知乎问答社区回答者知识贡献行为受同伴效应影响研究

社会化问答社区的出现改变了原有的问答模式并拓展了知识获取的途径。回答者作为知识的主要贡献者,是促进问答社区内知识传递的核心要素。现有关于问答社区用户的研究普遍以用户的属性数据为依据,较少考虑使用个体连接所形成的关系数据进行分析。本文以中文问答社区"知乎"为研究对象,爬取了"流行音乐"和"英语学习"两个话题下的大规模数据,通过构建回答者关注关系网络,定义和量化直接连接和间接连接两类同伴关系,使用网络自回归模型探究同伴效应对知识贡献行为的影响。研究发现,回答者的知识贡献行为会受到直接和间接连接同伴效应的正向影响,但是间接连接同伴效应会随着回答者网络密度的增加而逐渐减弱甚至消失,聚类系数对回答者的知识贡献行为有负向影响。     

Genetic analysis of fruit shape traits at different maturation stages in sponge gourd

The fruit shape is important quantitative trait closely related to the fruit quality. However, the genetic model of fruit shapes has not been proposed. Therefore, in the present study, analysis of genetic effects for fruit shape traits （fruit length and fruit perimeter） in sponge gourd was conducted by employing a developmental genetic model including fruit direct effects and maternal effects. Analysis approaches of unconditional and conditional variances were applied to evaluate the genetic behavior of fruit shape traits at economical and physiological maturation times. The results of variance analysis indicated that fruit length and fruit perimeter were simultaneously affected by fruit direct genetic effects and maternal effects. Fruit direct genetic effects were relatively more important for fruit shape traits at whole developmental period. The gene expression was most active at the economical maturation stage （1-12 d after flowering） for two shape traits, and the activation of gene was mostly due to direct dominance effects at physiological maturation stage （13-60 datter flowering）. The coefficients due to different genetic effects, as well as the phenotypic correlation coefficients, varied significantly between fruit shape traits themselves at various maturation stages. The results showed that it was relatively easy to improve fruit shape traits for industrial purpose by carefully selecting the parents at economical maturation stage instead of that at physiological maturation stage.     

基于学习者学习心理的大学英语教学策略选择研究

近年来,学习者学习心理和语言学习策略一直是大学英语教学研究的焦点。学习者学习心理是学习者对语言学习的心理作用。语言学习策略对提高学习者的学习效率具有极其明显的作用,在大学英语教学中如何利用有效的语言学习策略提高学习效果是对每个教师提出的新问题。本文通过调查探讨了制约大学英语学习效果的因素和良好学习策略的匮乏,旨在研究语言学习策略对大学英语学习效果的影响。     

高职教育引企入校质量监控体系探究

引企入校,开展工学结合教育工作是高职培养面向生产、建设、服务和管理第一线高技能人才的重要环节。目前高职教育在引企入校的过程中出现了各种问题,造成引企入校合作流于形式,合作质量不高。其原因在于,高职院校引企入校前,没有建立较完善的质量监控体系,而构建此体系才是解决问题的良方。     

少林寺旅游开发效应分析

旅游业日益成为国家战略性产业,发展旅游业对地区经济社会有重大效应.对登封少林寺旅游发展的正、负方面的效益进行了分析,指出少林寺旅游开发的积极效应主要包括拉动效应、就业效应、事件效应、影视效应、扩张效应及品牌效应等,消极效应则指文化失真效应、商业过度化效应及环境污染等.据此,提出加强资源的保护、打造少林寺佛教氛围、丰富佛教旅游产品、合理协调保护与开发的度等,促进少林寺旅游可持续发展的对策.     

“实境耦合”人才培养模式成效研究——以青岛职业技术学院软件与服务外包学院为例

"实境耦合"人才培养模式是学院在创建国家示范性高等职业院校艰难探索实践中确立的。在此模式下,软件与服务外包学院运用"实境耦合"人才培养模式理论指导其改革实践,从课程设置到训教方法改革等与企业紧密耦合,把学生放在真实的职业环境中,校企合作共同完成了对学生知识、技能、态度的培养,取得了一定成效。     

“实境耦合”人才培养模式成效研究以青岛职业技术学院软件与服务外包学院为例

“实境耦合”人才培养模式是学院在创建国家示范性高等职业院校艰难探索实践中确立的。在此模式下,软件与服务外包学院运用“实境耦合”人才培养模式理论指导其改革实践,从课程设置到训教方法改革等与企业紧密耦合,把学生放在真实的职业环境中,校企合作共同完成了对学生知识、技能、态度的培养,取得了一定成效。     

民间借贷对中小企业发展的作用分析

中小企业发展所需的资本支持有很重要一部分来源于民间借贷,一定程度上起到了弥补银行信贷不足、支持中小企业经济投资等方面的积极作用,但也容易造成企业发展恶性循环、产业空心化等不良结果。应从培育和建立合法的民间金融服务体系、积极推进利率市场化等方面系统规范和引导民间借贷,使其发挥优势。     

The relationship between exposure to family violence in childhood and post-traumatic stress symptoms in young adulthood: The mediating role of social support

BackgroundExtensive research has examined the relationship between exposure to family violence and its long-term mental health effects. Social support has been found to moderate this relationship, but there is a dearth of research on its mediating role.ObjectivesThe article presents the results of a study on the relationship between witnessing interparental violence and experiencing parental violence during childhood and adolescence on the one hand, and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) during young adulthood on the other. In addition, the article presents results on the role of social support as a mediator in this relationship.Method, participants, and settingA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 516 Israeli university and college students (90.7% female, and 9.3% male; M age = 24.9, SD = 2.7) using a retrospective, self-administered questionnaire.ResultsThe results revealed that exposure to each pattern of family violence (i.e., witnessing interparental violence and experiencing parental violence) predicted higher levels of PTSS. Furthermore, social support was found to partially mediate the relationship between exposure to family violence during childhood and adolescence and current PTSS as well as its four symptoms, i.e., depression, sleep disturbance, dissociation, and anxiety.ConclusionsThe results of the current study highlight the important role of social support in the association between adversities experienced early in life and young adulthood outcomes. The findings are interpreted on the basis of Conservation of Resources Theory (Hobfoll et al., 1990), which served as the conceptual framework for the study. The limitations of the study and implications for future research are discussed.     

发现新型环境有机污染物的基本理论与方法

20世纪以来化学污染物导致的人类健康危害日益突出,数以万计的高生产量化学品伴随着生产和使用进入环境介质,给环境科学相关领域研究提出了若干新的科学问题。文章介绍了发现新型有机污染物研究方向设立的背景和科学意义,讨论了判别新型有机污染物分子结构、环境行为特征的基本原则,阐述了定量结构—性质关系模型预测、疑似目标/非目标分析、效应导向分析方法框架的技术思路和优势。对于新型有机污染物识别、行为和效应的深入探索,将为引领学科方向发展、完善化学品风险评估标准、揭示环境污染物的毒性和健康危害机制发挥重要的支撑作用。