基于动态分阶势场法的船舶自动避碰系统

为使船舶在多船避让环境下适应航行环境的变化并自动复航,提出基于动态分阶势场法的船舶自动避碰系统。该系统基于动态势场避障规划算法,利用模糊综合评价法量化船舶碰撞危险度;依据《国际海上避碰规则》确定本船在不同会遇局面下的避让行动,并据此对斥力势函数进行调整。该系统将本船的避碰过程划分为航迹保持、避让和复航3个阶段,根据不同阶段的要求构建动态分阶势场;利用动态分阶势场法对船舶的航行环境进行建模,进而生成恰当的航向指令;利用自动舵产生舵角指令控制船舶完成避让、复航和航迹保持。仿真结果表明:该自动避碰系统可以引导船舶完成既定的避让行动,并能使船舶在安全会遇距离上驶过;该系统可以适应航行环境的变化,且具备航迹保持能力。     

Transforming,storing and consuming athletic experiences: a coach’s narrative of using a video application

The analysis of sport performance in competitive contexts has become synonymous with the use of a range of software applications and hardware e.g. heart rate monitors and gps systems. With the prevalence of technology in mind, a small but growing corpus of literature has begun to consider this phenomenon and its influence upon the coaching process. This study adds to this literature by detailing the autoethnographic experiences of a case study coach; Derek. A contextualised and richly described narrative account of Derek’s experience of using coaching applications is provided. Analysis of Derek’s narrative suggests that technology can be a useful means by which individuals make sense of their experience. Specifically, (1) technology can be a ‘ready-to-hand’ instrument that enhances the coaching process. Unfortunately, (2) technology may become the only and ‘calculative’ means by which individuals come to understand their performance. In such instances, it is important to note that (3) the videos we use to understand our performance are transformed and incomplete representations of lived athletic experiences. Thus, Derek’s story illustrates how technology can be both an enabler and barrier to athletes who wish to holistically understand their own lived experiences and engage in coach-athlete relationships. The accompanying analysis draws upon concepts from Heideggerian philosophy to add insight into the use of technology within the coaching process. In so doing, the study prompts coaches to critically view their coach-athlete relationships as situated in a wider world which contains, and can be mediated by, technology. In addition, Derek’s story (re)directs researchers and coaching practitioners interested in technology to a useful literature (philosophy of technology) which may further inform their understanding of coach-athlete relationships.     

大学英语写作中逻辑错误分析及对策

通过对湖南中医药大学非英语专业学生的两篇习作的研究表明：在纠正学生写作中所犯的逻辑错误方面,相比教师反馈,同级反馈效度低。因此,教师在对学生习作进行反馈时,尤其要指出学生逻辑思维方面的漏洞,以提高他们的逻辑思维能力,从而从根本上提高学生的写作应用能力。     

基于语义矩阵的图像检索相关反馈技术

针对基于语义网络的图像检索中的过反馈问题,本文提出了将语义网络转换为语义矩阵,采用基于多用户相关反馈的投票机制,可有效地克服过反馈.在此基础上提出了一种新颖的新图添加策略和处理语义向量查询的有效方法,最后指出了还需进一步研究的问题.     

仿真软件在自动控制原理课程教学中的应用

介绍了Matlab仿真软件在自动控制原理课程中的应用,分别从数学计算、图形绘制和硬件系统搭建三个方面介绍该软件的功能。Matlab仿真软件具有功能强大、形象直观、通俗易懂易掌握等优点,可提高实验效率,弥补传统实验场地、设备受限的不足,充分调动学生的学习积极性,并激发学习的兴趣。     

Evaluating effects of atmospheric CO2 on stability of global climate: a cell-to-cell mapping approach

Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration [CO2], incoming solar radiation and sea ice coverage are among the most important factors that control the global climate. By applying the simple cell-to-cell mapping technique to a simplified atmosphere-ocean-sea ice feedback climate model, effects of these factors on the stability of the climatic system are studied. The current climatic system is found to be stable but highly nonlinear. The resiliency of stability increases with [CO2] to a summit when [CO2] reaches 290 μL/L which is comparable to the pre-industrial level, suggesting carbon dioxide is essential to the stability of the global climate. With [CO2] rising further, the global climate stability decreases, the mean ocean temperature goes up and the sea ice coverage shrinks in the polar region. When the incoming solar radiation is intensified, the ice coverage gradually diminishes, but the mean ocean temperature remains relatively constant. Overall, our analysis suggests that at the current levels of three external factors the stability of global climate is highly resilient. However, there exists a possibility of extreme states of climate, such as a snow-ball earth and an ice-free earth.     

基于车辆自动定位系统数据的地面公共交通运行时间可靠性分析(英文)

为了给公交线路车辆调度提供重要参数及给公交运营管理和居民公交出行提供决策依据,应用车辆自动定位系统数据对公共交通运行时间可靠性进行了分析. 基于对公共交通运行时间的统计分析,提出变异系数、分布宽度、运行速度、堵率、规划时间、预留时间等 6 个指标,构建了公共交通运行时间可靠性评价分析框架. 苏州市某公交线路实例分析结果表明,所提出的评价指标体系简单直观,能有效反映该线路公交车辆运行的效率和稳定性,且公共交通运行时间可靠性具有随不同时段变化的特征.     

植物自花授粉的类型及其适应性进化

综述了植物自花授粉的方式和类型,分析了自花授粉的生态适应性、可能的进化趋势及其影响因素.自花授粉是指两性花中雌雄蕊之间的授粉,通常也包括同株异花间的授粉.植物按授粉方式可分为自花授粉植物、异花授粉植物和常异花授粉植物3类.在自然界很少有绝对自花授粉的植物,都存在一定频率的异交,根据其自交发生的时间,可将自交分为3种方式:优先自交、竞争自交和滞后自交.自交进化的假说主要集中在两个方面,即繁殖保障和自动选择优势,并已得到广泛的数据支持.分子生物学和生态学相结合的研究方法将进一步揭示植物自花授粉的形成与进化机制.     

放大反馈在篮球技能教学中的应用

放大反馈是篮球技能教学中的一个重要方法。结果认识反馈、操作认识反馈、感官反馈是放大反馈的分类。放大反馈为篮球技能教学提供指导的最佳时机、频率并提供定性、定量和纠正错误的指导;同时也可以结合计算机技术和录像提供指导。     

技能信息反馈在射箭训练中的应用

对射箭运动训练中信息反馈方法的作用原理,及其具体应用等方面进行论述,对射箭训练中信息反馈的特点,以及如何增强反馈效果的具体途径和方法等方面进行了探讨,认为给不同层次水平的运动员提供正确的反馈信息对于他们掌握技术动作、及时调控训练过程、提高运动成绩都具有重要的意义。