基于用户馆体验视角的图书馆服务平台选择思考

[目的/意义] 传统的集成图书馆系统（ILS）正在被图书馆服务平台（LSP）所取代,国内许多高校图书馆致力于对ILS的评估和对LSP的考察。然而,LSP的产品多种多样,图书馆很难决定哪种LSP最适合他们。对目前LSP主流产品的市场格局、发展情况进行分析,旨在为计划由ILS转向LSP的高校图书馆决策提供参考。[方法/过程] 基于国外高校图书馆使用LSP的体验和感知,对市场上主要的图书馆服务平台进行分析、评估和总结。[结果/结论]由于ILS/LSP市场的整合,LSP供应商数量正在缩减,目前只有Alma、Sierra和OCLC WMS得到充分实施。此外,开源项目FOLIO的推出为图书馆提供了另外一种思路。但目前这种单一的整合性图书馆服务平台不是解决方案,基于平台由若干松散耦合的组件构成的图书馆生态系统,才是图书馆真正的下一代服务平台,自主创新,研发适合国内图书馆环境的下一代开放服务平台迫在眉睫。     

The use of information and communication technologies in public libraries in South Africa as tools for bridging the digital divide: the case of the Kempton Park public library

ABSTRACT

The information and knowledge society has resulted in the exponential growth of information and communication technologies (ICTs), thus creating a gap between those who use ICTs and those who do not; hence the emergence of the term “digital divide” in the 1990s. One of the milestones of South Africa’s National Development Plan, a policy that charts the country’s development up until 2030, is to ensure that high-speed broadband internet is universally available at competitive prices. Notwithstanding the importance of ICTs in public libraries, the provision of such is still taking place on a limited scale in South Africa. This article investigates the use of ICTs in public libraries in South Africa as a tool in bridging the digital divide. It also examines the inequalities in access and use and suggests ways in which ICTs may be used to reduce the digital divide. A qualitative research methodology was adopted. In order for public libraries to function as an important tool in bridging the digital divide, there is a need to standardize the provision of public library services with regard to the digital divide.     

网络舆情场中信息受众观点测度的机理及路径分析

[目的/意义]整合定性与定量的舆情研究视角,统一多模态研究对象,实现网络舆情信息受众的观点测度,可修复网络舆情分析与治理的理论与实践裂痕。[方法/过程]通过引入网络舆情场的概念,对网络舆情信息受众、受众观点测度的内涵进行诠释,就网络舆情场与信息受众观点测度的逻辑关系加以辩证讨论。[结果/结论]提出网络舆情场内舆情受众观点测度机理和具体测度路径,为后续网络舆情场中的网络舆情信息分析、多维度信息受众观点测度,受众认知规律发现,网络舆情监督和管控限制等层面的研究做相应铺垫。     

A pillar of the Youngstown community: The Public Library of Youngstown and Mahoning County engages in the Harwood practice

ABSTRACT

The Harwood Institute arrived in Youngstown, Ohio, in 1999; and today, over 18 years later, its teachings have made a profound effect upon the city. The Youngstown Public Library, through the leadership of Carlton Sears and Heidi Daniel, has wholeheartedly embraced the methods and ideology of the Harwood Institute, helping to reinvigorate and power a city working its way back to prosperity.     

Search boundaries: human flesh search,privacy law,and internet regulation in China

This research examines privacy law and Human Flesh Search (HFS) on the Chinese Internet. HFS is spontaneous, widely participated search and publication of targeted individuals’ personal information on the Internet. This research sees HFS as an important form of non-institutional information gathering and publication, and argues that the regulation of HFS is not only about privacy but also line-drawing for information collection and dissemination in the digital setting. Therefore, legal instruments and court cases in relation to HFS and online privacy must be assessed as important components of the Chinese state’s Internet regulatory scheme. This research finds that the paired concepts of ‘flexibility and populism,’ key features of legal reform and development in contemporary China, are highly relevant to analyze the growth of digital privacy laws in China. The political-legal authorities’ experimentation and innovation in the development of the law shed important light on how China’s Internet governance adapts to changing circumstances and strives to keep pace with profound social transformations in new technological environments.     

