中学英语教学中相异构想的成因与纠正

语言学习是一个不断掌握新知识的过程,学生对新知识的理解和掌握是建立在原有知识和经验的基础之上的。然而,有时候由于原有知识的局限性,会与新知识产生;中突,从而阻碍学习者理解和接受新知识。相异构想就是学生原有的知识与科学知识不一致的认识,它对学生学习英语产生较大的负面影响。本文阐述了什么是相异构想、它的成因和特点,在此基础上提出了纠正学生相异构想的建议,以提高教师教和学生学的质量和效果。     

改善和提高参数单侧假设检验教学效果的实践与探索

分析了参数单侧假设检验教学的现状和存在的问题,提出和论证在该部分内容的教学中应注意讲好思想方法、确定好小概率事件和适当介绍参数单侧检验中原假设的确立原则。通过加强这三个方面的工作,以期缓解学生学习的畏难情绪,提高学生的学习兴趣,从而有效改善和提高参数单侧假设检验的教学效果。     

Children's rights,school exclusion and alternative educational provision

This paper examines findings from a recent study in Wales of school exclusion and alternative educational provision. Many, but not all, children in alternative provision have been excluded from school. The most recent statistics reveal that nearly 90% of pupils in alternative provision have special educational needs, nearly 70% are entitled to free school meals (free school meal entitlement is often used as a proxy indicator for poverty in the UK) and three quarters are boys (Welsh Government. 2012a. Pupils Educated Other than at School, 2011/12. Cardiff: Welsh Government). The paper focuses on analysis of findings about young people's experiences of exclusion and alternative provision, and how these experiences may be contextualised within a discussion of children's rights. This analysis suggests that young people's experience is highly variable; that inappropriate curricula are still common, pastoral support uneven and that few opportunities exist for success or re-integration. In the most disturbing examples, young people were found to have experienced physical restraint and the use of isolation as punishment. The paper concludes, therefore, with a proposal for change aimed at ensuring that children's rights are placed at the heart of educational experience in practice as well as policy.     

Lyapunov-based design of locally collocated controllers for semi-linear parabolic PDE systems

The design problem of collocated feedback controllers is addressed in this paper for a class of semi-linear distributed parameter systems described by parabolic partial differential equation (PDE), where a finite number of local actuators and sensors are intermittently distributed in space. A Lyapunov direct method for the exponential stability analysis of the resulting closed-loop system is first presented for the system, in which the first mean value theorem for integration and the Wirtinger's inequality are employed. The corresponding stabilization condition is then derived through the analysis result. Finally, the proposed design method is implemented on the feedback control of a fisher equation and its effectiveness is evaluated through simulation results.     

Information resources estimation for accurate distribution-based concept drift detection

Machine learning applications must continually utilize label information from the data stream to detect concept drift and adapt to the dynamic behavior. Due to the computational expensiveness of label information, it is impractical to assume that the data stream is fully labeled. Therefore, much research focusing on semi-supervised concept drift detection has been proposed. Despite the large research effort in the literature, there is a lack of analysis on the information resources required with the achievable concept drift detection accuracy. Hence, this paper aims to answer the unexplored research question of “How many labeled samples are required to detect concept drift accurately?” by proposing an analytical framework to analyze and estimate the information resources required to detect concept drift accurately. Specifically, this paper disintegrates the distribution-based concept drift detection task into a learning task and a dissimilarity measurement task for independent analyses. The analyses results are then correlated to estimate the required number of labels within a set of data samples to detect concept drift accurately. The proximity of the information resources estimation is evaluated empirically, where the results suggest that the estimation is accurate with high amount of information resources provided. Additionally, estimation results of a state-of-the-art method and a benchmark data set are reported to show the applicability of the estimation by proposed analytical framework within benchmarked environments. In general, the estimation from the proposed analytical framework can serve as guidance in designing systems with limited information resources. This paper also hopes to assist in identifying research gaps and inspiring new research ideas regarding the analysis of the amount of information resources required for accurate concept drift detection.     

无穷大开簇上构型出现次数的强大数律和中心极限定理(英文)

考虑定义在整点格网Ld上的参数为p的上临界Bernoulli渗流,研究无穷大开簇上构型的发生情况.用Λn表示一个给定的构型P在限制于框B(n)=[-n,n]d中的无穷大开簇上发生的次数,得到了关于Λn的强大数律和中心极限定理.     

以频率估计概率的误差估计及其应用

阐述了以频率估计概率的误差估计公式，并举例说明公式在实际问题中的有关应用。     

关于用等价无穷小量代换定理求极限的一个推广命题

对用等价无穷小量代换定理求极限进行了推广。     

Identifying families with complex needs after an initial child abuse investigation: A comparison of demographics and needs related to domestic violence,mental health,and substance use

Families with complex needs related to domestic violence, mental health, and substance use have some of the worst child protective services (CPS) outcomes. Although many of these families are identified during a CPS investigation and subsequently referred to home-based postinvestigation services (HBPS), many are re-reported to CPS, so it is important to understand the postinvestigation experiences of this vulnerable group. Therefore, this study compared families with and without complex needs to understand their uniquedemographics, needs, and postinvestigation outcomes.The sample consisted of 2008 caregivers who received HBPS following an initial CPS investigation. The Family Assessment Form (FAF) was used to measure family functioning in eight domains using a 1–5 scale with higher ratings representing worse functioning. Complex needs were indicated by a mean FAF score of 3 or higher for either domestic violence, mental health, or substance use. Using Pearson chi-square analyses and two-sample t-tests, comparisons were made between families with (n = 836) and without (n = 1172) complex needs. Half of caregivers with complex needs had a history of abuse, 25% had three to five needs, and nearly half had six to eight needs; 90% of caregivers without complex needs had zero to two needs. Furthermore, caregivers with complex needs had higher mean scores for concrete, educational, and clinical needs. These findings highlight the importance of recognizing variation among families referred to HBPS and accurate screening to ensure that families with complex needs are offered and receive services matched to their unique characteristics and needs.     

What About the Hyperlocals?

Using a survey of a sample of hyperlocal actors in Sweden (N?=?178), this article examines preconditions, motivations and sustainability for hyperlocal media operations, outside the traditional media chains, in order to provide a picture of their function in the current media landscape, and to further build on the understanding of the hyperlocal business model. This study extends the hyperlocal definition by including media platforms other than websites. The results show that the operations indeed aim to support and foster citizenship, strengthen democracy and mirror the local community. At the same time, as shown by other studies, the fact that they are not large-scale, highly profitable operations may challenge their sustainability. Nonetheless, most of them claim to be profitable, largely because of the print platform, and have a positive outlook on the future. Revenues from advertising and readership are currently less substantial for Web-based operations, which reinforces the need to broaden the definition of hyperlocal publishing platforms when talking about financial sustainability. Currently, hyperlocal media in Sweden, with small resources and a lower publishing frequency, cannot be viewed as a replacement of established media, but play important roles as complementary alternative voices and contribute to media plurality in the local community.