“三位一体”大学生心理危机干预体系初探

大学生心理危机干预是新时期高校思想政治教育工作的一个重要组成部分。结合近年来国内外危机干预的理论与实践,提出"学校-院(系)-班级、公寓"三位一体的大学生心理危机干预体系,并探索通过三级危机干预中心的运作实施大学生心理危机干预,即危机的预防性干预、危机的咨询与治疗性干预和危机的应急干预。     

Effect of a distal protection device on epicardial blood flow and myocardial perfusion in primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Objective: The beneficial effect of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been well established, but there is the problem of no-reflow phenomenon which is an adverse prognostic factor in primary PCI. In the present study the effect of a distal protection device (PercuSurge GuardWire; GW) on epicardial blood flow and myocardial perfusion was evaluated. Methods and Results: Patients with AMI were randomly divided into 2 groups, the GW and the control groups. The GW group included 52 patients with AMI who underwent primary PCI with GW protection and the control group included 60 patients who underwent primary PCI without GW protection. Epicardial blood flow in the infarct-related artery (IRA) and myocardial perfusion were evaluated according to the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade and the myocardial blush grade (MBG). We found TIMI score of 3 was obtained significantly more frequently in the GW group (96%) than in the control group (80%). The MBG score of 3 was obtained also significantly greater in the GW group (65%) than in the control group (33%). Conclusion: Primary PCI with GW protection can significantly improve epicardial blood flow and myocardial perfusion.     

基于学校的儿童多动症综合干预

多动症是学龄儿童发病率最高的心理行为问题之一.基于学校的综合干预是由临床心理医生、心理教育研究人员、学校教师和家长分工合作,共同参与,主要在学校和家庭实施的,以认知行为辅导为主、药物干预为辅的干预模式.由于充分发挥了医、教两方面的优势,这一模式不仅能有效改善多动症的核心症状,还能对儿童各方面产生了良性引导,并能够建起较...     

试论在场主义散文的创作特征

在场主义散文是20世纪90年代以来不可忽视的散文流派。文章通过在场主义理论的几个关键词＂介入＂、＂本真＂、＂后现代主义＂来探讨其散文创作的主要特征,从而就如何看待这一文学现象提出思考。     

如何在行为的意义上理解教育

在行为学意义上,教育是关怀性的干预,即爱的干预,是教育者对受教育者发出的基本行为。这里的爱不是普通意义的,而是一种生产性的爱。好教育是关怀性、策略性的干预,即爱智的干预。在认识上,从教育到好教育,是一个从爱开始不断加入智的过程。如果说爱是教育的原动力,那么智就是教育的促进力,能促使教育走向好教育。     

江西省孤独症儿童社会支持体系构建的研究

孤独症是一种广泛发展障碍性疾病,其主要特点是社会功能障碍、人际交流障碍、行为和兴趣刻板,是严重危害儿童身心健康,并影响家庭、社会功能的一种新型疾病。国内外经验提示,对抗孤独症,仅仅靠孤独症患者及其家庭努力远远不够,必须要有政府和社会各方面的参与和重视,并尽快构建有效的社会支持体系。在广泛调查分析基础上,结合江西省实际情况,提出了孤独症儿童社会支持体系构建的策略和方法,首次提出"孤独症儿童三级立体式社会支持体系模型",这一开创性研究成果对孤独症康复事业的发展有积极的理论、实践和政策参考意义。     

有氧运动干预对大学生身体素质的影响

通过文献资料法、测试法和对比法,以山西大学商务学院2009级40名身体素质较差的学生作为研究对象,对在耐力、跳远和肺活量表现较差的实验组学生,采用健身操和越野跑两个阶段的有氧运动干预进行研究。研究结果显示：实验组的学生运动干预前和运动干预后身体素质发生了明显变化,特别是耐力方面,尤为突出,而对照组的成绩则无明显变化。     

Teaching science skills and knowledge to students with developmental disabilities: A systematic review

A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to identify current practice on teaching science to students with intellectual disability (ID) and/or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in relation to two review questions—students' science outcomes and students' and teachers' experiences of the interventions. Six databases related to education, psychology, and science were systematically searched. A detailed protocol can be viewed on PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42017057323). Thirty studies were identified that reported on science interventions and 20 on student/teacher experiences of the interventions. The majority of the studies targeted science vocabulary and concepts. Other targets included inquiry skills and comprehension skills. The majority of the interventions used components of systematic instruction (n = 23). Five studies focused on self-directed learning and two on comprehension-based instruction. Students and teachers reported positive experiences of the interventions. The findings suggest that components of systematic instruction in particular might be effective in teaching science content to students with ID and/or ASD. Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of identified interventions on teaching more complex science skills and with students with severe disabilities. Some limitations related to the search strategy are highlighted.     

Interventions supporting baccalaureate achievement of Latinx STEM students matriculating at 2-year institutions: A systematic review

Numerous national reports have identified the importance of significantly improving pathways that begin with Latinx students enrolling in 2-year institutions and ultimately completing baccalaureate degrees in STEM fields at 4-year institutions. Many programs using multiple interventions have been designed, implemented, and studied to achieve this goal. To synthesize what has been learned from studies of these programs, this article presents a systematic review of published studies of programs designed to support Latinx student success in 2-year institutions and successful transfer to 4-year institutions, particularly for STEM majors. A total of 49 quantitative, 9 qualitative, and 16 mixed-methods studies published as reports, articles, or dissertations since 1980 were identified that met the criteria for the review. Studies covered a wide range of interventions, including mentoring, counseling, advising, study groups, tutoring, scholarships, orientations, career services, undergraduate research, articulation agreements, and transfer programs. Individually, these studies report positive influences on student success outcomes, including 2- and 4-year graduation, transfer to a 4-year institution, retention, and success in individual courses. However, the number of qualifying studies was surprisingly small, considering the importance of improving success of Latinx students and the length of time during which the problem has been repeatedly emphasized. Few interventions have been undertaken from explicitly assets-based perspectives or theoretical frameworks. The lack of explicit frameworks underlying interventions—combined with a sole/primary focus on students—suggests many interventions were approached from a deficit-based perspective. Further, the study found no pattern of replication studies that might confirm effectiveness of potentially promising interventions. Based on our analysis of evaluations presented in the studies, it does not appear that the research community has developed agreed-upon methods to evaluate commonly agreed-upon outcomes. Finally, no intervention has been sufficiently supported that widespread implementation could be recommended.     

‘I'm ready for a new chapter’: The voices of young people with autism spectrum disorder in transition to post-16 education and employment

This study explores the views and experiences of 12 young people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in transition to post-16 education and employment, in light of the changes introduced by the new special educational needs and disability (SEND) legislation in England. The extension of provision until the age of 25, and the introduction of person-centred education, health and care (EHC) plans, have given a significant place to the views of young people with SEND and their families. The views, wishes and aspirations of young people must be captured in the newly developed plans, reflecting the statutory requirement for local authorities to systematically record these in a biopsychosocial way, focusing on participation and well-being. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with young people with ASD attending specialist settings or receiving specialist support under the new EHC plans. These were analysed inductively, through thematic analysis. The findings suggest that at the time of transition, young people with ASD want to become increasingly more independent, present ambivalent feelings about their future and acknowledge the relevance of support systems in their lives. Implications for practice and future research are discussed, in light of the new English policy context.