中文古籍数据库建设与参考咨询服务

文章指出高校图书馆一是有必要加大古籍电子文献收藏力度;二是要对中文古籍数据库及网络信息资源做全面调查、宣传,并提供良好的链接,为学校中文教学、科研提供多层次、多模式的参考咨询服务.     

图书厄运史

由于社会原因,中华图书文献经历了15次重大的劫难.通过对"书厄"的剖析,昭示我们以史为鉴,跳出恶性循环的怪圈.     

画史即画学--邓以蛰书画美学及其方法论意义

邓以蛰指出中国绘画理论具有"画史即画学"的特点和民族特色,他的书画美学研究也始终贯穿着这个主导思想.他认为,历史是人类精神生活的写照,艺术发展的历史也就是审美意识发展的历史.因此,他的书画美学思想,无论是范畴研究,还是理论结构的展开,都密切地结合艺术史的发展来论述,由此也构成了他自己美学思想的显著特色,在20世纪中国美学研究领域里形成独特的研究方法,为我们确立了一种崭新的范式.     

波斯庄问题质疑--与蒋华先生商榷

近年来,波斯庄历史成为伊朗学者关注的问题.根据古代文献、考古资料和实地考察,笔者认为唐代来华波斯商人大多并不是来自波斯本土真正的波斯人,而是来自中亚的东伊朗语居民.波斯庄不可能是唐代波斯商人登岸聚居和经商之地.波斯庄佴姓也不是波斯侨民后裔.尽管人们对波斯庄名的起源有各种不同的解释,但它与波斯本土没有任何直接的联系.     

邓小平对新时期中共历史学的贡献

邓小平为新时期中共历史学的发展重新确立了科学的指导思想;丰富了中共历史学基本理论和方法;拓展了中共历史研究的领域和视角.     

论闻一多先生关于古籍整理"三项课题"的思想

在从事古籍整理的过程中,闻一多先生形成了自己的献整理观。他认为整理古代献必须完成“三项课题”：第一,说明背景;第二;诠释词义;第三,校正字。这三既各自独立又相互联系。他的主张阐明了古籍整理工作的重点及程序,有助于推动献学科的现代化。     

Domesticated Animals on Exhibit at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 1900–1928

In 1905 the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University began planning for a new domesticated animals exhibition in honor of the 100th anniversary of the birth of its founder Louis Agassiz. The resulting displays of variation and heredity in poultry, pigeons, rabbits, mice, and guinea pigs proved surprisingly popular to museumgoers. Some of these specimens still exist in the museum’s storage facilities, namely a series of poultry donated by the biologist Charles B. Davenport and an elaborate set of guinea pigs from the experimental evolutionist William E. Castle. Situating these domesticated animal displays within academic and popular cultures of poultry fancying, animal breeding, and evolutionary science reveals how a nineteenth-century museum known for its ties to anti-evolutionary principles attempted to modernize its public exhibits.     

美国民俗生活中心口述文献的采集与利用

[目的/意义]推动我国图书馆的口述文献采集工作，提升我国图书馆口述文献利用服务水平。[方法/过程]通过网络、文献、邮件等方式，对美国国会图书馆下属的美国民俗生活中心进行全面调研，对其开展的退伍军人历史、职业民俗、民权口述历史调查和洛马克斯家族等典型项目进行介绍总结，在此基础上分析该中心开展口述文献采集与利用的经验。[结果/结论]分析结果认为，该中心积极利用数字技术与平台、探索多元化采集模式、加强与社会组织合作、设立各种基金与倡导捐款、尊重参与者合法权益等做法和经验，对我国图书馆界具有一定的借鉴意义。     

The historian activist and the Gift to the Nation project: preserving the records of the Australian Red Cross

ABSTRACT

In 2014, as part of their centenary celebrations, the Australian Red Cross initiated a project in which it transferred archives to various national, state and territory institutions across Australia including the University of Melbourne Archives and the State Library of New South Wales. The transfer of this voluminous (but not complete) collection built on earlier transfers of archives to the State Library of South Australia and the Australian War Memorial. This paper charts the origins of the plan to donate the records to public repositories. It interrogates the societal provenance of those collections, recognising that the pluralising of records is an historical process, in which the agency of archivists, historians and administrators must be understood. An investigation of Red Cross records in Australia exposes that process in its contingency, inertia and, ultimately, enthusiasm. The paper also reveals the challenges faced by voluntary organisations in preserving their records, and how historians and archivists both can benefit from assisting such organisations. Finally, this paper argues that the ‘Gift to the Nation’ project, with its national and international significance, reflects a shift in our understanding of the First World War to a transnational paradigm that recognises the important role of voluntary organisations.     

射箭全球史试探:丝绸之路考古所见两种角弓考释

综合运用文献研究与考古文物资料分析相结合的方法,辅以射箭运动的基本训练学规律与传统弓箭制作之田野实证,对新疆地区两种出土角弓进行考释。得出如下结论:弓弰翻卷的连弧蛇形角弓是斯基泰人基于骑马游牧的传统、野兽崇拜的心理、便利的北山羊角取材,在继承了亚述三角弓“翻卷的弓弰”设计理念后的革故鼎新;弓渊宽阔,弓弣微凹的插接型长弰角弓起源于公元前2世纪的帕提亚帝国。随着丝绸之路的贯通,交流频度与交流速度的激增使该器形迅速为整个欧亚大陆的民族所复刻。其中,中华文明赋予了其最重要的文化内涵,使原本用于战争的武器有了超越物态的“礼”的象征意义。