修身：一个久被忽略的武术研究领域*——来自林语堂“闲适文学”东冷西热现象的启示

运用文献资料、历史分析研究方法，以林语堂“闲适文学”之东冷西热现象为借鉴启示，对武术修身在清末民初、民国迄今所遭遇的历史境遇和今天所迎来的时代发展机遇进行论述。旨在呼吁新时期社会条件下，修身将作为武术之一重要价值的彰显，以促进武术未来发展之路更加宽广。主要结论：1）是社会历史发展的现实基础而非林语堂“闲适文学”的优劣，决定了其“东冷西热”现象的发生，及其独特的历史命运和遭际。2）修身在武术研究中地位的历史演绎，经历了清末民初作为提升武术文化层次和社会地位的主要抓手，到民国迄今伴随“科学”彰显对武术修身的理论忌讳及掩蔽这样两个历史节点。3）当今社会语境下修身又迎来了适宜的成长土壤；武术研究者应紧扣时代脉搏，关注修身这一武术理论研究新动向；既是武术之理论研究跟随历史演进步伐，更广层面、更深层次地造福于人类生活，也是武术自身能够在当今社会获得更广阔发展空间的一条重要途径。     

Young people with high‐functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome planning for and anticipating the move to college: what supports a positive transition?

For many young people in England, the move into continuing education involves a transfer from the school where they were educated to a further education college. For those with high‐functioning autism or Asperger's syndrome, this can be a challenging process. Past research has demonstrated some of the problems that these young people can encounter. This article by Wendy Mitchell and Bryony Beresford, both based in the Social Policy Research Unit at the University of York, adds to the evidence base by describing how best to support these young people, focusing specifically on ‘young person endorsed’ practice. Data are gleaned from qualitative interviews with 18 young people with high‐functioning autism/Asperger's syndrome. Findings reveal that young people welcomed the involvement of practitioners; however, specific forms of help and knowledge were particularly valued. In addition, it was parents, as opposed to professionals, who typically emerged as the most significant and valued source of support. Implications for practice are discussed, including the support needs of parents.     

Dissecting through Barriers: A Follow-up Study on the Long-Term Effects of Interprofessional Education in a Dissection Course with Healthcare Professional Students

Several studies have shown significant improvements in the attitudes and perceptions of healthcare professional students toward interprofessional education (IPE) immediately following intervention with IPE courses. However, there remains little evidence on the lasting effects of IPE courses and the long-term influences of these IPE experiences are poorly documented. The purpose of this study is to assess the long-term effects of an intensive, ten-week interprofessional gross anatomy dissection course at McMaster University. Attitudes and perceptions of past participants towards interprofessional learning were evaluated, now that they have started working with other healthcare professionals outside of the IPE course setting. Thirty-four past participants who have clinical experience working in interprofessional settings or are currently working in the healthcare field completed a follow-up questionnaire consisting of a modified Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) and open-ended questions. Quantitative analysis revealed a significant decrease in their attitude towards teamwork and collaboration and respect for other health professions, but a significant improvement in their understanding of roles and responsibilities compared to their results immediately after the IPE intervention. Qualitative analysis of open-ended questions revealed several themes such as developing interprofessional competencies, developing relationships, and remembering the strengths of the IPE dissection course. The results of this study indicate that the IPE experience in anatomy was highly valued by the students and that past participants maintain a clear understanding of their scope of practice, but the reality of clinical practice may have eroded gains made in the program. Anat Sci Educ. © 2018 American Association of Anatomists.     

Where are we now? A review of research on the history of women's soccer in Ireland

ABSTRACT

It is a common fact that women's sport and leisure history, especially in male dominated spheres, and more specifically football, have been ignored by many academics. However, in recent years there have been major developments in digital technology that have changed the nature of the type of research that can be done. Access to tools to facilitate field research are relatively cheap and with the high volume of digitisation projects that have taken place over the last few years as well as the increasing number of born digital resources that have been published, there are new opportunities. In relation to women's soccer in Ireland, this paper asks the question – where are we now? The argument will review the current literature on this subject and outline potential approaches for future research.     

