当前信息环境下地方社科院图书馆的发展障碍与对策

文章分析了我国地方社科院图书馆当前面临的几大发展障碍,有针对性地提出尝试建立合约性的图书馆联盟管理体制、走"特色兴馆"之路、完善服务功能、着力推行人力资源管理新战略等若干地方社科院图书馆在新的信息环境下的发展思路与对策。     

Loosely‐guided,self‐directed learning versus strictly‐guided,station‐based learning in gross anatomy laboratory sessions

Anatomy students studying dissected anatomical specimens were subjected to either a loosely‐guided, self‐directed learning environment or a strictly‐guided, preformatted gross anatomy laboratory session. The current study's guiding questions were: (1) do strictly‐guided gross anatomy laboratory sessions lead to higher learning gains than loosely‐guided experiences? and (2) are there differences in the recall of anatomical knowledge between students who undergo the two types of laboratory sessions after weeks and months? The design was a randomized controlled trial. The participants were 360 second‐year medical students attending a gross anatomy laboratory course on the anatomy of the hand. Half of the students, the experimental group, were subjected without prior warning to station‐based laboratory sessions; the other half, the control group, to loosely‐guided laboratory sessions, which was the course's prevailing educational method at the time. The recall of anatomical knowledge was measured by written reproduction of 12 anatomical names at four points in time: immediately after the laboratory experience, then one week, five weeks, and eight months later. The strictly‐guided group scored higher than the loosely‐guided group at all time‐points. Repeated ANOVA showed no interaction between the results of the two types of laboratory sessions (P = 0.121) and a significant between‐subject effect (P ≤ 0.001). Therefore, levels of anatomical knowledge retrieved were significantly higher for the strictly‐guided group than for the loosely‐guided group at all times. It was concluded that gross anatomy laboratory sessions with strict instructions resulted in the recall of a larger amount of anatomical knowledge, even after eight months. Anat Sci Educ. © 2012 American Association of Anatomists.     

我国乡镇农校经费保障制度的缺失及其重构

20世纪80、90年代,在我国乡镇农校经费保障制度的初始设计中,乡镇农校的办学经费虽然有乡镇从农村教育事业费附加中提取一定的比例、集体自筹、收取学费、勤工俭学收入补贴等多种形式,但从农村教育事业费附加中提取一定的比例无疑是乡镇农校办学经费的主要来源。进入21世纪,随着我国农村税费改革的推进、农村教育费附加的取消,我国乡镇农校经费保障制度的原有基础已经丧失,需要对乡镇农校经费保障制度进行优化或进行重新设计。     

德国双元制高职教育模式探析——以亚琛应用科技大学双元制电气工程专业为例

德国职业教育素以"双元制"特色闻名于世。"双元制"高职教育首次出现于1977年,其核心特点是以企业为主,把国家承认的某一职业培训与大学专业教育相结合,重视教学与研究的实践导向,重视培养学生的实践能力。这种致力于培养高级应用型人才的教育模式,对当前我国高职教育具重要启示。     

地理与海洋科学实验教学中心的建设与发展

介绍了南京大学地理与海洋科学实验教学中心依托学科的发展与特色、实验教学的地位和作用。基于实验教学管理机制改革、实验室和仪器设备建设、实验教学队伍与教材建设,构建了课程实验教学、野外实践教学和科研能力训练"三位一体"的实验教学体系,取得了一系列显著的教学成果,并被列入江苏省实验教学示范中心。     

加强实验教学示范中心建设,培养创新型人才

介绍了江西农业大学农业资源与环境实验教学示范中心的改革与实践情况。探讨了如何依托省级实验教学示范中心建立创新型人才培养平台、创建创新型人才的培养模式。提出了把科学研究全面渗透到本科教学的思路。     

农科类教学基地的建设与探索

教学基地是高校开展实践教学必不可少的教学资源,是教学质量的条件保障。概述了教学基地的类型和农科类教学基地的发展,并从江西农业大学农科类校内外教学基地建设的指导思想、发展和成果与效果等方面进行了论述。     

隋代山东政治环境及其对农业经济发展的影响

专制社会的政治是帝王政治。帝王个人作为影响整个社会政治环境,而政治环境又影响经济的发展。隋代前后期政治环境的变化,对山东地区农业经济的发展影响深远。隋文帝统治期间,社会秩序稳定,农业经济得到复苏;隋炀帝统治期间,战争不断,苛捐杂税横生,致使民不聊生,农业经济迅速下滑。     

河南省农产品网络直播营销模式研究

网络直播购物是消费者购物的重要渠道。河南省针对农产品开展多种模式的网络直播营销,在取得不错销售业绩的同时也暴露出直播营销在内容、品牌培育和供应链管理等方面存在的诸多不足。只有不断完善、优化网络直播营销模式,才能促进河南省农产品销售,助力乡村振兴战略。     

Uncovering important 21st-century skills for sustainable career development of social sciences graduates: A systematic review

BackgroundTeaching 21st-century skills is widely recognized as an important task of higher education. However, an overview of which skills students need to obtain a sustainable career is missing. Using the Framework for 21st Century Learning (P21, 2019a) and the model of sustainable careers (de Vos et al., 2020), we aimed to take stock of current knowledge on which 21st-century skills are considered important for social sciences students’ sustainable career development and how these skills contribute to their career sustainability.MethodsFor this systematic review, we searched EconLit, ERIC, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS), PsycINFO, Scopus, Sociological Abstracts, and Web of Science on May 28, 2021. We selected peer-reviewed empirical articles that were published between 2003 and 2019 and addressed graduates' and employers' perspectives on the skills needed for social sciences graduates’ career sustainability. Twelve articles met all our selection criteria and were included for a thematic analysis after quality appraisal.ResultsThe included articles operationalized the career sustainability of social sciences graduates mostly in terms of finding a job and maintaining employment, to a lesser extent as high job performance, job satisfaction, and work engagement. Communication and problem solving skills were most frequently reported by both social sciences graduates and employers as crucial for a sustainable career. In addition, critical thinking, initiative and self-direction, and social and cross-cultural skills were also reported as important skills. None of the studies investigated mechanisms that would explain how these skills would exactly contribute to social science graduates’ career sustainability.DiscussionThe results of this review showed that studies to date have addressed only a limited number of career sustainability indicators. Moreover, explanatory mechanisms have largely been ignored. This is an important gap in the literature that future studies would need to address by building on the existing sustainable career development models.