20世纪30年代我国现实主义文艺理论发展的三种理路——冯雪峰、周扬、胡风早期现实主义理论之比较

1933年前后我国左翼文艺界摆脱庸俗社会学的影响,逐渐接受正统的马克思主义现实主义理论,在总结本土化现实主义创作经验的基础上,开始形成中国化的现实主义理论体系,并诞生了第一代马克思主义文艺理论家,其中冯雪峰、周扬、胡风的现实主义理论体系之间存在着明显差异,形成了三种不同的发展理路和传统。     

哲学思辨在生态学中的映射

生态学蕴含着丰富的哲学思想。生态学理论之间的分歧本质上就是实在论与反实在论之间的较量,突出表现在关于群落的有机属性之争、生态系统本体论地位之争和群落形成机制之争。要构建统一的生态学理论,就必须完善生态学形而上学。生态系统的复杂性决定了一种可能的新的形而上学：生态实体的有机性程度取决于生态学研究的尺度,生态系统本质上是偶然的,并且是粗粒化的、历史的实体。     

浅析肃南岩画写实主义风格特征

本文主要从肃南岩画图像中强调特征、夸张的表现、平面造型三方面来论述岩画在塑形方面的表现,以此来以探究肃南岩画写实主义风格的艺术特征。     

Standpoint theory,realism and the search for objectivity in the sociology of education

This paper evaluates the contribution of ‘social realism’ in resolving questions of knowledge and curriculum in the sociology of education. Social realists argue that, in the interests of educational equality, all pupils should have access to ‘powerful’ knowledge produced by specialist intellectual communities. Social realism relies upon a critique of standpoint theory, taking it to be irrealist, relativist and ignorant of the post-empiricist revolution in the philosophy of science. This paper argues however, that social realists fail to appreciate the critical realist response to the post-empiricist revolution and thereby end up critiquing a caricatured version of standpoint theory. The paper concludes that if we are concerned with restoring objectivity, in a manner that avoids both relativism and cultural elitism in school curricula, a turn away from standpoint theory in the sociology of education is not warranted and may be obstructive.     

多种力量的交织与冲突——易卜生长诗《在高原》的伦理现场阐释

长诗《在高原》之所以成为易卜生最杰出的诗歌作品之一,主要在于诗人以主人公身上五种力量的交织与冲突为中心,以“我”的五种伦理身份的纠结为着力点,形成了引人关注而内容丰富复杂的伦理景观以及特别强烈的现场感,展现了一个青年成长过程中所面对的困惑及其体现的悲剧精神.     

浅析小林多喜二的《蟹工船》中的写实主义表现

自2008年"《蟹工船》热"以来,日本近年来无产阶级文学呈现出了一种"复活"的趋势,本文在对日本近代的无产阶级文学发展和小林多喜二及其代表作《蟹工船》进行简单的研究基础之上,重点以《蟹工船》为例,结合小说中对渔工们生活和工作环境描写以及渔工们的形象刻画来分析和研究写实主义表现手法在这篇小说中的具体运用和所起的作用,并且探讨这种手法是如何使这部作品保持着鲜活而旺盛的生命力。     

炮火中的诗意现实——以《北京人》为例对抗战后期曹禺话剧的再认识

抗战爆发后,政治便与文学结下了不解之缘,具有责任感的知识分子纷纷投入到民族救亡的洪流中。曹禺在抗战期间创作了许多与政治救亡紧密相关的抗日救亡宣传剧。抗战进入相持阶段后,整个民族文化心理发生了重要的转变,曹禺也再次回归到了自己的审美天地。本文试图从历史文化和时代政治环境的视角来挖掘曹禺抗战期间话剧《北京人》创作的思想内涵和艺术特质以及它在抗战文学史中彰显出的意义和价值。     

浅析哈利波特系列小说中的价值观

俗话说文如其人,一部优秀的小说蕴含着作者的价值观念,同时还在一定程度上折射了社会的价值取向。风靡全球的哈利波特系列小说亦是如此。本文拟从宿命论、叛逆主义和现实主义角度来探究哈利波特系列小说中体现的价值观念,以及促使其产生的时代背景和文化背景。     

Conflicting goals of educational action: a study of teacher agency from a transactional realism perspective

This study focuses on the different ways in which teachers relate their situational agency and professional assignment to the national curriculum content and curriculum dilemmas. It builds theoretically on transactional realism and empirically on analyses of interviews with teachers, exploring the nature of teacher agency during the enactment of a new Swedish curriculum reform. To uphold a dual perspective of teachers’ relation to the curriculum as both collectively and individually experienced and as both an ideal and realistic–practical relation, we term the future as ‘projective experiences’, the presence as ‘practical-evaluative experiences’ and the past ‘iterational experiences’ in relation to agency. Especially, we are interested in the ‘what’ in the curriculum – what the teachers find intriguing, important or impossible and what affects how they relate to the curriculum as part of the multidimensional structures influencing their agency. This approach reveals that the crucial issue of teacher agency is related to the policy discourse on knowledge and equity as standards and the uniformity of assessment and its pedagogical consequences.     

国际关系中的传统现实主义:渊源、理论观点及评价

传统现实主义理论是国际关系中一种具有久远渊源的主流国际关系理论。该理论产生于20世纪特定的历史环境,并主导国际关系研究近三十年。传统现实主义理论注重揭示国际政治的本质和实际情况,主张从权力和国家利益的角度来看待国际关系。该理论使西方国际关系理论更加系统化、理论化,并对西方国家的外交实践产生了积极影响。但是,正如一枚硬币的两面,该理论也不可避免地存在着缺陷,我们应该吸收该理论中合理的成分以发展适合中国国情的国际关系理论。