High-resolution mapping of brain vasculature and its impairment in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease mice

Accumulating evidence indicates the critical importance of cerebrovascular dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer''s disease (AD). However, systematic comparative studies on the precise brain vasculature of wild-type and AD model mice are still rare. Using an image-optimization method for analysing Micro-Optical Sectioning Tomography (MOST) data, we generated cross-scale whole-brain 3D atlases that cover the entire vascular system from large vessels down to smallest capillaries at submicron resolution, for both wild-type mice and a transgenic (APP/PS1) mouse model of AD. In addition to distinct vascular patterns in different brain regions, we found that the main vessels of the molecular layer of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG-ml) undergo abrupt changes in both diameter and branch angle, spreading a unique comb-like pattern of capillaries. By using a quantitative analysis workflow, we identified in the hippocampus of AD mice an overall reduction of the mean vascular diameter, volume fraction and branch angle, with most significant impairment in the DG-ml. In addition, virtual endoscopy revealed irregular morphological features in the vessel lumen of the AD mice, potentially contributing to the impairment of blood flow. Our results demonstrate the capability of high-resolution cross-scale evaluation of brain vasculature and underscore the importance of studying hippocampal microcirculation for understanding AD pathogenesis.     

Understanding the overvaluation of facial trustworthiness in Airbnb host images

Renting a property via a peer-to-peer platform involves a variety of risks. Humans inherently, subconsciously use facial cues as important shortcuts in making assessments about other persons. On property sharing platforms, such as Airbnb, facial cues can be used in a similar fashion alongside reputational information. According to Dangerous Decisions Theory (DDT), intuitive evaluations of trustworthiness based on faces can bias subsequent assessment of an individual, requiring further information sources to make a more balanced assessment. In this study we apply DDT to demonstrate that evaluations based on perceived facial trustworthiness are overvalued; when combined with reputational measures, such as ‘super host’ status, such assessments are diminished. The study is based on deep learning to classify host faces for a large data set of online accommodation (n = 78,386). The research demonstrates that facial trust cues in online platforms should be treated with caution and must be combined with more objective measures of reputation in order to reduce the effects of overvaluation. The paper concludes with implications for practice and future research.     

Supervisor Cultural Humility Predicts Intentional Nondisclosure by Post-Master's Counselors

The authors examined supervisor cultural humility as a predictor of supervisee intentional nondisclosure. Using multiple regression in a sample of 101 post-master's counselors, the authors found that 20% of supervisees' intentional nondisclosure was explained by their perceptions of their supervisors' level of cultural humility.     

场地转换视角下世界优秀男子网球单打运动员技术策略分析

目的:寻找不同场地的制胜技术策略与场地转换过程中的技术策略变化特点。方法:运用较小时间单元的技术指标(盘数据),对2018年男子单打四大满贯公开赛,共计73场比赛的单盘数据,进行不同场地胜负者Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test检验分析,并用Kruskal Wallis Test检验(通过Bonferroni校正)对场地之间技术指标进行差异性检验及多重事后比较分析。结果:1)2018年四大满贯男子比赛,不同场地平均每场盘数:草场>红土>硬地;2)硬地与红土,ACE/%指标具有显著差异,2种场地的各项指标数据均值相差较小。红土与草地,6项技术指标具有显著差异,双误、一发进区率未见显著差异,2种场地的各项指标数据均值相差最大。草地与硬地,7项技术指标具有显著差异,制胜球未见显著差异,数据均值差异小于草地与红土的差异;3)不同场地之间显著差异指标的个数:硬地与红土1个,红土与草地6个,硬地与草地7个。结论:场地不同需要运动员采用不同的技战术策略,注重场地转换过渡期中技术策略思想转变。硬地转红土,注重战术策略趋同性特点变化,发球以限制接得分为主,控制非受迫性失误,整体技战术策略守大于攻。红土转草地,技术指标差异最大,技术策略调整最大,转变防守反击思想,草地发球相关技术更为重要,草地盘数多于红土,整体技战术策略攻大于守。草地转硬地,技术策略接近,硬地需要减少双误,提高一发进区率、二发得分率,注重技术的全面性,整体技战术策略攻守平衡。     

美国妇女选举权档案开发利用的特色分析及启示

美国国家档案馆为纪念宪法《第十九条修正案》100周年,发起一项为期18个月的全国性倡议,带动各州庆祝妇女选举权。本文分析指出美国妇女选举权档案开发利用的内容特色——主题集中、关注个体和突出人物;方式特色——多媒介、数字化和关联式开发并行,最后总结出对我国的启示——档案开发利用宜主题集中、方式多样、把握时机的持续性。