精英循环理论视野下的科举制度研究

有效的精英循环是任何社会政治稳定的必要条件。中国古代科举制度为我国封建社会的稳定提供了一条有效的精英循环渠道。中国2000多年的封建社会中只存在王朝的更替而没有制度改变的原因,正是由于其科举制度只是部分的解决精英循环的问题。科举制度在强化国家功能,圣化封建体制等方面为中国封建社会的稳定起到了重要的支撑作用。     

试论湖笔文化的内涵

湖笔是以发源于湖州并以传统的湖笔生产制作工艺生产制作，具有尖、齐、圆、健等四大工艺特色且以“湖”（湖州）字冠称的毛笔。“湖笔文化”和“湖笔文化研究”，是“世界文化”－－“中国文化”－－“中国物产文化”－－“中国笔文化”下的一个分支课题。研究“湖笔文化”需要从物质文化、精神文化和制度文化三个子系统或三个层面进行探讨，从而发现和把握它的内涵。湖笔物质文化包涵特殊的原料、器械、工艺、工人等；湖笔精神文化主要指“湖笔”的属性认识、工艺流程 、形制标准、美学追求；湖笔的制度文化涉及制笔行业的协调、联络，以至管理、领导的组织和有关的制度。     

双CPU在控制系统中的应用

从最简单的硬件和软件设计角度分析双CPU在多I／O应用系统中的实施方法，讨论了双CPU系统的可靠性和灵活性。     

Development of a competency mapping tool for undergraduate professional degree programmes,using mechanical engineering as a case study

Mapping the curriculum of a professional degree to the associated competency standard ensures graduates have the competence to perform as professionals. Existing approaches to competence mapping vary greatly in depth, complexity, and effectiveness, and a standardised approach remains elusive. This paper describes a new mapping software tool that streamlines and standardises the competency mapping process. The available analytics facilitate ongoing programme review, management, and accreditation. The complete mapping and analysis of an Australian mechanical engineering degree programme is described as a case study. Each subject is mapped by evaluating the amount and depth of competence development present. Combining subject results then enables highly detailed programme level analysis. The mapping process is designed to be administratively light, with aspects of professional development embedded in the software. The effective competence mapping described in this paper enables quantification of learning within a professional degree programme, and provides a mechanism for holistic programme improvement.     

欧洲外语能力评价体系及其对我国外语教学的启示

欧洲语言能力评价体系以外语学习者的交际语言能力为评价对象,采用“能做”描述,其评价理念和方式对中国传统的外语教学模式和评价方式产生了冲击。以中外联合培养项目的外语教学为例,通过分析欧洲外语评价方式的特点,阐述借鉴欧洲外语能力评价体系改革外语教学可能性。     

地质学实验教学课程体系改革的探索

地质学为一级学科专业,知识体系庞大,教学实验内容众多。本文在讨论地质学知识体系的基础上,提出现有的教学实验可归纳为观察实验、分析(测试)实验和综合实验三大类,同时结合本系的实验室条件,探讨了实验课程开设与教学实验平台建设的关系。     

基于Web的面向缝纫机的设计专家系统的研究与开发

本文提出了基于Web的面向缝纫机的设计专家系统.对Web技术应用于专家系统的可行性进行了分析,并介绍了基于Web技术的面向缝纫机的设计专家系统的体系结构和推理机以及知识库的实现方法等.本文在专家系统中应用Java技术来对工业平缝机进行设计,采用基于实例的推理技术,生成满足条件的机构系统设计方案.     

计算机分析系统的发展趋势

本文讨论了计算机分析系统的发展趋势,注意力集中在软件发展方面所见到的情况,把新的硬件发展和计算机分析系统结合起来,提出了软件研究人员与计算机硬件设计人员之间的相互促进关系和市场因素对建立分析系统的未来趋势有重要影响.     

Increasing the uptake of peer feedback in primary school writing: findings from an action research enquiry

This article reports on how an action research strategy was used to increase children's uptake of feedback during peer assessment in primary school writing. Several different strategies were used in the study that had been successful in increasing students’ uptake of peer feedback in contexts such as higher education. In order to evaluate how successful these actions were, several different data collection methods were drawn upon to triangulate findings including children's work, observations, informal interviews and mind mapping. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data generated. Findings are consistent with those from research in other settings which suggest that pupils make better use of feedback if: it is task-involving and useful; there is sufficient time given for them to act on it and discuss it with their peers; and they are asked to reflect on how it has been used to improve the quality of the assessed work.     

美国传统名校是怎样捍卫学术诚信的——普林斯顿大学本科生学术规范管理制度评述

普林斯顿大学本科生的学术规范管理非常富有特色,这体现在其强调学生自律的管理理念、严格而细化的管理规范、科学的管理程序与对学术失范行为实施公开惩处等方面.普林斯顿的学术规范管理使该校本科生从入校起就接受严格的学术规范教育,逐渐认同并自觉身体力行学术规范与要求,从而使优良的学术传统能在普林斯顿大学代代相传,成为后代学人学术不断产出的重要基础.