文学主体性命题及其理论蕴涵读解

文学主体论是刘再复80年代文学思想的总体归宿。文学中的主体性原则要求在文学活动中恢复人的主体地位,以人为中心,为目的。从主体性哲学基点出发,主体论倡导者认为文学活动是一种自由精神的存在方式。必须注意到的是,刘再复的主体性学术思想存在着严重的理论缺陷。文学主体性命题的根本蕴涵在于对个体主体性的确证和伸张;同时,它也指向对文学自主性的诉求。这具有一定的历史价值和意义。     

The Anthropology of Meaning

Meaning is one of the recent terms which have gained great currency in mathematics education. It is generally used as a correlate of individuals' intentions and considered a central element in contemporary accounts of knowledge formation. One important question that arises in this context is the following: if, in one way or another, knowledge rests on the intrinsically subjective intentions and deeds of the individual, how can the objectivity of conceptual mathematical entities be guaranteed? In the first part of this paper, both Peirce's and Husserl's theories of meaning are discussed in light of the aforementioned question. I examine their attempts to reconcile the subjective dimension of knowing with the alleged transcendental nature of mathematical objects. I argue that transcendentalism, either in Peirce's or Husserl's theory of meaning, leads to an irresolvable tension between subject and object. In the final part of the article, I sketch a notion of meaning and conceptual objects based on a semiotic-cultural approach to cognition and knowledge which gives up transcendentalism and instead conveys the notion of contextual objectivity.     

"苦向丛林觅小诗"--"贾岛现象"的背后

本文从中国文化主体性弱化和封闭性的角度,探讨了贾岛"苦吟"生涯和诗歌意象的选择,说明了 "贾岛现象"历史生成的文化层次上的原因。     

试论接受学习中学生的主体性回归

学生的学习在很大程度上还是接受学习，在接受学习的过程中同样要充分发挥学生的主体性。本文在分析了接受学习中学生主体性表现的基础上，解析了当前接受学习过程中学生主体地位缺失的原因，并从学生和教师两个方面提出了在接受学习中回归学生主体地位的对策建议。     

论社会历史发展进程的客观必然性与主体选择性

发展是自然、人和社会三位一体的发展,它既是客体运动的过程,也是主体构成的过程.社会历史的发展既有客观必然性又有主体选择性,是两者有机结合、和谐作用的结果.而社会历史的最终选择仍然取决于社会物质的现实状态及其发展趋向.     

论真理的主观性

真理主观性是指在被认定为真理的理论体系中包含着与它所指称的客观对象不相符合的、属于主观臆想的内容。真理主观性以真理量的存在为前提。真理主观性的形成有着深刻的本体论、认识论和价值论的根源。承认真理在内容上具有主观性,既不违背真理唯物论的原则,又可以加深对真理辩证法的理解。     

The academic career: a study of subjectivity,gender and movement among women university lecturers

Changes in the higher education system have resulted in increased demands on effectiveness and marketisation. These demands have changed what it means to do academic work. In this study, 19 female academic lecturers have been interviewed in order to get them to reflect upon their opportunities and conditions in career. The aim is to analyse how this specific group manoeuvres; that is their 'becoming subjectivity' in academic career. This means an interest in analysing their locations, positions as well as their material and discursive conditions. The results show how many see teaching as important in career, but also as a trap that restrains them in their chances of research advancement. Several express that a lot of teaching drain the time and energy needed for other opportunities in career. There are also a few who experience teaching as a place where people actually collaborate more than compete and find alternative career strategies. Even so, these women appear caught in their careers, which can relate to gender, and to the experience of ‘incapacity’ to find directions in a more competitive structure.     

素质教育实施的两个关键点

素质教育的主体是教师和学生，因此，素质教育必须以人为本。实施素质教育的关键在于提高教师素质和构建学生主体性两个方面。只有高素质的教师，才能培养出高素质的学生；只有构建学生的主体性，才能提高学生的整体素质。