中学体育教师课堂教学行为的理论构建

采用内隐和文献的方法研究中学体育教师的课堂教学行为,探索新时期体育课堂教学的行为标准,为体育教师职业培训、体育教学评价提供参考,并促进体育教师的职业发展.研究结果如下:1)中学体育教师的教育教学能力、教学组织管理能力、处理突发事件的能力、教学评价的能力在体育教学中起重要作用.2)提高中学体育教师的职业素质,加强技能培训的力度,尤其是教育技能的培训.3)校本课程的开发,需要加强有关课程知识和课程理论方面的学习.4)体育教师的课堂教学行为与教师的认识、素质、能力、学生观等密切相关.5)本研究将体育教师的课堂教学行为从三个方面界定:(A)体育教师的教授行为;(B)课堂组织管理行为;(C)体育课堂教学评价.     

Joint trajectories of behavioral,affective, and cognitive engagement in elementary school

The aim of the present study was to model student trajectories of behavioral, affective, and cognitive engagement from Grade 3 to Grade 6. The authors also examined whether teachers perceptions could predict student trajectory membership. The authors collected data from a sample of 831 students and 152 teachers. Using multiple-process growth mixture modeling, they identified 5 distinct trajectories of student engagement. Although a large majority of children presented a stable and high level of engagement on the three dimensions over time, more than one third of them showed a lower or changing level of engagement as the years progressed. These students were more likely to be boys and to be perceived by teachers as being less engaged. They also present more learning or behavioral problems and share less positive relationships with teachers. The results support the need to consider group-based differences when designing and adapting prevention and intervention strategies to favor student engagement.     

Spillover effects in environmental behaviors,across time and context: a review and research agenda

When implementing environmental education and interventions to promote one pro-environmental behavior, it is seldom asked if and how non-target pro-environmental behaviors are affected. The spillover effect proposes that engaging in one behavior affects the probability of engagement or disengaging in a second behavior. Therefore, the positive spillover effect predicts that interventions targeting one specific behavioral have the capacity to promote non-targeted and/or future pro-environmental behaviors. However, the negative spillover effect predicts that engaging in a first pro-environmental behavior will prevent or decrease a second pro-environmental behavior. Since the theoretical and empirical basis for positive and negative spillover effects are not sufficiently understood, the present paper (1) suggests a distinction between behavioral, temporal, and contextual spillovers (2) reviews the existing spillover research literature across a variety of environmental domains, (3) presents potential moderators governing the direction of spillover effects, and finally (4) discuss techniques to promote pro-environmental spillovers.     

Teen Perceptions of the Promotion of Safer Sexual Practices: A Focus Group Study

Teens' own thoughts on fostering safe sexual practice are important perspectives in promoting adolescent sexual health yet are relatively absent in the literature. This focus group study explored teens' perceptions about the supports and challenges that exist as teens strive to engage in healthy sexual practices. Seventy-five teens participated in 11 focus groups using a semi-structured interview guide. School-based health centers provided the setting and facilitated sample recruitment. Focus groups were audiorecorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using the focus group guide as a template and typologies, or clusters of concepts, were extracted to establish teen perceptions of the factors that support and challenge their ability to engage in safe sexual practices. The socio-ecological model provided the framework to identify these factors within the individual, family/parent, relational (peer/partner), community, or societal spheres of influence. Results discussed the importance of parents, the value of confidentiality, respect for teen decision-making, relationships skills, developmental aspects of the adolescent years, and social interpretations of gender. These findings revealed important considerations as adults develop policies, messages, and programs designed to promote safe sexual behavior in teens.     

社会支持理论视域下的留学低龄化问题研究

当前我国留学低龄化趋势日益明显并带来一些问题。这些问题表现在心理健康问题、行为失范问题、国家认同感弱化等方面。从社会支持理论来看,以上问题的产生,主要是由其原有社会支持体系被破坏、新的社会支持体系未能有效发挥作用所致。构建“小留学生”社会支持体系,既需要发挥政府等正式组织的作用,又要发挥非政府组织的作用;既要发挥父母、同学、亲友等人际支持作用,又要“小留学生”自身积极发挥社会支持网络的修复作用。     

刍议高职院校学生网瘾及对策

截至2009年6月底,中国青少年网民(25岁以下)规模为1.75亿人,由此带来的大学生"网瘾"现象也越来越严重,必须引起高度重视.就高职院校学生沉迷网络的问题,从上网现状、网络特点、网瘾表现、成因等多方面进行分析,有针对性地提出应对高职学院学生网瘾问题的建议对策.     

体育义务的内涵

在义务、法律义务概念再认识的基础上,提出体育义务是指体育法律规定的对体育法律关系主体作为和不作为行为的约束,其本质不仅体现体育法的核心价值——"公平"要求意义上的"应当",而且体现法律要求意义上的"应当";其构成要素主要包含体育义务主体、"应当"的体育行为。同时认为,对不同体育主体体育义务进行规定的体育法律包括体育国际法、体育国家法、体育固有法、体育行业协会以及体育权威机构颁布的体育法规。其中,体育固有法对体育行为具有直接的约束力,而体育国家法是保证实现体育义务的最后保障。     

学者学术影响力评价指标的优选与学术行为特点的国内外比较

以中国医学科学院73位从事临床科研的博士生导师为样本,分析不同学术年龄组在各学术影响力指标上的表现差异,并采用方差分析和相关性分析辅助优选指标。得到的优选指标包括发文量、总被引次数、篇均被引次数、h指数、A指数、g指数和累计影响因子,其中与“平均量”相关的篇均被引次数、A指数更适合于评价中国高水平学者的学术表现;而m熵指数不太适合于评价中国学者的国际影响力;中国科研人员的评价应该注意学术年龄这一因素。     

图书馆联盟中的机会主义行为风险及其防范研究

图书馆联盟是一个复杂的系统,协调各成员馆之间的利益差异和分歧,对合作中的机会主义行为进行有效的防范和控制,是保证联盟合作关系健康发展的关键。契约与信任机制在组建阶段可以对联盟可能出现的合作风险进行有效的预防,而监督与检查考核机制、激励与约束机制则贯穿于联盟的整个生命周期,在联盟的整个运行过程中规范和约束着成员馆的合作行为,从而消减和防范联盟的各种机会主义行为风险。     

中职生教育技棚

由于特殊的生源构成,中职生的课堂存在较多的问题行为已是不争的事实。职业学校要创造一个和谐、有序和高效的课堂氛围相对较难。本文结合中职生的特点,根据课堂问题行为控制的实际情况,采用情景案例分析和课堂观察的方法,探讨有效解决课堂问题行为的规范控制策略,以期能为教育教学实践提供一些可操作性的参考．