Worn Grooves

Drawing from visual, material and written archival sources, this article critically explores some of the functions, uses and perceived values of recorded sound during the First World War and in its aftermath. An instrument of communication as well as commemoration, the gramophone helped bridge geographical (and, in some cases, cultural) distances between the home front and the rear, providing civilians with the fleeting illusion of presence, proximity, or even sentimental communion with the front. The article analyses (a) the affective and connective, but also propagandist, values of commercial wartime recordings as they circulated between the home and the front, (b) the popular notion of gramophones as regulatory instruments of civilisation, (c) the commemorative exploitations of recorded sound in the interwar period. The article focuses on the British experience, contrasting it with examples drawn from French and German experiences.     

The Formation of Swedish Media Studies, 1960–1980

Around 1960, the politics of the emerging media society in Sweden tended to fixate the formative functions of mass communication. The monopoly of public service broadcast media, press subsidies and new tendencies in film policy were some of the issues around which uncertainty prevailed. New methods to provide reliable data were sought by politicians, since empirical facts were required as arguments for an updated media policy. This article examines the different ways that the field of media studies was introduced in Sweden between 1960 and 1980. We argue that Swedish academic media studies departed from, and emerged within, a rather diffuse borderland between industry, politics and academia. The formation of national media research in Sweden can partly be seen as an effect of politicians and the media industry wanting to be better informed on issues such as media influence, media ownership and the habits and composition of the media audience.     

The “Free Press” of Unionized Journalists and Students

This paper outlines a history of the union organizing of the American Newspaper Guild at Thomson Newspapers’ Peterborough Examiner in Canada from 1968 to 1969. It examines the communication tools that union members used to facilitate this labor organizing and “bite back” at the profitable Thomson chain. Peterborough newsworkers went on strike from November 1968 to April 1969 over union recognition. During the strike, the union members built an unprecedented alliance with Ontario university students, collaboratively launching a strike newspaper called the Peterborough Free Press. Expanding on the concept of temporary labor convergence, this paper considers how strike newspapers can be seen as a form of alternative journalism that newsworkers use as a campaigning tool to communicate their struggles to the public and put pressure on news corporations to bargain with them. This case study is situated in the local institutional contexts of labor relations at the Peterborough Examiner and the news industry in Peterborough, where Thomson Newspapers had a media monopoly. It is based on labor standpoint and signal juncture analyses of union archival documents and newspaper content. The research ultimately suggests that newsworkers should not only focus on communication tools but also build bridges with community members.     

河南省图书馆古籍文献档案的开发利用研究

本文以河南省古籍文献档案资源开发为研究对象,对河南省图书馆古籍文献档案资源的开发手段和开发重点进行分析,提出古籍文献档案资源的收集整理、宣传、人才培育和挖掘整理特色文献等措施,为我国图书馆进行古籍文献档案资源开发提供借鉴.     

建国以来我国数学课程与教学的历史发展及启示

建国以来,随着社会的发展,我国数学课程的目标、内容、数学教学的理念都在不断发展,逐渐形成了自己的特色。数学课程与教学改革应当坚持与发扬我国数学课程与教学的优势,正视与改进其不足。改革成功的关键在于正确处理一些关系,把握平衡。     

王安石翻案诗的政治解读及其诗史意义

王安石好作翻案诗,早期的翻案诗多在立意上翻新,包括转移视点执其一端立论和推陈出新两种主要方式。这一类翻案诗多为咏史诗,"有所为而为"的写作态度使之精深峭拔,最见荆公襟怀,必须结合王安石的政治关怀和当时的政治背景来解读此类诗作,泥于字句很容易与原旨产生偏离。王安石晚期的翻案诗创作多为诗法翻新,主要包括反用前人诗意及典故、章法上的推倒扶起和句法上的前后反覆三个方面。此类诗为宋诗新变指出了一条新的门径,以往文学史研究多强调荆公体或半山体对唐诗的回归,对此多有忽略。     

新中国17年图书馆学成人教育的历史回顾与思考

新中国成立后的17年(1949—1966年)间图书馆学成人教育是新中国图书馆学教育的重要构成部分。文章将这一时期图书馆学成人教育划分为三个阶段,采用历史研究法对各个阶段图书馆学成人教育的相关政策、课程设置、师资队伍、教育管理、教学方法及成就等进行回顾和评论。认为新中国17年图书馆学成人教育发展为新中国培养一大批专业人才,新时期图书馆学成人教育要向继续教育和高层次教育转变。     

我国书院教育的性质与精神探幽

作为我国古代高等教育机构的书院有着悠久的历史.解析中国古代书院发展的兴衰史和书院教育的性质及古代高等教育存在的两个基础:本体基础和社会基础.书院存在的生命力在于学术自由的精神及其对社会需要的适应,这是书院精神的核心.也是中国古代高等教育存在的基石.     

中美教育技术学专业发展对比研究

本研究选取中国华南师范大学教育技术学专业与美国印第安纳大学教学系统技术系作为中美教育技术历史发展的两个特殊样本,运用"事件路径"研究法对两个特殊样本进行深入分析与对比,力求历史与逻辑的统一,旨在揭示二者自身发展及其背后的历史动因与时代背景的差异,以期对我国教育技术学专业发展和学科建设有所借鉴和启示.     

博古学研究与欧洲近代早期自然史的复兴探析

博古学者对史料的搜集和整理,为后世史学家的深入研究提供材料,并使古希腊、古罗马时期探究事物的根本方法,即自然史在近代欧洲再次盛行。随着自然史的复兴,历史研究开始对知识本身有更深刻的诉求。博古学者借用自然史的方法,质疑古代作品的真实性,将实物史料中蕴含的经验知识纳入历史研究的范畴。学者们提高了对事实的敏感度,想象和虚构也变得不再容易,开始与古典史学那种修辞、演讲的功用有了明显的区分。