Information literacy in science writing: how students find,identify, and use scientific literature

For undergraduate students to achieve science literacy, they must first develop information literacy skils. These skills align with Information Literacy Standards and include determining appropriate databases, distinguishing among resource types, and citing resources ethically. To effectively improve information literacy and science literacy, we must identify how students interact with authentic scientific texts. In this case study, we addressed this aim by embedding a science librarian into a science writing course, where students wrote a literature review on a research topic of their choice. Library instruction was further integrated through the use of an online guide and outside assistance. To evaluate the evolution of information literacy in our students and provide evidence of student practices, we used task-scaffolded writing assessments, a reflection, and surveys. We found that students improved their ability and confidence in finding research articles using discipline-specific databases as well as their ability to distinguish primary from secondary research articles. We also identified ways students improperly used and cited resources in their writing assignments. While our results reveal a better understanding of how students find and approach scientific research articles, additional research is needed to develop effective strategies to improve long-term information literacy in the sciences.     

词义层上的非常规搭配现象分析

搭配是一种常见语言现象，语言学家从不同的角度对此加以研究．．在英语中还存在着非常规搭配现象，这种表面上不合常规的语义搭配表现出的特别的表达效果。本文尝试通过实例分析非常规搭配现象的类型、它的表达效果以及翻译方面的要求.     

酒后驾车涉及问题的综合探讨

探讨了乙醇摄入导致的交通行为异常、驾车者血液酒精浓度的检测方法等热点和难点问题,提出了可供参考的观点和意见.     

Co-mentoring: The Iterative Process of Learning about Self and “Becoming” Leaders

Two pre-tenured faculty members at dissimilar institutions found themselves in similar positions – both were assigned to administrative positions that they did not seek. This self-study is an investigation of their processes of becoming leaders and how they aligned and/or conflicted with their espoused beliefs. A review of the literature that guided them is also included. Throughout the process, the two served as co-mentors for each other as they navigated the unfamiliar territory of educational leadership at the university level. Together, they strove to remain committed to shared ideals of democratic practice, transparency, and collaboration. As evidenced in the data, tensions existed as they learned and performed their new roles. Administrative duties and their enactment at times conflicted with their ideals of effective leadership. Electronic journals kept throughout the process were the main data source, which they then revisited to chart their own and each other’s learning and growth while leading. Looking back at their progression, they were able to identify four iterative phases in their development: forming, storming, norming, and performing. Discussions of each phase, with examples, are focal points of the study. The co-mentoring model is one that, while not typically or formally used, was shown to be effective for these two new leaders. Leading each other’s learning helped them align ideals of leading (in teaching and scholarship) with traditional ideas of administration (management tasks and leadership enactments). This study provides clear recommendations for new leaders and those who support them in becoming leaders.     

反讽：李渔的怀疑精神——论李渔短篇小说中的反讽色彩

反讽是李渔在短篇小说中表现怀疑精神的一种角度。对于民间和古代小说中一直存在的鬼神信仰,对于才子佳人间的温情脉脉,对于人情,李渔表示了怀疑。对于变态的情欲,李渔是以复杂的心情讲述的。但李渔的怀疑精神是不彻底的,他最终是要与这个世界和解的,他的作品是要有益教化而且充满娱乐的。     

Network structure, self-organization, and the growth of international collaboration in science

Different approaches have been used to analyse international collaboration in science but none can fully explain its rapid growth. Using international co-authorships, we test the hypothesis that international collaboration is a self-organising network. Applying tools from network analysis, the paper shows that the growth of international co-authorships can be explained based on the organising principle of preferential attachment, although the attachment mechanism deviates from an ideal power-law. Several explanations for the deviation are explored, including that of the influence of institutional constraints on the mechanism of self-organisation.     

社会资本在企业开展产学研合作中的作用探析

从社会资本的结构、认知和关系三个基本维度出发,提出社会资本在企业开展产学研合作中的作用主要体现为信息收益、有效沟通和建立信任基础三个方面,这些都有助于企业智力资本的积累,并结合案例进行实证分析。基于社会资本与产学研合作中存在的主要问题之间相互关联,指出培育社会资本是产学研合作发展的关键。     

1996-2015年“一带一路”沿线国家科研合作网络的演化分析

[目的/意义]从纵向演化与横向区域比较两个维度,探究包括中国在内的65个"一带一路"沿线国家的科研合作情况,为我国与沿线国家开展科研合作和政策制定提供参考。[方法/过程]以Web of Science核心合集作为数据来源,抓取65个国家20年间近240万条学术论文的跨国合作数据;使用社会网络分析方法,构建"一带一路"沿线国家的论文合著网络。然后从网络整体、核心国家、科研小团体三方面分析该网络现状及演化过程,并对核心国家之间的主要科研合作内容进行探究。[结果/结论]整体来看,合作网络的密度呈波动上升的趋势,这说明国家间的科研合作规模越来越大,但部分国家在科研合作开放程度上表现不佳,在"一带一路"沿线国家中衰弱型和沉睡型国家较多;中国、俄罗斯、波兰、捷克共和国、匈牙利、印度和土耳其的核心度一直较高,合作内容多属物理学及相关学科;除核心国家之外的"一带一路"沿线国家与地理位置上邻近的国家合作较多,东南亚、欧洲、中亚、中东等地区的区域聚集特征比较明显。     

建立产学研联合培养研究生评估方案的前期调研

评估前的调查研究其价值在于推进对评估标准及问题的设计与把握,以保障后续评估工作的合理实施。本文通过对产学研联合培养研究生工作调研,站在个案分析视角,针对如何做好评估前的调研工作进行探讨,从调查研究知识和方法的运用、调研三环节的落实、调研问题和结论的提炼等三个方面,从而对调查为评估工作服务提出了看法。     

日本科技领域是否存在“举国体制”——以半导体技术攻关为考察对象

日本政府在科技领域采用的“有机开发体制”“整合推进体制”和“产学官合作”机制,取得了巨大成效,但对于这种模式是否属于“举国体制”,学界存在不同认识。不同学者对“举国体制”内涵和特征的解读存在差异,对日本政府实施的攻关做法是否属于“举国体制”存在争议。文章梳理归纳科技领域“举国体制”内涵特征,选取日本半导体技术攻关为案例,从实证角度论证其做法体现了“举国体制”特征。文章还对日本半导体技术攻关“举国体制”的产业化目标导向、“大企业本位研发体制”、国立科研机构在应用研究和协调管理上的“双重职能”,以及日本政府在技术资助领域和项目遴选标准上的做法和经验进行总结。最后对“举国体制”的局限性进行了探讨,提出应全面、客观看待日本“举国体制”模式的成功要因,避免夸大该模式对技术研发所发挥的作用,以此加深国内对日本技术攻关模式的研究与认识,以期能够为我国推进和完善科技领域“举国体制”提供一些参考。