Developmental changes (14–21 years old) in binge drinking patterns and their explanatory factors / Cambios evolutivos (14–21 años) en los patrones de ingesta puntual de alcohol en exceso y en sus factores explicativos

Abstract

In order to design prevention programs, it is important to understand the evolution of drinking behaviour patterns among adolescents and young people. The aim of this paper is to analyse the changes in these patterns based on age and their role in explaining this behaviour in the Theory of Planned Behaviour framework. We used 273 participants divided into three sub-samples (3^rd and 4^th ESO [Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, ‘Compulsory Secondary Education’] students and university students). For older ages, the frequency of binge drinking is higher and the attitudes were also more positive towards alcohol consumption. Structural equation analyses show that drinking behaviour is explained by a different model in each age-group: in older groups, the role played by positive attitude and perceived control is more important than in the younger; by contrast, the influence of reference groups decreases with age. Results show significant differences between age groups regarding the reasons that young people report for engaging or not engaging in this behaviour.     

The usefulness of motivational interviewing as a consultation and assessment tool for working with young people

Previous case‐study research has explored the efficacy of motivational interviewing (MI) as a therapeutic approach for supporting young people in schools. This article considers how MI may additionally be used as an assessment and consultation tool for ascertaining the needs of disaffected young people and identifying appropriate support strategies. Here, the approach is used with three pupils aged 13–15 years, using visual stimuli to involve them explicitly in the process of MI. Findings indicate that in general MI was felt by the young people to be helpful in allowing them to think about issues relating to their behaviour. The article also indicates that MI may be useful both as an initial assessment tool and in providing supporting adults with practical ideas for assisting disaffected young people in making positive changes to their behaviour. The authors acknowledge limitations in terms of the usefulness of this approach for pupils who may be less ready for change, have difficulty in identifying aspirational goals or have language and communication difficulties. Further larger scale research is recommended, including other vulnerable groups, such as excluded pupils or school refusers.     

Social Justice Becomes a Living Experience for Students,Faculty, and Community

This social justice course was the result of a service‐learning project with African American and First Nations peoples of a Southern community telling their story of desegregation through the creation of a video documentary project. Combining the pedagogy of service‐learning with documentary video making, a social justice project was created that impacted students, faculty, and community.     

中国手语在上海健听人中推广现状与影响因素

本研究通过问卷法、访谈法,对上海东方国际手语教育学校250位学员进行调查,探讨中国手语在上海健听人中推广的现状及影响因素。并在研究结果的基础上提出在全国范围内推广中国手语的意见与建议。     

书应当越教越美

教书的时间长了,次数多了,就会很熟、很精、很美。美在教师的职业责任心和使命感,美在语言和才艺、仪表和教学效果上。每个老师应珍惜教师光荣而豪迈的事业,教书育人、为人师表,为祖国培养合格的建设者和接班人。     

两种不同健身方式对男性老年人智能生理年龄的影响

为了探讨新编健身气功.八段锦对男性老年人智能生理年龄的影响,通过实验论证法,以60名男性老年人为对象进行研究。结果表明:练功组男性老年人智能生理年龄下降显著(P<0.01),慢跑组经过同期锻炼,智能生理年龄指标无显著变化,横向比较两组锻炼前后各指标的变化,练功组在降低男性老年人智能生理年龄明显优于慢跑组(P<0.05)。提示:长期练习健身气功.八段锦可以推迟男性老年人智能生理年龄,与慢跑相比,健身气功.八段锦是一种更加适合老年人锻炼的健身手段。     

文化育人:大学的文化使命——兼论苏州职业大学"吴文化园"的定位和作用

大学的文化使命应明确指向教育的根本宗旨——育人。大学文化通过建构、内化、升华的作用完成育人的过程。凝练精神文化、培育学术文化、建设制度文化、打造物质文化、倡导行为文化等是进行大学文化建设、履行文化育人使命的重要途径。对高职院校而言,坚持大学文化建设,从地方传统优秀文化中汲取养分,将可以在“文化育人”方面有所作为。苏州市职业大学的“吴文化园”即已成为学校文化育人的标志性载体。     

蛙泳运动处方对中老年人心血管功能影响效果的实验研究

采用XXG—D型心血管功能测试仪对70名中老年人进行定量负荷的蛙泳练习前后进行实验研究。结果表明：蛙泳练习能使心泵力代偿性增高,心肌收缩力强,搏血量增多;能有效改善血管的弹性状况,增加血容量,改善血液的浓度和流动速度;对于改善中老年人的心血管功能有着积极意义。     

试论马克思主义利益观中国化的传统文化底蕴

利益观是马克思主义唯物史现的重要范畴.马克思主义利益现中国化.就是马克思主义经典作家关于利益的思想观点、科学理论与中国革命、建设和改革的具体实际相结合的历史进程.它不仅以马克思主义经典作家关于利益的科学理论为逻辑起点和根本指导,而且又充分吸收了我国传统文化中关于义利现、理欲观、民本现等优秀思想.是对积淀于我国传统文化中有关利益问题的优秀思想的批判继承,从而打上了深深的中华民族烙印.使马克思主义利益观获得了中华民族的独特表现形式,具有中国作风和中国气派.