浅议职业技术培训如何瞄准农村富余劳动力

当前,抓好农村富余劳动力转移工作,政府应加强规范管理,保证转移培训工作落到实处,做到“信息统一服务、技术统一服务、管理统一服务”。另外,还应做好桥梁和牵头搭线工作,充分发挥职业技术学校、培训机构优势直接面对农村,选择科技含量高、适应市场需求的培训技能,真正提高农村劳动力人口素质,实现农村富余劳动力就业有序转移和稳定转移。     

Enabling labour market entry for adults through non-formal education and training for employment in South Africa

Adult non-formal education and training (NFET) in South Africa was adopted in 1990 to address the problem of unemployment of non-educated and unskilled adults. Public and private NFET centres aim to meet the training needs of adults who were deprived of formal education that would foster access to opportunities for employment. The paper reports on a study conducted to investigate what constitutes NFET enabling environments for employment. The paper focuses on the approach of training delivery fostering labour market entry of graduates. The findings show that individual trainees who participated in private centres had a higher probability of being employed because of the creation of internal enabling environments for skills acquisition and focus on income-generating activities. The authors conclude that an integration of technical skills with business skills and ‘learning by earning’ is a potential training delivery approach enabling graduates to participate in economic activities.     

Measuring labour market success: a comparison between immigrants and native-born Canadians using PIAAC

Canadian society is characterised by a plurality of immigrants and Canadian migration policy and corresponding recognition approaches are strongly geared to economic criteria, qualifications and skills. This paper addresses the question how immigrants who have acquired their highest qualification outside Canada are able to use their foreign qualifications and skills in their current job. The analyses are conducted to verify the assumptions of human capital theory as well as the lack of transferability of human capital across country borders. To answer these questions a labour market success index is developed, which is used as a dependent variable in regression models. The results show that traditional operationalisations of human capital (years of education, years of work experience and skills) have a positive effect on individual labour market success. At the same time, being born abroad and having acquired one’s highest qualification abroad in comparison to Canada, especially in a Non-Western country, has negative effects on the overall labour market success of an individual. Detailed comparisons regarding different indicators of labour market success also prove these comparatively negative effects. The results demonstrate the limited explanatory power of human capital theory and the necessity to complement it with Bourdieu’s concepts of social and cultural capital.     

衍生金融工具对传统财务会计的影响

随着金融业对外开放和金融市场的加速发育，金融衍生工具已通过各种途径涌入我国金融市场。因衍生金融工具引起的会计业务与日常会计业务相比具有其独特性，如仍按传统会计方法对其进行计量、确认，很难正确反映衍生金融工具业务，最终将导致企业会计信息失真。为此，必须对传统会计进行改革，以适应新形势、新业务的需要。     

我国农民工现状浅析

随着我国改革的深入和市场经济的发展,农村剩余劳动力大量涌向城市,形成庞大的农民工队伍。然而,农民工在城市工作、生活的现状却不容乐观。改革我国现行的相关制度,采取措施切实保护农民工权益,势在必行。     

对原始艺术起源说的反思

我国关于艺术起源的观点众多，其中“劳动说”、“巫术说”等存在片面性，没有摆脱传统理论束缚。需要指出的是：艺术起源的单轨说不能成立；对文献考古资料的不正确运用也会导致结论错误。二者均受先验观念影响，将原始社会过分简单化，认为艺术一定源于原始社会这个特定阶段。古典进化论是这些错误认识的根源。解决此问题的有效途径是在艺术研究领域引入“文化要素分析法”。     

职业教育发展与农村剩余劳动力有序转移

分析农村剩余劳动力转移的内在制约因素及其后果，提出更有效地实现农村剩余劳动力有序转移的根本途径，即加强对职业教育的统筹规划，完善相关配套政策、法规，强化职业准入、城市准入、年龄准入，开展多种形式的职业教育与培训，加强职业指导，建立健全就业服务体系。     

关于职业资格证书制度和劳动预备制度的思考

职业资格证书制度是国家劳动管理制度的一个重要组成部分。实施职业资格证书制度和劳动预备制度，实行就业准入控制并积极推进劳动预备教育，代表了先进生产力的要求和广大人民群众的根本利益。目前，我国仍存在着职业资格证书制度、教育制度不完备和供需错位的问题，因此，推进职业资格证书制度和劳动预备制度，必须加强政府干预职能，提供行业保障和教育保证。     

论废除劳动教养制度的必要性

劳动教养制度是我国特有的一种制度,不能否认它为维护社会稳定和治安秩序,教化违法人员起了一定的作用,但它的存在与我们国家的法治目标以及对人权的保护是相矛盾的,其产生的社会背景已经不存在,它的存在缺乏法律依据,而且违背了“过罚相当”原则,所以将其废除是不可逆转的趋势。     

价值规律的本质与“另一种意义”——与宋醒民教授等商榷

价值规律是商品价值由社会必要劳动时间决定的规律。价值在本质上仅仅表现出一种趋势和倾向,而不是绝对的具体量。马克思对社会必要总劳动进行分析,目的在说明它如何让价值规律表现为一种“没有规则性的盲目起作用的平均数规律”,以及价值规律“要求”生产“适合”需求。价值规律的“另一种意义”是指它调节各部门生产按比例发展的趋向。而不是讲决定商品价值的问题