科学发展视野下的政府间财政关系审视

分税制改革以来,我国政府间财政关系进一步理顺,但仍存在诸多问题。这些问题不仅会影响政府问的关系,而且还会影响整个国民经济的科学发展。贯彻落实科学发展观,需对当前政府问财政关系作出重新审视,按照服务型政府的要求转变政府间财政关系的基本理念,进一步完善政府间财政转移支付制度,规范省级以下政府间财政关系,加强对中央财政和地方财政的监管。     

中国英语学习者英语习得过程中的零主语习失

文章着重阐述中国英语学习者英语学习过程中的零主语初始习失现象（initial unlea-rn-ing）旨在论证在中国英语习得者的中介语中,是否存在零主语的初始习失。研究发现,中国英语习得者的中介语中并不存在零主语的初始习失现象,二语习得者会把母语中的零主语参数迁移到二语的中介语中,而且在所测试的所有句子结构中,这一迁移无一例外地存在。     

The impact of academic patenting on university research and its transfer

This paper contributes to the ongoing debate on the impact of academic patenting on publishing and knowledge transfer. Drawing upon two separate surveys of academics, and their CV information, we provide empirical evidence for UK academics in engineering and physical sciences. The contribution of this paper is two-fold. First, our findings show that (the intensity of) academic patenting complements publishing up to a certain level of patenting output, after which we find evidence of a substitution effect. We also find weak evidence of important differences across scientific fields with the more basic-oriented fields showing indications of a crowding-out effect. Second, our analysis of the potential impact of patenting on knowledge transfer shows a positive correlation between the stock of patents and engagement in knowledge transfer channels. However, we find that a substitution effect sets in, indicating an inverted U-shaped relationship between patenting and several knowledge transfer channels.     

21世纪初中国教师教育的基本走向及对策建议--第三篇:建立发展型教师教育体系,积极推动师范教育转型

21世纪是我国进入全面建设小康社会、全面推进社会主义现代化建设、全面实现社会转型的新时期，也是我国实现工业化，开始迈进知识经济社会、信息化社会并进入世界中等发达国家的新时期。基础教育要适应这种新形势，就要加快全面发展、全面创新、全面实施素质教育的步伐。要适应经济社会和基础教育这种发展的新形势，为基础教育服务的教师教育必须实现战略性转变，即由数量扩张型向质量提高型转变、由单一的知识传授功能向全面功能转变、由低学历层次教育向高学历层次教育转变、由单一的学科专业化向双学科专业化转变。     

Making inquiry-based science learning visible: the influence of CVS and cognitive skills on content knowledge learning in guided inquiry

ABSTRACT

Many science curricula and standards emphasise that students should learn both scientific knowledge and the skills associated with the construction of this knowledge. One way to achieve this goal is to use inquiry-learning activities that embed the use of science process skills. We investigated the influence of scientific reasoning skills (i.e. conceptual and procedural knowledge of the control-of-variables strategy) on students’ conceptual learning gains in physics during an inquiry-learning activity. Eighth graders (n?=?189) answered research questions about variables that influence the force of electromagnets and the brightness of light bulbs by designing, running, and interpreting experiments. We measured knowledge of electricity and electromagnets, scientific reasoning skills, and cognitive skills (analogical reasoning and reading ability). Using structural equation modelling we found no direct effects of cognitive skills on students’ content knowledge learning gains; however, there were direct effects of scientific reasoning skills on content knowledge learning gains. Our results show that cognitive skills are not sufficient; students require specific scientific reasoning skills to learn science content from inquiry activities. Furthermore, our findings illustrate that what students learn during guided inquiry activities becomes visible when we examine both the skills used during inquiry learning and the process of knowledge construction. The implications of these findings for science teaching and research are discussed.     

关系如何影响知识转移?中介效应和调节效应的实证研究

研究认为个体与他人之间的关系对知识转移、企业创新至关重要,但较少有研究探讨这其中的作用机理。分析信任这一构念在其中所起的中介作用,以及知识异质性在这一过程的调节作用,证实:关系越紧密,知识转移活动越多;基于善意的信任和基于能力的信任在关系和知识转移之间有着显著的中介作用;相互间的知识异质性越大,则基于能力的信任、基于惯性的信任越能促进知识转移活动。     

从迁移理论看大学英语教学中的中华文化渗透问题

我国传统的大学英语教学聚焦于对目的语文化的理解和交际能力的提高,从而导致学生对本土文化的失语。从文化的正迁移理论来看,这不仅不利于母语文化的传承,而且不利于目标语言文化的理解。在大学英语教学中渗透中国传统文化,可以促进不同语言文化间的交流与比较,是提升学生跨文化交际能力的有效手段。随着全球化的不断推进,大学英语教学中渗透中国传统文化是中华民族血脉传承的需要,亦是时代发展的需求。     

知识转化视角下民营企业新产品开发集成创新优化机制研究

新产品开发是中国民营企业的一项战略性目标。在知识经济时代,知识转化为新产品开发赋予的内在的动力。集成创新是中国民营企业新产品开发的主要形式。基于我国民营企业的样本数据,借助结构方程模型,经验性地研究解析民营企业知识转化、集成创新、新产品开发之间的相关性,发现知识转化的优化路径,揭示集成创新的优化机理,提出民营企业新产品开发的改进策略。研究结论为中国民营企业新产品开发机制的完善提供现实性的理论借鉴。     

PASS理论在智力落后研究领域中的应用

近年来,智力落后的定义多次修订,智力落后的成因及智力落后者的缺陷究竟在何处,一直是心理学界争论的焦点问题。本文从PASS理论入手,分析了智力落后的成因和本质,揭示了智力落后研究的认知心理学新走向,为今后智力落后研究的进一步深化提供理论参考。     

基于梯度理论的衡郴永承接产业转移的SWOT分析

利用SWOT分析工具分析衡郴永大湘南示范区吸引投资、承接转移产业的内部优S（strength）和劣势w（weakness）,以及外部机遇（opportunity）和挑战T（threat）。根据调研数据以及国内外产业转移的理论和实践,探索使衡郴永大湘南示范区承接产业转移上合理有序措施。