Unexpected changes of itinerary – adaptive functioning difficulties in daily transitions for adults with autism spectrum disorder

Adaptive functioning skills, also known as adaptive behaviours, refer to a multifaceted concept defined as behaviours necessary for age-appropriate, independent functioning in social, communication, daily living or motor areas. In light of the growing population of children with ASD who will eventually become adults, increased understanding of adaptive functioning during the transition to adulthood is of importance, but current research in this area lacks first-hand evidence presenting adaptive skills difficulties among older adolescents and adults with ASD. This article focuses on adaptive functioning skills in daily transitions for adults with Asperger’s syndrome (AS) or high-functioning autism (HFA). It draws on evidence from 12 interviews with individuals on the autism spectrum age 16–43, and 2 focus groups with 8 family members of people affected by ASD. Particular emphasis is placed on impact of adaptive functioning difficulties on well-being and quality of life for adults with ASD. Grounded theory approach has been used to analyse the gathered data. Interviewees reflected on daily challenges associated with unexpected changes in routine, sensory difficulties and social interactions. These in turn had an impact on their adaptive functioning skills by introducing complications in the process of making transitions between different contexts and decreasing interviewees’ ability to tackle challenges of daily life. Importance placed on societal expectations towards meeting bespoken standards and conforming to norms ruling the structure and interactions of daily life were also widely discussed. Frequently such expectations did not allow for factoring in the developmental nature of ASD and related difficulties, which as a result triggered additional complexity in managing daily transitions for adults on the spectrum. Further research addressing adaptive functioning skills in daily transitions for adults with ASD is needed.     

Infrared Absorption Spectra of Serpentine Cat＇s Eye from Sichuan Province of China

Infrared （IR） absorption spectra and X-ray powder diffraction （XRD） patterrns of sexpenfine cat＇s eye from Sichuan Province have been investigated, and infrared absorption bands of the serpentine have been assigned in this paper. The results indicate that the bands near 3 600 - 3 700 cm^-1 belong to the stretching absorption band VOH, the bands in 948 - 1 100 cm^-1 axe assigned to the stretching vibraling band Usvo, and the bands at 600 570 and 440 cm^-1 respectively belong to the bending vibration band VOH, δMg-O and δSi-O. The serpentine cat＇ s eye includes two types： chrysotile and antigorite. Chrysotile has a sharp and intensive band at 3 688 cm^-1 and a weak band at 3 643 cm^-1 , while antigorite has only one intensive band in the region. At vibration band VSi-O, chrysotile and antigorite have a similar feature at 1 071 cm^-1, but the band at 980 cm^-1 in anfigorite has been split into two bands in chrysotile - a strong one at 1 027 cm^-1 and a weak one at 949 cm^-1. In addition, antigorite has a characteristic bending vibrating band δMg-O at 570 cm^-1. Based on the analysis of the feature of crystal structure, their IR differences axe well explained.     

ADHD: The Untold Truths of the ADEP (Australian Deficit in Educational Policy)

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a disorder that predominantly results in behaviours associated with hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention that are frequently not conducive to successful learning and academic performance. Children who display these behaviours often require extra assistance, adjustments, and accommodations in the classroom in order to achieve their full potential. This article reviews Australian and New South Wales Discrimination, Disability and Education legislation, policy and procedures with respect to the education of students with ADHD. This review illustrates the need to standardise the definition of disability used throughout Australia, and to more firmly clarify an education provider’s responsibilities toward students with disabilities. With more clarity, students with ADHD will be provided with the additional educational and behaviour support they need in order to realise their full potential.     

聚偏氟乙烯与无规-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯相容性的研究

本文证明了PVDF与at-PMMA共混物中两者之间非常弱的相互作用 .随着PVDF质量分数的提高 ,共混物显示出更为异相的性质 .通过红外光谱的示差扫描技术 ,减去共混物谱图中PVDF和at-PMMA的谱图 ,显示在高PVDF含量时 ,υc=o吸收峰向低波数移动 ,表明它们之间的相互作用存在于PMMA的羰基和PVDF的H原子之间 .接触角测量表明随着PVDF含量的提高 ,膜的憎水性增强 .当PVDF的含量超过 30 % (质量 % )时 ,对水的接触角大于 90° ,显示了优异的憎水性 .但是 ,膜可以被正己烷完全润湿 ,因而对正己烷的接触角测量不到     

论元代《文筌》的古文鉴赏观

元代文论专著并不丰富,有特色之论更不多见,陈绎曾的《文筌》却是一部较为有个性的批评专著,其中《古文谱》和《古文矜式》对古文的创作、风格、鉴赏都有集中的论述,代表着元代古文批评的价值取向。     

天然甘蓝食用色素化学稳定性研究

蔬菜花色素是天然食用色素中的一个主要类别,属水溶性色素.甘蓝色素是蔬菜花色素中新近开发的一种.本文测定了甘蓝色素吸收光谱和其在溶液中呈现红紫色的适宜酸度条件,观察了不同pH对该色素的影响和这些添加剂存在下它的光照稳定性.为甘蓝色素的开发应用提供了依据.     

基于学校的儿童多动症综合干预

多动症是学龄儿童发病率最高的心理行为问题之一.基于学校的综合干预是由临床心理医生、心理教育研究人员、学校教师和家长分工合作,共同参与,主要在学校和家庭实施的,以认知行为辅导为主、药物干预为辅的干预模式.由于充分发挥了医、教两方面的优势,这一模式不仅能有效改善多动症的核心症状,还能对儿童各方面产生了良性引导,并能够建起较...     

光纤布里渊散射光谱教学实验系统设计

布里渊散射是光纤通信原理课程讲解过程中涉及到的一个非常重要的非线性效应。鉴于理论复杂、学生难于理解的教学现状,利用国家高技术研究发展计划(863)建设的光纤传感创新平台,设计了一套光纤布里渊散射光谱演示实验系统,便于学生形象直观地学习。给出了具体的实验系统、实验操作过程以及实验结果,并对比了4种光纤的布里渊散射频谱图。该实验系统在教学中取得了非常好的效果。     

地板时间疗法在自闭症儿童功能性情绪发展中的应用

地板时间疗法是DIR的核心方法,其评估和干预模式的重要依据——功能性情绪发展能力包含六个基本阶段和三个进阶阶段的情绪发展阶段指标,这些阶段指标持续强调让儿童建立愉快的情绪体验和有意义的人际情感关系,将自闭症儿童刻板的行为举止转化为有意义的沟通内容,进而鼓励他们主动沟通,产生认知学习和逻辑思考的内容。     

氢氘原子光谱实验最优参数的确定

为了获得了清晰的氢氘原子光谱谱线,首先确定了对光谱谱线有影响的负高压及狭缝宽度2个实验参量。先选定氢原子的一条谱线,在一定的负高压下,通过改变狭缝宽度来获取不同组光谱谱线,经分析得到理想的狭缝宽度范围。在该范围内选取几条狭缝宽度,分别通过改变负高压来得到理想的最优参数组。实验发现,对于不同的波长最优参数组参数不同,因此又用同样的方法对其他的谱线进行了探究,找到不同谱线的公共最优参数区间,最终获得了清晰的氢原子光谱谱线。