Unexpected changes of itinerary – adaptive functioning difficulties in daily transitions for adults with autism spectrum disorder

Adaptive functioning skills, also known as adaptive behaviours, refer to a multifaceted concept defined as behaviours necessary for age-appropriate, independent functioning in social, communication, daily living or motor areas. In light of the growing population of children with ASD who will eventually become adults, increased understanding of adaptive functioning during the transition to adulthood is of importance, but current research in this area lacks first-hand evidence presenting adaptive skills difficulties among older adolescents and adults with ASD. This article focuses on adaptive functioning skills in daily transitions for adults with Asperger’s syndrome (AS) or high-functioning autism (HFA). It draws on evidence from 12 interviews with individuals on the autism spectrum age 16–43, and 2 focus groups with 8 family members of people affected by ASD. Particular emphasis is placed on impact of adaptive functioning difficulties on well-being and quality of life for adults with ASD. Grounded theory approach has been used to analyse the gathered data. Interviewees reflected on daily challenges associated with unexpected changes in routine, sensory difficulties and social interactions. These in turn had an impact on their adaptive functioning skills by introducing complications in the process of making transitions between different contexts and decreasing interviewees’ ability to tackle challenges of daily life. Importance placed on societal expectations towards meeting bespoken standards and conforming to norms ruling the structure and interactions of daily life were also widely discussed. Frequently such expectations did not allow for factoring in the developmental nature of ASD and related difficulties, which as a result triggered additional complexity in managing daily transitions for adults on the spectrum. Further research addressing adaptive functioning skills in daily transitions for adults with ASD is needed.     

浅析大体积混凝土裂缝产生的原因及控制方法

大体积混凝土的裂缝主要有贯穿裂缝和表面裂缝。贯穿裂缝的产生主要是在降温阶段,而表面裂缝是在升温阶段和因混凝土表面失水干缩的情况下产生。根据裂缝产生的原因,施工中的控制要点为尽量减少混凝土的自身变形。同时,对混凝土的温度差和温度应力实施控制,这可通过确定合理的浇筑方法、适宜的配合比和养护方法来实现。     

企业新计量信息流转模型和新自动计量模型设计与实施的应用研究

文章讨论了基于信息化数据通讯流转原理和现场自动控制理论,研究了冶金制造企业大宗原燃料、成品、半成品和产品新计量信息流转模型和新自动计量模型设计与实施的现代信息流转和自动称量达到自动、稳定、正确、可靠、合理、可追溯的问题,通过在本钢集团公司ERP、EMS系统配套运行和现场轧钢线计量称重实施等线上操作的手段来实现应用研究。解决了企业新计量信息流转模型和新自动计量模型设计与实施的问题,达到了计量信息系统的提出"数出一门,量出一家"和"网络化自动运行"要求,为冶金制造行业解决此类问题提供了新的思路和方法,具有极大的推广和应用价值。     

数控铣削模糊控制系统的研究

为充分发挥数控机床的加工潜力和提高切削效率，作运用模糊控制方法研究了铣削加工过程的模糊自适应恒功率控制系统，并通过计算机仿真验证了控制方案的可行性；设计了系统的硬件和软件：进行了联机实验。实验结果表明，系统工作稳定可靠，平均可提高加工效率达20％以上。     

The effect of adaptivity on the reliability coefficient in adaptive comparative judgement

Comparative Judgement (CJ) is an increasingly widely investigated method in assessment for creating a scale, for example of the quality of essays. One area that has attracted attention in CJ studies is the optimisation of the selection of pairs of objects for judgement. One approach is known as adaptive comparative judgement (ACJ). It has been claimed in the literature that ACJ produces very high reliability, often higher than can be obtained by conventional marking. Bramley showed by simulation that adaptivity can substantially inflate the apparent reliability in ACJ. The empirical study described here compared an adaptive with a non-adaptive CJ study using GCSE English essays. An all-play-all set of comparisons of a subset of the essays allowed the extent of scale inflation to be quantified: the reported adaptive reliability was 0.97 whereas the deflated value was 0.84. The value from the non-adaptive study was 0.72. However, the scale from the non-adaptive study correlated slightly higher with external variables, suggesting the non-adaptive study was no less valid than the adaptive one.     

The Application of an Adaptive Web-Based Learning Environment on Oxidation–Reduction Reactions

The World Wide Web is increasingly being used as a vehicle for flexible learning, where learning is seen to be free from time, geographical, and participation constraints. In addition to flexibility, the Web facilitates student-centered approaches, creating a motivating and active learning environment. The purpose of this study is to set up an adaptive learning environment on Internet and to experiment with the most suitable methods and applications. Our goal is to provide a better solution with regard to the related distance learning research. All the resources and background are from current relevant documents on the theory of asynchronous distance education. We set up an adaptive Internet learning system based on learning theory and related learning models. Our research targets are those students who took the ‘Life Chemistry’ course for the asynchronous distance education environment at Providence University at Taiwan. The students were divided randomly into two groups: the experimental group, which was in an adaptive learning environment and the controlled group, which was in a non-adaptive one. We used the American Chemistry Society Test Bank as our research tool and used SPSS to analyse the data we obtained. Results show that the experimental group in the adaptive learning environment out-performs the controlled group. In addition, those students who are field independent learning types, have higher pre-knowledge, are male, in science departments and have a longer study time span in an adaptive learning environment show much greater achievement levels than those in the opposite situations.     

圆-圆形槽波导结的研究

运用模式匹配法，分析了圆-圆形槽波导结的散射特性．在圆-圆形槽波导结上匹配电场和磁场的边界条件，然后在边界方程两边同乘以圆波导和圆形槽波导的模式方程，得到了散射矩阵方程，结的散射系数可由此方程得出．然后分析了圆形槽波导中放置圆形膜片的散射特性．最后讨论了数值计算结果的收敛性；当选择恰当的模式组时，得到了收敛的数值结果，同时给出了膜片散射系数的频率响应结果．     

泊车机器人障碍物视觉识别系统研究

针对智能停车库中的泊车机器人视觉系统研究需求,提出一种基于双目视觉的泊车机器人障碍物识别系统。通过双目摄像头进行图像采集,利用张正友棋盘标定法进行双目相机标定;采用Bouguet进行立体校正,将高斯滤波与拉普拉斯算子相结合进行图像预处理;采用YOLO卷积神经网络对目标障碍物进行快速识别;利用区域匹配算法进行立体匹配并生成目标障碍物视差图;通过成像点和目标障碍物的立体几何关系计算得到目标障碍物的深度信息。实验结果表明,该系统具有良好的实时性和较高精度,障碍物识别时间平均为0.0901s,在2 600mm具有最佳测距精度,可为泊车机器人自动泊车提供保障。     

脉冲噪声的自适应滤除方法

为了在滤除图像噪声的同时更好的保护图像的细节,文中提出了一种基于非线性自适应滤波结构的改进算法。用中心加权中值滤波算法代替原方法中的中值滤波算法以及中值滤波代替均值滤波作为最终滤波结果输出。这种算法与同类算法相比,具有更好的滤波性能并能更好的保护细节,其效果明显优于中值滤波算法。     

智能多功能仪表管理系统的设计

以高精度基准为参照，采用自适应技术对电压、电流、电阻采样样本进行归一化校准，用数字滤波软件进行后处理，提高了测量的准确度、性价比及抗干扰能力，采用程控增益控制，扩大了量程，同时方便了用户，采用接口保护电路，解决了误接产生的仪表损坏及故障诊断问题。主机采用RS-485与分机联网，能实时地对分机进行监控，并为并网提供了条件。