智障儿童情绪识别特征的理论解释与具身干预

智障儿童的情绪识别能力存在基本情绪识别困难、各类识别任务表现不同、情绪加工方式偏好和特定性综合征差异四个主要特征.在解释智障儿童情绪识别主要特征时,传统认知理论的认知-智力局限假说和情绪特异性假说均孤立地看待身体与大脑,属于身心二元论.具身认知理论则强调身体及所处环境在情绪识别中的重要作用,从情绪体验、情绪刺激和加工方...     

学生宿舍人脸识别考勤系统设计

为规范学生宿舍管理,保障学生人身安全,采用人脸识别技术,结合目前通用的软件开发方式与数据库技术,基于云服务器数据处理和移动设备终端,设计开发一套智能化学生宿舍考勤系统。该系统可有效解决现阶段高校学生宿舍考勤难的问题,相较传统考勤管理方式,新方法将考勤效率提升约 50%。基于人脸识别的学生宿舍考勤系统可有效提升学生宿舍考勤管理效率。     

Dyslexia and second language reading: A second bite at the apple?

An unexpected and remarkable preference for second language reading among some dyslexics has been noted, presenting a challenge to accepted theory on dyslexia and the capacity for second language learning. The current study was designed to examine this phenomenon by systematically looking at the differential reading scores in the first and second languages of reading-disabled young Swedish adults who claimed to prefer reading in their second language (English). Three groups were selected for study: a group of 10 reading-disabled young adults who prefer to read English; a second group of 10 reading-disabled with no special preference for second language reading, matched on word recognition efficiency, age group, gender and educational level and a group of 10 normal readers matched on age group and educational level. The test battery was designed to compare overall reading efficiency in English and Swedish and therefore encompassed both speed and accuracy measures. The battery covered seven phonological measures, four orthographic measures,three isolated word reading measures, two continuous text reading measures, a comprehension task and an author recognition task. All tasks were carried out in both English and Swedish. The results showed that two dyslexic groups differed significantly in the degree to which task performance, including reading efficiency, was impeded by the English format. A tentative hypothesis was forwarded as to how the exceptional and unexpected facility with English might be explained.     

宁夏大学生社会主义核心价值认同状况调查分析

宁夏大学生对社会主义核心价值认同状况的调查结果显示,大部分学生对社会主义核心价值高度认同,但部分学生存在不同程度的认同缺失,体现在认知、情感、行为三个方面。影响宁夏大学生社会主义核心价值认同缺失的原因主要包括教育因素、社会因素以及民族文化和宗教因素。     

论建国以来我党对商品经济和市场经济的认识历程

我党对商品经济和市场经济的认识,一直是放在与社会主义的相互关系中来把握的。按照对其认识的进程划分,主要经历了三个阶段:即对立阶段、统一阶段和确认市场经济是社会主义经济体制的阶段。这一认识进程表明,我党是一个善于把马克思主义的基本原理与中国具体建设实际相结合、不断接受实践检验、不断总结实践经验的政党,是一个勇于理论创新、坚持与时俱进的政党。     

基于模糊支持向量机的语音情感识别

根据输入样本对分类结果不同的影响程度,引入模糊隶属度,探讨了模糊支持向量机(FSVM)原理,并将其应用于汉语语音信号中生气、高兴、悲伤、惊奇4种主要情感类型的识别。仿真实验结果表明FSVM比支持向量机(SVM)有着更好的分类性能和更高的识别率。     

The role of planning in outdoor adventure decision-making

ABSTRACT

This article explores the influential role of planning on recognition-primed decision-making. Considerable prior thinking occurs and there is a need to trace and account for the cognitive processes that precede and guide decisions in dynamic outdoor environments. Seven expert leaders from four countries were interviewed about memorable decisions made on outdoor journeys with an educational focus on land, sea and ice. Four stages of planning were identified: (1) long-term preparation; (2) formal leadership meetings; (3) day-by-day planning on route and (4) thinking immediately prior to the event. The stages sequentially capture the planning progression, illuminating the cognitive processes at each stage to culminate in option selection. In each decision situation, planned goals and actions were implemented through the creation and re-creation of micro-plans. As windows of opportunity presented themselves, the flexible execution of plans was a key feature. Planning provided the solid bedrock upon which decisions were made.     

论《还乡》中的场景描写

角色-背景理论起源于心理学,以突显原则为基础.后由认知语言学家用来分析文学作品.大量的场景描写是哈代《还乡》中一个与众不同的特点.论文从背景-图形的视角对《还乡》中的一些场景描写进行分析,为读者对作品的意境、氛围的理解和感知提供新的视角.     

Differential effects of phonological priming on Chinese character recognition

We report two experiments investigating the effect of phonological priming on the recognition of two types of Chinese characters: compound targets which contain separate radical components; and integrated targets which do not contain separate radicals. We used a masked priming paradigm with varying prime-target exposure durations. In Experiment 1, phonological priming effects on compound target recognition were found following a 50 msec SOA. However, there was no evidence of phonological priming on integrated target recognition at this SOA. In Experiment 2 we investigated the time course of phonological priming effects at three prime-target SOAs (30, 50 and 80 msec) in a between-subjects design. Semantic priming effects were also investigated. Phonological priming effects on compound target recognition were found following the 50 msec and the 80 msec SOAs. However, there was no evidence of phonological priming on integrated target recognition at any SOA. Semantic priming effects on both compound and integrated target recognition were found in the 50 msec and the 80 msec SOA conditions suggesting that phonological and semantic activation are co-incidental during compound character recognition. We conclude that character type constrains the activation of phonology during Chinese character recognition.     

The effects of first language orthographic features on word recognition processing in English as a second language

This study investigated the possible effects of first language (L1) orthographic characteristics on word recognition in English as a second language (ESL). Case alternation was used to examine the impact of visually distorted words of different types on fluent ESL readers' word recognition in naming. Visual distortion of word shape (i.e., cAsE aLtErNaTiOn) was utilized because, although visually distorted words have lost word-shape cues, they preserve the cue value of words (i.e., spelling patterns). It, therefore, was hypothesized that if one is sensitive to alphabetic orthography, or if one's inner mechanism of processing an alphabetic word is efficient, then the visual disruption of word-shape cues should not affect one's sensitivity to sequences of letters in words. In other words, this study focused on the magnitude of the effect of case alternation in word recognition as an index of the sensitivity to alphabetic words. Results showed that the magnitude of the case alternation effect in a naming task was significantly larger for the ESL participants whose L1 is not alphabetic (i.e., Chinese and Japanese) than the ESL participants whose L1 is alphabetic (i.e., Iranians -- Persian as L1). This result seems to indicate that the Persian speakers, due to the facilitating influence of their L1 orthography, were less influenced by case alternation than the Chinese and Japanese speakers, whose L1 orthographies are not alphabetic. This finding suggests that the first language orthographic features affect the orthographic coding mechanisms (i.e., word recognition mechanisms) in a second language.