灵魂的书写与叙述的探险——王宗坤作品述评

王宗坤小说在书写现实生活经验时,能运用大量的鲜活细节和生动场面,展示生活的原生态,抵达生活的本真和人性的真实,形成磁场性很强的生活流,赋予作品以人文理想内涵.其出色的故事叙述能力,在于不断寻求故事与形式的动态平衡,不断进行题材的开掘与叙述的探险.     

‘Salting’: preserving,seasoning, savouring,purifying and transforming through ‘marine adventuring’

ABSTRACT

This article explores, from a personal perspective, ageing and adventure in the context of the outdoor environment. Employing an autoethnographic sensibility, and drawing on fields of positive psychology, life course development, Outdoor and Adventurous Learning, and leisure studies, the paper discusses a range of motivations that contribute to my personal pursuit of a ‘fulfilled life’ now and in the future through ‘marine adventuring’. Adventuring is used to refer to my engagement with challenging physical outdoor activities; but also to my pursuit of learning; and, moreover, in my ‘existential’ quest for meaning. The specific activities under consideration are: seakayaking, SCUBA-diving and sailing.     

Outdoor adventure instructors’ perceptions of nature and their work: a phenomenological study

This phenomenological study explored outdoor recreation instructors’ subjective experiences of the natural world. Participants (N = 21) from two outdoor adventure centres participated in semi-structured interviews about their experiences and perceptions of nature. Thematic analysis revealed eight central themes: (1) Childhood Experiences with Nature; (2) Personal Connection with Nature; (3) Solitude and Connection with Others; (4) Nature as Part of Their Lifestyle; (5) Accessibility to Nature; (6) Awareness of Self, Behaviours and Values; (7) Personal Impacts on Others’ Values of Nature, with two sub-themes Rewards of the Job and Goals of the Job; and (8) Had Another Career Idea. Participants recognized the health-related benefits of nature exposure and enjoyed mediating others’ relationships with nature through their work. Outdoor adventure instructors play a crucial role as conduits to facilitating others’ relationships with nature and associated physical and mental health benefits.     

Promoting resiliency in adolescent girls through adventure programming

This study examined whether participation in an adventure program increased the resiliency of adolescent girls. Eighty-seven girls who participated in Dirt Divas, a non-profit, adventure program, completed the Resiliency Scale for Children and Adolescents^® before and after their experience. Means-comparison tests for within-subjects designs were conducted and revealed that participants reported significantly higher levels of resilience after completing the Dirt Divas program, compared with their pre-program reports. Mixed-model repeated-measures analyses of variance showed that the changes in the girls’ resiliency were not affected by their socioeconomic status. Lastly, the long-term impact results (one month post participation) indicate that observed increases in resilience persist over time.     

试论我国体育产业风险投资退出机制影响因素及其路径选择

在分析风险投资及其特征的基础上,进一步界定了体育风险投资内涵及功能,指出影响我国体育产业风险投资退出机制的主要影响因素在于：1）缺乏风险投资基金;2）风险投资收益不明显;3）缺乏专业人才和中介机构;4）风险投资对经济的贡献不明显。在综合分析欧美风险投资退出路径及其他风险投资退出方式的前提下,针对我国体育产业发展现状,进一步提出我国体育产业风险投资的退出路径在以下两方面：第一、加强二板市场和产权市场建设;第二、培育私人权益资本市场。     

汉唐之际的海上历险故事

渔民、僧人、使者的海上历险是传奇产生的丰厚土壤。由海上漂流所得的见闻有的进入正史,成为海外知识的主要来源之一;更多的经过夸饰与想象,成为传奇小说的重要类型。佛教徒利用此类故事宣扬因果报应、法术灵验等宗教观念;而道教徒则利用此类故事论证神仙可求、仙境实有。海上历险这一情节框架与中土殊方异域的传闻一起,构成了海上乌托邦故事,成为新的时代条件下的彼岸想象,并对后世小说的主题内容产生重大影响。     

Modern pedagogy,local concerns: the Junkyard on the kibbutz kindergarten

This paper focuses on the “Junkyard” (chatzar grutaot) – a unique educational environment and practice developed in kindergartens on the Israeli kibbutz in the 1940s and 1950s, and still in wide use today in kibbutz kindergartens. The Junkyard, consisting of artefacts of the adult world that are no longer in use, is an ever-changing set-up in which children’s free play is encouraged, with minimal rules for use of time, space, objects, and social relations. Anchored in the writings of its two founding educators, as well as in writings of and interviews with its advocates and instructors over the years, this paper shows how the Junkyard drew on widespread ideas about early childhood development and education, at the same time as it responded to local conditions and concerns. The paper argues that a unique conjunction of factors – material and structural, educational and pedagogical, ideological and cultural – facilitated the process by which the Junkyard was inserted relatively smoothly into the kibbutz educational landscape, in lasting ways.     

The adventure sports coach: all show and no substance?

The primary objective of this research was to establish the range of interpersonal strategies, tools and techniques used by adventure sports coaches (ASCs) to influence participants’ actions and behaviours, and to determine where these strategies were acquired. An interpretative approach was employed using semi-structured interviews with a convenience sample of expert paddlesport coaches (n = 4). Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to get close to the data and identify salient topics. Five themes were subsequently identified as fundamental to effective coach–participant interaction: appropriate environment, stories told, knowing the participant, formal training and situational context. The implications are that whilst ASCs have well-developed intuitive social engagement skills, these are not consciously or declaratively employed in coaching sessions, and neither are they used at strategic levels to enhance participant development. Therefore, a multi-layer approach is recommended to help ASCs access and employ these skills that has consequences for the education, training and continued professional development of ASCs.     

四川省高山探险登山山难事故的现状及对策研究

本文采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、归纳总结法、数理统计法等研究方法,对四川省1999～2012年高山探险登山山难事故进行了统计分析,并提出了完善高山探险登山相关法律法规、加强监管力度,加强安全宣传教育、提高专业技能,培养登山向导、加强对其管理,购买专项保险和完善应急救援体系等对策。