高校图书馆社会化服务中用户信用体系研究

[目的/意义]针对我国高校图书馆向校外用户提供借阅服务时收取押金的现象,寻求可覆盖大部分用户的免押金信用借阅体系。[方法/过程]分析高校图书馆所遇信用问题的产生原因,对比国内外高校图书馆面向校外读者的借阅制度。[结果/结论]在信息化社会中,高校图书馆社会化服务中的用户信用体系由用户信用信息体系、用户信用评价体系、用户失信惩罚制度、用户信用教育体系、信用风险转嫁机制等构成。     

The Effects of Darkness and Lightness Cues in the Visual Depiction of Political Actors Involved in Scandals: An Experimental Study

Reports about political scandals have increased lately. Yet the general impact of news visuals and the specific role of lightness and darkness cues in images of scandalized politicians remain unclear. With the help of an experiment, the present pilot study examined the influence of candidate images and the effects of particular image backgrounds (light versus dark). While the foreground of the image depicting a politician involved in a scandal remained unchanged, the background was systematically altered. The results revealed that a light background had a positive effect on recipients’ attitudes toward the politician. In contrast, participants exposed to a dark image background demanded a more severe punishment for the politician.     

民国时期中美图书馆交流史序说:研究综述、理论基础与历史分期

民国时期的中美图书馆交流史不仅是理解中国图书馆与图书馆学缘起的重要议题,在回应图书馆领域史学研究的“双重困境”方面,也具有其特殊的价值。梳理民国时期中美图书馆交流史的相关文献和研究主题发现,本课题难点在于庞杂的线索、社群与诸多政治、经济因素的介入等。由此,本研究吸收“世界体系理论”“书籍交流圈”等跨学科的思想和方法,提出一个由宏观、中观和微观三个层次组成的理论视角,并阐述这一理论视角如何转化为具体的研究方法,以提高学界对民国时期中美图书馆交流史研究的整体理解和把控能力。研究发现,“专业交往”到“文化外交”的视角渐变是民国时期中美图书馆交流的核心轴线,以此可以将这段历史分为四个时期,帮助我们把握不同时期的交往脉络、主要成就和基本特点。表1。参考文献73。     

谢拉的文献工作教育思想与实践

在1952—1970年担任西储大学图书馆学院院长期间,谢拉积极探索文献工作教育:在学科理论方面,进行文献工作学科理论建设;在学术研究方面,设立美国图书馆学院第一个专门的文献工作研究中心“文献工作与交流研究中心”;在教学活动方面,在图书馆学教育项目中引入文献工作相关课程,强化以文献工作为重点的专业图书馆人才培养。谢拉的文献工作教育是对传统图书馆学教育的改造,适应了图书馆学教育专门化的发展趋势,其立足点是以文献工作提升图书馆职业的社会价值,服务于图书馆人才培养,体现出明显的图书馆本位立场。谢拉领导下的西储大学图书馆学院的文献工作教育是一种过渡形态的早期情报学教育,促进了20世纪美国图书馆学教育向图书情报学教育格局的转型。参考文献62。     

试析中外信息安全保障体系的演化路径

大数据时代,信息安全保障能力的提升与制度体系的完善,是世界各国奋力攀登的制高点和国家战略。本文运用文献分析法、比较分析法,对中外信息安全保障概念、立法原则及其法律制度的演化路径进行深入分析。信息安全保障是大安全观下对信息内容安全、数据安全、物理安全、网络安全和信息基础设施安全等的积极防御措施;其法律制度建设正在由分散走向统一,由单纯立法走向“立法与实施机制”并进;其保障体系正在形成一个由技术、管理、法制、文化等多元素、跨国跨区域、全方位的主动积极防御整体联动框架。中国特色的国家安全体制机制,以及“总体安全观”下以《国家安全法》为基准的信息安全法律体系正走向健全与发展之路;新型信息安全保障体系的构建正在成为前沿课题。图2。表5。参考文献105。