绘画观察谈

绘画观察的目的是为绘画有选择地寻求自然形态中那些具有审美价值的因素，只有运用正确的观察方法才能全面地认识客体。这就需要对客体有选择地、深入细致地进行观察，需要对客体进行整体的及在思维的参与下的观察。同时，要提高主体的主观认识、艺术修养和审美能力，才能更好地把握客体中的审美因素。要了解不同化背景和观念形成的不同的观察方式，才能更有助于绘画的表现。     

有多余坐标完整系统的Hojman守恒量

研究有多余坐标完整系统的Hojman守恒量．给出系统Lie对称性与Noether对称性，Lie对称性与形式不变性间的关系．得到特殊Lie对称性、Noether对称性以及形式不变性导致的Hojman守恒量．举例说明结果的应用．     

基于机械零件设计与制造的网络平台构建

Network manufacturing has been rapidly developed and is going to play an important role in modern industry. The core of network manufacturing of mechanical products is the design and manufacturing based on the computer network technology. A network framework is inuoduced for manufacturing mechanical components at two main levels. On the design level features of the component are initially studied based on the structure and functions of the component. Details of the design procedure and contents are then analyzed with three main kinds of components. In this stage, selection of materials, calculation of stress and deflection under load, determination of the size are carried out using CAD. On the manufacturing level various aspects of CAPP are discussed, including the principle and the modes of positioning the component, the exerted clamping forces, cutting engagement and input parameters, machine tools used, and machining fluids if necessary. Finally a prototype of the network framework is presented with several pieces of data terminal equipment through a local area network, the topological structure, and data sharing and security, without concerning the use of the concurrent engineering techniques and virtual manufacturing, and virtual measuring techniques.     

高等学校院级教学质量保障体系构建的探索--以东北农业大学农学院为例

以东北农业大学农学院为例,对高等学校院级教学质量保障体系进行初步探索,分析影响教学质量保障体系的要素和关键环节,针对教学质量保障体系制定纲要、基本框架、运行流程和具体实施条件,从多个角度不断完善院级保障体系的内容和运行机制,形成院级教学质量保障体系的组织管理、监控和评价系统,并对构建后的体系进行实施和完善,旨在不断提高本科教学质量。     

数据仓库技术

决策分析应用的发展导致了数据仓库技术的出现。数据仓库是用于支持决策分析面向主题、集成、随时间变化的数据集合。数据仓库技术具有巨大的发展和应用潜力。     

An educational framework for participatory action learning and action research (PALAR)

The purpose of this article is to provide an educational, theoretical, and methodological framework for using a special kind of action research, namely PALAR (participatory action learning and action research). This integrated methodology of lifelong action learning (AL) and participatory action research (PAR) has been developed over the past 25 years. It has been proven to be an effective approach to individual, professional, organizational, community (and generally practice) development. PALAR can be instrumental in pursuit of social justice and is well suited for both experienced and beginning researchers interested in researching and improving their own practice. The article illustrates with case examples how this framework has been put into practice for various programs in a variety of fields and countries. The PALAR framework is the basis for a generic program design, structure, and content, and for processes of learning, teaching, assessment, evaluation, and leadership development. It is a systemic and systematic program on how to design, justify, conduct, evaluate, write, and publish research that is particularly useful for community or work-based theses at master’s, professional doctorate, and PhD levels. An original feature of this article is its comprehensive overview and summary of the theory and practice of PALAR for the first time, with references to further readings.     

荧光标记法检测活细胞内游离钙离子浓度的改进

改进了活细胞内游离钙离子浓度的测定方法，即用惰性基体纳米微球包埋荧光染料，将荧光纳米微球转运进细胞，用于细胞内游离钙离子浓度的实时测定。该方法与传统方法相比，染料不易泄漏，不会出现分室现象，不易光漂白，是一种非常有实用价值的测量活细胞内游离钙离子浓度的方法。     

对科技文献信息共建共享建设的思考

本文提出科技文献信息共建共享框架体系,从协作、存储和技术三个层面探讨在建设过程中需要考虑资金投入与利益分配、存储模式,以及主要技术等方面的问题.     

中国精准扶贫的区域治理思想解析

中国精准扶贫精准脱贫方略的伟大实践促进了区域贫困治理思想的不断完善。本文在总结个体扶贫与区域扶贫的辩证关系、贫困区域与区域贫困治理需求的基础上,基于中国精准扶贫实践中的具体做法,系统梳理了贫困区域治理思想,旨在丰富精准扶贫理论体系,为中国的乡村振兴战略实施及全球2030年减贫目标的国际行动提供参考。主要结论为：区域贫困治理思想包括贫困空间分异、贫困区域开发策略和贫困区域管理3个方面,与精准扶贫方略服务于精准扶贫的“精准识别、精准帮扶、精准管理”,为精准扶贫提供了理论基础与实践工具;依据贫困区域在空间上呈现显著差异和空间分异特征,以此划分出贫困县域类别、村域类别,并把脱贫难度大、贫困县集中的地区划为集中连片特困地区;基于资源学、地理学等学科的区域开发与发展理论,形成了以东西协作对口支援、农业农村优先发展以及因地制宜分类施策组成的区域贫困开发策略;依据贫困区域的鲜明层级体系,构建了“贫困县—贫困村—贫困户”扶贫对象体系和退出考核评估机制,以及“中央统筹、省负总责、市县抓落实”的工作机制组成的贫困区域管理手段。     

基于XML的信息组织与处理：2．应用技术

本文介绍基于XML的基础数据与应用文献标记、地数据及知识体系标记、基于XML的应用领域信息处理与交换框架建设，并分析XML在图书情报领域中的应用以及XML对图书情报领域的挑战。