The metamorphosis of medical discourse and embedded cultural rationality: a content analysis of health reporting for neurasthenia and depressive disorder in China

Neurasthenia (shenjing shuairuo) and depressive disorder are medical issues that have given rise to disputes in China for more than 20 years. Since the 1980s, the once ubiquitous diagnosis of neurasthenia in China was rapidly substituted by depressive disorder in the clinical context. Globally, the metamorphosis from neurasthenia to depressive disorder heralded the triumph of scientific rationality, which identifies neurasthenia as a categorical fallacy. In China, however, neurasthenia retained social and cultural significance; thus, it has become a contestable discourse in relation to depressive disorder. By examining the health reporting of both discourses over a decade, this study explicated how neurasthenia and depressive disorder were represented in a popular health newspaper in China. The content analysis showed that neurasthenia is a more culturally and everyday embedded discourse closely associated with Chinese medicine and laymen’s discourse, while depressive disorder is more associated with Western medicine and the professional discourse. The differentiation of two sets of medical discourse evinces that despite the ostensibly prevailing scientific rationality in media health reporting, cultural rationality is deeply embedded in communicating mental health issues with the lay public. It further suggests the significance of investigating the social and cultural expression of mental illnesses in China.     

基于注意力分析的主动学习教学过程改进实践

主动学习帮助学生保持注意力并提升课堂参与度,从而提升教学效果.教师在实践主动学习教学时面临的一个主要的问题是如何评价主动学习教学活动是否保持了学生的注意力,从而改进主动学习教学过程.针对该问题,"离散数学"课程组开发了面向主动学习的注意力分析系统,并以此为基础进行了主动学习教学过程改进实践.通过将主动学习教学过程注意力...     

中国足球联赛失序的信任学追问

针对中国足球联赛在04-05赛季出现了混乱与失序,试从信任的角度,以追问的形式来解释造成这种状况的社会性原因。通过对“何为信任”的回答来说明信任的概念以及“信任在足球联赛发展中的作用是什么”,以此来揭示信任在联赛发展中的重要性;通过回答“中国足球联赛信任缺失的表现在那些方面和信任缺失的根源在那里”,来阐明目前中国足球联赛信任缺失的现状及原因;恢复球迷信任以及解决联赛失序问题的建设性意见则在“重塑中国足球联赛信任的措施有那些”的答案里面。     

关于注意规律及其在体育教学中的运用分析

从心理学相关理论入手,阐述了注意的内涵与外延,注意的特征以及有意注意与无意注意在体育教学中的联系,提出了避免学生在体育教学中注意力分散的方法,并就体育教学中如何培养学生良好的注意品质作深入探讨。     

长江下游航标失常的影响因子量化分析

以长江下游某段水域10年的航标失常统计数据为实例,运用灰色系统理论中的灰色关联分析方法,建立长江下游航标失常数与其影响因子之间的关系模型,探讨主要影响因子对航标失常的作用,为航标失常机理及预防的深入研究打下基础.     

大学生创伤后应激障碍的发生特点及教育的启示

近年来,大学生心理障碍、心理危机事件的发生率呈快速上升的趋势,加强对大学生心理健康问题的研究具有现实意义。本研究以辽宁省三个城市医科院校大学生为样本,探讨大学生创伤后应激障碍的发生特点,并为大学生心理健康工作提供教育建议。     

Stress,Adaptive Coping,and Life Satisfaction

The authors examined the relationship between stress, adaptive coping, and life satisfaction among college students who reported having a friend or family member with eating disorder symptomatology. A hierarchical regression confirmed the study's hypotheses. Higher stress was linked with less life satisfaction. After stress was controlled, plan coping had a beneficial influence on life satisfaction. College counselors can use these findings when choosing interventions for clients who are close to someone with an eating disorder.     

Pedagogically bereft! Improving learning outcomes for children with foetal alcohol spectrum disorders

Foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is the most common non‐genetic cause of learning disability, affecting around 1% of live births in Europe, and costing an estimated $2.9 million per individual across their lifespan. In adulthood, non‐reversible brain damage is often compounded by secondary disabilities in adulthood, such as mental health problems and drug addiction. The challenge for today's educators is: ‘How do we teach children with FASD?’ Their unusual style of learning and their extreme challenging behaviour is out of the experience of many teachers. This article, written by Professor Barry Carpenter, OBE, National Director of the Specialist Schools & Academies Trust Complex Learning Difficulties and Disabilities Research Project, considers the status of FASD in the UK, and provides an overview of the author's recent research into effective educational strategies within the framework of Every Child Matters. Only government‐led approaches can lead to improvements in the quality of teaching and learning for children with FASD and their future life chances.     

关于足球裁判员注意力的几点思考

分析了足球裁判员在比赛执法过程中注意力的发生和发展情况，并结合注意的基本涵义和基本活动规律，就如何培养足球裁判员的注意力进行了探讨。     

Eating disorder prevention initiatives for athletes: A review

A substantial amount of evidence suggests that collegiate and elite athletes involved in weight-sensitive sports are at greater risk of developing eating disorders (EDs) than the general population. With the limited effectiveness of treatment for EDs, prevention of EDs has been broadly considered in the literature. The present paper reviewed the existing literature on ED prevention programmes for athletes in order to determine the current status of prevention programmes and recommend future directions. The available literature suggests that selective, primary interventions with multiple targets and an interactive multimodal approach appear most effective. Current challenges in the field, including lack of longitudinal research, hesitation by the sport community to be involved in ED research and poor cross-field communication and collaboration, are also explored. The lack of dissemination of evidence-based prevention programmes and the simultaneous promotion of prevention programmes that have not yet been empirically examined are also discussed. Based on these observations future directions are recommended.