学术期刊编辑的学术不当与不端行为辨析及防范

近年来学术不端问题时有发生,这也是学术界一直在热议和讨论的问题。学术不端不仅发生在作者身上,在编辑身上也存在。本文在分析编辑的学术不当与不端行为的基础上,提出通过加强编辑的质量意识及职业道德建设、制定严格的管理和监督制度、建立诚信档案等约束编辑行为的措施,使编辑真正成为学术质量的守门人。     

无线传输森林防火报警系统

＂无线传输森林防火报警系统＂以分散安装在森林里的火源探测器为基本构成单元,探测器以太阳能电池为电源,由红外火源探测装置和ZigBee构成的无线收发装置等部分组成,以无线方式进行通讯,并通过互联网将火警传送到森林防火指挥中心。为防止信号淹没,保证实现系统功能,给出了通信协议,并实现了通信仿真。     

德国预防幼儿成瘾项目——没有玩具的幼儿园

研究证明,预防成瘾是从幼儿时期开始的一个终身学习过程,幼儿的情感要求如果满足不当,容易引起幼儿对特定物品或行为方式的过度依赖而成瘾。为了预防幼儿成瘾,德国从1992年开始进行预防幼儿成瘾的“没有玩具的幼儿园”项目试验,目前已经在全德国推广。幼儿园与政府教育部门、幼儿园教师培养机构、咨询中心、家长合作,通过为期三个月的没有玩具的活动,在保持快乐的前提下给予幼儿充分的自由时间和空间去发展关系能力、自我信任感、语言能力、创造性解决问题能力等关键生活能力,得到教师和家长的一致认可。     

略论学校教育与青少年犯罪预防

本文简要分析了青少年犯罪特点、犯罪心理以及青少年犯罪在学校教育方面存在的原因。重点阐述了如何完善和改进学校教育,充分发挥学校教育在预防和减少青少年犯罪中的作用。     

关于提高高校师生员工消防安全意识的思考

伴随着高校的不断向前发展,校园规模逐渐壮大,学生人数日渐增多,消防安全工作形势较为严峻。相关资料表明,80％火灾是人为原因造成的,而当前高校师生员工的消防安全意识较为薄弱,如何提高师生员工消防安全意识是在新时期做好预防高校火灾发生的关键环节。     

Impact of degree program satisfaction on the persistence of college students

Many theories on college retention recognize the significance of student satisfaction as a positive factor in students’ persistence. Yet, there are few theories that address the relationship of degree program satisfaction to study behaviour and dropout. This paper explores the impact of degree program satisfaction on academic accomplishment and dropout. The impact of degree program satisfaction was studied within a multitheoretical framework. The results of the study show that student accomplishment not only depends on differences in academic ability but also on degree program satisfaction. Decreased degree program satisfaction appears to diminish both study motivation and study behaviour. The authors discuss some implications for current educational practice.     

小型民用船舶焊接常见缺陷及防治措施

产品质量是企业的生命,良好的船舶建造是保证船舶安全航行与作业的重要条件,小型民用船舶焊接是保证船舶致密性和强度的关键;详细介绍了船舶焊接中几种常见的焊接缺陷,分析了产生原因和危害,并提出防治措施。     

Contextual effects on predicting risk for reading difficulties in first and second grade

This study utilized early reading assessment data from a randomized trial of 210 urban and rural schools in Texas to examine contextual effects on risk prediction in first and second grade. The primary objective was to examine the roles of (a) individual differences, (b) the grade 1 classroom, and (c) the pairing of first and second grade teachers in determining grade 2 outcomes in word reading and fluency. A second objective was to investigate whether the administration format of the assessment (paper, paper plus desktop, handheld plus desktop) or the level of teacher support (web mentoring, no mentoring) moderated the prediction. These moderator variables proved not to be significant. Subsequent analyses found that a combination of student pretest and mean of pretest classroom was a better predictor than student pretest alone. Additionally, the effect of student scores varied by teacher-pair. On average, intraclass correlations (ICCs) ranged from 6% to 17%. Differences in ICCs at the classroom level were much greater than at the school level, and differences in urban schools were twice that of rural schools.     

Medical interventions in the management of hamstring muscle injury

Abstract

Acute muscle belly injuries to the semitendinosus, semimembranosus and biceps femoris (the ‘hamstring’ muscles) remain a common problem in the sporting population. Physiotherapy-led rehabilitation remains the mainstay of treatment, and the physician's input is often minimal. Anecdotally, many different topical, oral and injectable therapies are used around the world in an effort to accelerate the healing of these injuries and to prevent their recurrence. This article reviews the evidence available to support some of the most commonly used medical therapies and the pathophysiological basis for their use. It also presents the evidence behind some of the more promising future treatments for muscle injury, including stem cell therapy, growth factor delivery and potential novel uses of current medication not traditionally used in the musculoskeletal setting.     

我国体育用品制造业贴牌生产的风险与防范

以我国体育用品制造业“贴牌生产”所产生的风险为研究对象,通过对贴牌生产内涵的介绍及我国体育用品制造业状况的研究,指出我国体育用品制造业主要存在追随者的行业定位风险、价值链低端的利润风险、核心技术和市场缺失的竞争力风险、劳动力廉价导致的观念风险、缺乏认同的消费文化风险,并提出了相应的风险防范对策与建议。