When screens replace backyards: strategies to connect digital-media-oriented young people to nature

Abstract

Children’s connection to nature (CTN) is declining with each generation, a concerning trend given that CTN is positively linked to wellbeing and environmentalism. A primary cause of this decline is that twenty-first-century youth engage with screens for several hours each day, which to a large extent replaces nature-based play. Researchers have proposed that this change represents a transition in human orientation, particularly in Westernized societies, from nature (biophilia) to digital media (videophilia). Interventions promoting nature-based play must acknowledge digital-media use as a competing leisure pursuit, but the literature presents little guidance for designing programs that will attract young people who are more oriented toward digital media than nature. Drawing on a wide breadth of research, we address this gap through (1) exploring the implications of videophilia for nature-based programming and (2) summarizing recommendations from a narrative literature review for designing interventions that appeal to digital-media-oriented youth.     

Unexpected changes of itinerary – adaptive functioning difficulties in daily transitions for adults with autism spectrum disorder

Adaptive functioning skills, also known as adaptive behaviours, refer to a multifaceted concept defined as behaviours necessary for age-appropriate, independent functioning in social, communication, daily living or motor areas. In light of the growing population of children with ASD who will eventually become adults, increased understanding of adaptive functioning during the transition to adulthood is of importance, but current research in this area lacks first-hand evidence presenting adaptive skills difficulties among older adolescents and adults with ASD. This article focuses on adaptive functioning skills in daily transitions for adults with Asperger’s syndrome (AS) or high-functioning autism (HFA). It draws on evidence from 12 interviews with individuals on the autism spectrum age 16–43, and 2 focus groups with 8 family members of people affected by ASD. Particular emphasis is placed on impact of adaptive functioning difficulties on well-being and quality of life for adults with ASD. Grounded theory approach has been used to analyse the gathered data. Interviewees reflected on daily challenges associated with unexpected changes in routine, sensory difficulties and social interactions. These in turn had an impact on their adaptive functioning skills by introducing complications in the process of making transitions between different contexts and decreasing interviewees’ ability to tackle challenges of daily life. Importance placed on societal expectations towards meeting bespoken standards and conforming to norms ruling the structure and interactions of daily life were also widely discussed. Frequently such expectations did not allow for factoring in the developmental nature of ASD and related difficulties, which as a result triggered additional complexity in managing daily transitions for adults on the spectrum. Further research addressing adaptive functioning skills in daily transitions for adults with ASD is needed.     

Word stress production in three‐year‐old children at risk of dyslexia

We investigated Dutch word stress acquisition in 3‐year‐old children at risk of dyslexia (children with at least one parent or older sibling with reading difficulties) and normally developing children, in order to shed light on language acquisition delays in children at risk of dyslexia, as well as to investigate further phonological deficits in dyslexia. The children had to repeat non‐words with stress patterns varying in regularity. Both the at‐risk and control children performed better on imitation of regular stress targets and worse on irregular and prohibited stress patterns. However, the at‐risk children showed more difficulty imitating irregular and prohibited patterns, and had lower percentages phonemes correct than the control group. The results can be interpreted as a delay in word stress acquisition in the at‐risk group. The findings thus point towards a phonological deficit early in language development.     

ADHD: The Untold Truths of the ADEP (Australian Deficit in Educational Policy)

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a disorder that predominantly results in behaviours associated with hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention that are frequently not conducive to successful learning and academic performance. Children who display these behaviours often require extra assistance, adjustments, and accommodations in the classroom in order to achieve their full potential. This article reviews Australian and New South Wales Discrimination, Disability and Education legislation, policy and procedures with respect to the education of students with ADHD. This review illustrates the need to standardise the definition of disability used throughout Australia, and to more firmly clarify an education provider’s responsibilities toward students with disabilities. With more clarity, students with ADHD will be provided with the additional educational and behaviour support they need in order to realise their full potential.     

论医疗责任事故中的违反注意义务标准

“违反医疗中的注意义务”是医疗过失的本质。违反注意义务的判断标准在刑法理论上分歧较大。英美法系存在着客观说与主客观统一说之分,大陆法系存在着主观说、客观说、折中说之分,而中国刑法学则存在着主观说与主客观统一说之分。通过对医疗过失中违反注意义务标准的比较研究,提出客观注意的主观化标准学说。     

关于厂长(经理)离任经济责任审计的探讨

本文就如何处理离任审计的矛盾、把握审计的内容、注意审计的方法及其他一些相联因素等方面进行探讨。从可操作性、可借鉴性出发，给出了在离任审计中的一些具体处理方法与技巧，供大家探讨。     

企业推行全面预算管理应注意的几个问题

预算管理是企业对未来一定时期内的收入和支出做出的计划，在编制预算时要把销售收入、成本费用、现金流量作为重点，编制出切实可行的单位预算。为了使预算管理工作更完善，企业预算管理工作要建立单位、部门行政主要负责人责任制，预算分解落实到人，制定严格的奖罚制度。     

教育首先要讲科学

本文针对中小学教育的现状,通过生理、心理的科学分析,阐明教育首先要讲科学,不仅要遵循学生身体的发展规律,更要遵循学生心理的发展规律,那些违背规律的做法是极其有害的,是需要引起重视并加以纠正的。     

基于市场的信息注意力构建

市场机制对信息具有必然的效应要求，本文对信息注意力的含义和表现方式进行了论述，研究了信息效应的建设原则，阐明了信息注意力就是信息效应的反映和信息价值的认同。     

浅谈表演技巧在播音主持专业的应用

针对播音主持专业的特点,在应用体验派表演艺术基本理论的基础上阐述了播音主持与表演的联系,论证了主持人也同样需要进行表演基本技巧的训练,根据表演的基本技巧对播音主持专业的表演课程进行设置,摸索出一些适合于播音主持专业的表演练习。