广州市“健康教育进校园”活动现状研究

目的:分析广州市“健康教育进校园”活动的开展现状,为活动推广提供对策依据。方法:随机抽取31所试点学校1319名学生以及25位老师、254名实践小组成员,并为其发放关于授课效果和活动满意度的调查问卷,走访活动主办部门(广州医科大学)和部分实践小组成员,找出阻碍活动发展的问题。结果:84.00%试点学校老师认为其课程能满足学校健康教育工作需要,试点学校学生对授课内容的满意度高达93.91%,48.43%的实践小组成员表示会参加下次活动。结论:该活动开展现状较好,试点学校学生以及老师、实践小组成员对活动的满意度高,但对接学校重视程度和大学生授课水平有待提高,指导老师和学生组织未能发挥其最大作用。     

中国科学院系统与高等学校机构知识库建设比较研究

采取文献综述、网站跟踪观测和数据汇总分析方法，从建设动因与目标理念、建设策略与推进措施、建设进度与运行状态3个方面对中国科学院系统和高校机构知识库建设现状作比较研究，归纳出两大系统机构知识库建设特点和经验，提出两大系统共同合作，形成我国综合型机构知识库网格建设与发展格局，推进国家层面机构知识库系统建设的建议。     

Access to undergraduate education is an unresolved burden in Ghana: A qualitative approach

Higher education is a means by which human capital is mostly developed and awareness is created in people to think of themselves as active citizens willing and able to have influence in public life, and with the critical capacity to weigh evidence before speaking and acting. The rationale behind the paper is to address the low access to higher education in Ghana, and to emphasise the need to deal with the issue, if Ghana wants to maintain its middle-income status and be heading towards a developed country. Therefore, the paper re-examines the challenges of undergraduate education access in Ghana by intentionally selecting some educationists and engaging them in an interview. Financial challenges, infrastructural deficiency and inadequate lecturers are found to be some of the challenges. The contributions of the paper to knowledge include development of educational access conceptual framework. It is recommended that funding arrangements be pursued for students, technologically mediated distance education be effected and more research graduates be produced to augment the teaching capacity base.     

我国高校图书馆开放获取学术资源集成与揭示现状分析

对75所教育部所属院校图书馆进行调查分析,发现虽然有高达89.33%的图书馆对开放获取资源进行了不同程度的集成和揭示,但存在集成和揭示力度不足、缺乏统一与协作等诸多问题。最后对开放获取资源集成与揭示工作提出具体建议。     

开放存取环境下国内图书馆面临的问题探析

本文详细阐述了国内图书馆对开放存取资源开发利用现状,分析开放存取环境下国内图书馆面临的主要问题,包括用户对开放存取的认知度和认可度不高、开放存取对图书馆经费的影响还不明显、图书馆对开放存取资源的开发利用程度低和机构库的建设存在诸多问题等。     

Symbolic links in the Open Directory Project

We present a study to develop an improved understanding of symbolic links in web directories. A symbolic link is a hyperlink which makes a directed connection from a webpage along one path through a directory to a page along another path. While symbolic links are ubiquitous in web directories such as Yahoo!, they are under-studied and, as a result, their uses are poorly understood. A cursory analysis of symbolic links reveals multiple uses: to provide navigational shortcuts deeper into a directory, backlinks to more general categories, and multiclassification. We investigated these uses in the Open Directory Project (ODP), the largest, most comprehensive, and most widely distributed human-compiled taxonomy of links to websites, which makes extensive use of symbolic links. The results reveal that while symbolic links in ODP are used primarily for multiclassification, only few multiclassification links actually span top- and second-level categories. This indicates that most symbolic links in ODP are used to create multiclassification between topics which are nested more than two levels deep and suggests that there may be multiple uses of multiclassification links. We also situate symbolic links vis à vis other semantic and structural link types from hypermedia. We anticipate that the results and relationships identified and discussed in this paper will provide a foundation for (1) users for understanding the usages of symbolic links in a directory, (2) designers to employ symbolic links more effectively when building and maintaining directories and for crafting user interfaces to them, and (3) information retrieval researchers for further study of symbolic links in web directories.     

支持增强Linux安全性的多个安全策略模型的统一框架（英文）

作为各种应用程序的基础,操作系统不可避免地受到越来越多的安全威胁。在Linux操作系统中,主要有两种访问控制机制,即传统的、简单的自主访问控制和权能控制。由于它们固有的缺陷,无法保护系统免受各种攻击。为了提高Linux的安全性和解决这两种安全机制存在的缺陷,设计并以可加载内核模块的形式实现了多个安全策略模型。虽然当前也已经存在很多安全策略,但是系统在不同的环境下对安全策略会有不同的需求。需要统一的构架来组合不同的策略,并根据应用环境的不同安全,适当地调整策略的优先级,从而使得安全操作系统具有更好的适应性。SECIMOS系统,作为同时支持多个安全策略模块的统一框架,可以在平衡系统的安全性和性能时有选择性地加载模块。该框架建立在LSM（Linux Security Module）之上。但是,LSM并没有提供裁决调用多个模块的次序策略,也没有提供实现非访问控制模块的机制。我们通过指定元策略和扩展LSM,从而很好地解决了这两个问题。本文首先分析Linux系统中两种主要安全机制的局限性。然后,给出SECIMOS的构建,简介了各个安全策略模型及其实现模块,并描述结合多个安全模块的方法。最后,给出了SECIMOS的性能参数和与其他安全项目之间的比较。     

我国e印本文库的发展策略

在介绍e印本文库(“e-print archive”)的基本问题,包括中文翻译、基本内涵、工作原理和类型的基础上,回顾其发展历程和国内外发展现状;借鉴国外e印本文库发展的实践经验,提出发展我国e印本文库的基本策略和宏观管理模式。     

开放存取运动缘何蓬勃兴起？

分析开放存取运动兴起的原因,认为科学研究人员非赢利的信息传播动机和利用需求是其存在的前提,而网络为开放存取提供了平台和条件。同时,指出科学研究资助机构、科学家、大学和图书馆是开放存取运动中的重要力量,而国际化合作是开放存取运动的推进器。     

Time and Space: Access and the Lifecycle of the Art Student

Reflecting on how ‘transition’ can be interpreted in the context of an art and design college, this article will discuss how the access programme at the National College of Art and Design (NCAD), Dublin supports the art students’ lifecycle in, through and out of college. The article will present an overview of NCAD’s access programme and will track its development as it has evolved and how, through a series of targeted initiatives and key partnerships it has identified, retained and supported students beyond graduation. The NCAD has a distinctive widening participation programme that is embedded in the School of Education but is part of the organic culture of the art college. This support enables the mainstreaming of NCAD’s access policy through its engagement with schools and community, seeking to raise aspirations and awareness of art and design as a life option for young people.