Young people’s mental health: Exploring the gap between expectation and experience

ABSTRACT

Background

The proportion of young people suffering from poor mental health is on the increase, including in Scandinavian countries. This increase seems paradoxical, as Scandinavian countries are among those with the lowest degree of material deprivation, economic inequality, and social exclusion.     

The role of parents and peers in understanding female adolescent sexuality – testing perceived peer norms as mediators between some parental variables and sexuality

Previous research has confirmed peers and parents as significant agents of socialisation with respect to young people’s sexuality. The aim of this cross-sectional cohort study was to examine how parental and peer variables predict young women’s sexual behaviour and sexuality-related thoughts and emotions, and whether perceived peer influences mediate the relationship between parental variables and young person sexuality. A total of 560 female high school students of 1st (mean age 15.56 years) and 3rd grade (mean age 17.55 years), selected by means of two-stage stratified probability sampling participated in the research. Results confirmed that peer variables explained considerably more variance in participant sexuality than parental variables. Indirect parental communication about sexuality was a significant positive predictor of sexual behaviour and sexuality-related thoughts and emotions in both subsamples. The strength of direct and indirect influences of parents and peers on young people’s sexuality is determined by the age of the young person and specific aspects of adolescent sexuality. Perceived percentage of sexually active peers was the only mediator in older participants, while in the younger subsample, additional peer variables mediated the association between some parental and sexuality variables. In the discussion, special attention is given to implications of these results for planning future forms of comprehensive sexual education.     

Precursors of metamemory in young children: the role of theory of mind and metacognitive vocabulary

This paper describes findings of a longitudinal study that was carried out to examine relationships among different aspects of young children's cognitive development, namely, theory of mind, metacognitive vocabulary, and metamemory, which seem theoretically connected but so far have not been studied simultaneously. In total, 174 children were included in the present analyses who were about 4;6 years of age at the first measurement point. Children were tested at four time points, separated by a testing interval of approximately half a year. At the first time of testing, children completed a set of theory of mind tasks. At each of the following measurement points, measures of metacognitive vocabulary and general vocabulary as well as metamemory were given. Overall, the findings show that theory of mind performance assessed at the age of 4;6 predicts metacognitive knowledge assessed about one and a half years later. Furthermore, they point to a reciprocal relationship between metacognitive vocabulary and metamemory in that comprehension of metacognitive vocabulary predicted later metamemory and, conversely, metamemory significantly predicted later comprehension of metacognitive verbs. This research was supported by a grant from the German Research Foundation (SCHN 315 /20–7) to the German Research Group on Cognitive Development.     

当代大学生德育工作的新趋势--以青年志愿者服务活动为例

青年志愿者服务活动的蓬勃发展显示了德育工作的新趋势，这主要表现为四个转向：即德育的主体从被动转向主动，德育内容从知性德育转向生活德育，德育的运作方式从个体转向组织，德育实现方式从理论转向实践。深刻认识青年志愿者服务活动的重要性，对于拓展当代大学生德育工作的新思路，加强德育的实效性具有重要的启示作用。     

知青小说中的英雄主义再解读

知青小说是中国新时期文坛上独有的一道风景。对“文革”和“上山下乡”历史的书写是其共同的母题。但是相同的历史却在文本中呈现了不同的反映形式，表面的姿态掩盖了一部分作家作品真实的历史记忆。破开凝结在文本外坚硬的冰壳，我们可以看到蕴藏在文本下真实的记忆潜流。     

The beliefs of teachers and daycare staff regarding children of divorce: A Q methodological study

This Q methodological study explores beliefs of daycare staff and teachers regarding young children’s reactions related to divorce. The Q factor analysis resulted in two viewpoints. Participants on the viewpoint “Child problems” believe that children show various emotional and behavioral problems related to divorce, while those on the “Structure is working” viewpoint believe structure in daycare centers and parental cooperation help children to overcome divorce-related difficulties. Selective perception based on subjective experiences may have influenced these views. Practical implications are discussed. Q methodology and cognitive interviewing techniques seem efficient in exploring daycare staff beliefs.     

从青歌赛合唱比赛看中国少数民族合唱教育

从青歌赛合唱比赛看,我国少数民族合唱教育应注意原生态和西方唱法相结合,重视不同语言、不同发音的艺术化练习,努力以民族语言与特殊声音的模拟体现民族特色,以及正确运用民族特色和声和丰富多变的表演形式.     

“It’s My Job Now,I Guess”: Biographical disruption and communication work in supporters of young adult cancer survivors

ABSTRACT

This study uses narrative interviews to describe how 25 young adult (YA) close supporters (i.e., romantic partners, siblings) experience an often invisible and uniquely burdensome biographical disruption following a young adult cancer survivor’s (YACS; i.e., 18–39) diagnosis. YA supporters reported varying levels of biographical interdependence with the YACS and family system uncertainty with other important supporters. These factors led YA romantic partners and siblings to engage in different types of communication work to negotiate and maintain primary and secondary support roles with parents and in-laws, to ensure that the YACS received helpful social support by gatekeeping (i.e., correcting, blocking) others’ support attempts, and to accommodate both their own and the YACS’s disrupted biographies.     

马克思早期对宗教问题和人类解放问题的思考

黑格尔和青年黑格尔派对马克思早期思想的影响颇为深刻,青年时期的马克思其思想构成是复杂的,与青年黑格尔派既有联系但又保持着一定的距离,在很大程度上又很黑格尔化,但在理论研究的过程中,随着马克思对哲学问题的深入探讨和自身强烈的现实使命感,其哲学观也在发生着变化。马克思早期对宗教问题和人类解放问题的思考是非常深刻的,从犹太人的解放、德国人的解放到整个人类解放,从宗教本质的阐述到宗教社会根源的剖析,从宗教的世俗基础、政治解放与真正人类解放问题的探讨等,都为整个人类留下了一笔宝贵的精神财富。