教师期待与学生学业成绩:基于班级层面的研究

通过对优秀教师与普通教师对比实验的案例与数据分析,文章发现:在班级层面上优秀教师比普通教师对学生的期待值高;高期待的优秀教师在课堂里会通过提供积极的学习与情感环境来提高班级学生整体学习成绩;高期待的教师对学生学习态度的感知度和学生学习态度之间成正比例关系,从而论证了该研究的前提假设:教师对班级层面学生学习期待的高低对学生学业成绩具有重要的影响。     

论中国大学的行政权力与学术权力之争

组织庞大和积极参与社会意识是现代大学较为突出的两大特点,由此带来大学内部和外部权力之间的相互交织和渗透,形成一个错综复杂的权力矩阵。在这一权力网络中,大学学术和行政等诸种权力的相互制衡,是现代大学制度具有普遍意义的特征。学术与行政之间日益紧张的关系使得"去行政化"、"取消行政级别"等成了当代中国大学标志性话语。这些语汇只不过是中国大学对大学官僚化不满的一种学术诉求,是对大学学术资源重新进行优化组合以保持大学持久生命力从而还原大学本真的一种希望表达。建立中国现代大学制度,厘清大学相对于国家、社会和市场的独立自主地位,依法划分大学党委、行政、教授、工会和学生等五大主体的权力边界,实行法人治理,是中国大学走出权力之争永葆创新活力和发展动力的必由之路。     

论学术权威精神与高校创新人才的培养

知识经济时代,学术权威的创新精神、开放合作精神、自由民主精神以及崇高的道德品质和严格的学术规范等精神气质更加彰显。高校充分发扬这些学术权威精神,为创新人才的成长营造积极进取、勇于创新、严谨治学的向真向善向美的学术生态环境,是其实现培养创新人才目标的重要举措。     

Modelling parenting styles,moral intelligence,academic self-efficacy and learning motivation among adolescents in grades 7–11

The current study investigated the associations between three maternal and paternal parenting styles, moral intelligence, academic self-efficacy and learning motivation in three serial mediation models. Omani adolescents enrolled in 7th to 11th grades (N = 296) responded to an online survey containing demographic items and scales measuring the variables noted above. Results of Path Analysis indicated that the three models had a good overall fit. In detail, the three paternal styles (authoritative, authoritarian and permissive) had direct associations with moral intelligence and indirect associations with learning motivation. However, only two maternal parenting styles (i.e., authoritative and authoritarian) correlated directly with learning motivation and these two styles did not associate with moral intelligence. All effects were in the hypothesized direction except the effect of authoritative maternal and paternal styles. Moral intelligence had a positive direct correlation with students’ academic self-efficacy and learning motivation. Moral intelligence also mediated the negative associations between three types of fathers’ parenting styles and students’ motivation. Academic self-efficacy had a positive association with students’ motivation. These findings provided useful insights about the various association between external factors (e.g., parenting styles), internal factors (i.e., moral intelligence and self-efficacy) and students’ motivation among adolescents in middle and high schools.     

从国际经验看研究型大学本科教学改革的基本原则

以2001年博伊委员会对美国研究型大学落实其1998年报告建议的跟踪调查结果为主要依据,反思欧美发达国家改革的经验和教训,研究型大学本科教学改革应当遵循以发展知识为根本的科研与教学同生共进原则,以集体智慧为特征的新型学术自由原则,以因材施教为基础的新式精英教育原则。本科生研究和研究性教学则是实现这些原则的“阿基米德支点”。     

毛泽东同志的“减负”思想及启示

毛泽东同志在减轻学生负担、关注学生身心健康方面作了大量论述,对新中国成立后的教育发展影响很大。毛泽东同志“减负”思想的基本出发点是要学生生动活泼地、主动地发展,其科学内核包括精简课程设置和教材;反对注入式教学方法,提倡启发式教学方法;改革考试和评价方法。毛泽东同志的“减负”思想,对当前我国教育改革有重要的启示。     

美国传统名校是怎样捍卫学术诚信的——普林斯顿大学本科生学术规范管理制度评述

普林斯顿大学本科生的学术规范管理非常富有特色,这体现在其强调学生自律的管理理念、严格而细化的管理规范、科学的管理程序与对学术失范行为实施公开惩处等方面.普林斯顿的学术规范管理使该校本科生从入校起就接受严格的学术规范教育,逐渐认同并自觉身体力行学术规范与要求,从而使优良的学术传统能在普林斯顿大学代代相传,成为后代学人学术不断产出的重要基础.     

A large-scale test of the relationship between procrastination and performance using learning analytics

Abstract

Many studies have found a relationship between students’ self-reported procrastination and their grades. Few studies have used learning analytic data as a behavioural measure of procrastination in order to predict performance, and there is no systematic research on how this relationship may differ across assessments or disciplines. In this study we analyse nine years’ worth of institutional electronic submission records, a total of 73,608 assignment submissions, to examine the relationship between submission time and grades across assignments, students, courses, and disciplines in higher education. A significant negative relationship was found overall, with students who submitted closer to the deadline obtaining lower grades, however the size of the relationship was negligible, accounting for less than 1% of the variance in grades. The relationship varied significantly depending on student, assignment, course and discipline.     

分工视角中的学术职业

从分工的视角来看 ,现代大学的学科制度既促进也制约着学术职业的发展。而学术自由作为学术职业的突出特点 ,与学术人格之间形成的良性互动 ,成为学术职业的现实推动力。我国学术职业的发展中面临着种种问题 ,应该从职业分工的角度来研究我国的大学教师 ,以便确立他们的社会地位 ,推进学术研究的发展     

关于学术期刊编辑规格标准化的若干问题

在期刊编辑出版工作中,需要按国家标准规范的内容,几乎涉及到编辑出版工作的全过程,包括文题,作者署名,摘要,关键词及其标引,正文的编排,数字用法,标点符号的使用,之后参考文献的著录等等.对上述规范进行说明和解释,有助于论文写作者在实际操作中有章可循,不致犯相关错误.