高职学生自我控制、归因方式、参与度对其偏差行为的影响研究

高职学生偏差行为是值得学校、社会、家庭关注的问题。运用实证研究的方法,对高职学生偏差行为的影响因素分析发现,高职学生的自我控制、归因方式、参与度对其偏差行为有显著的预测力。     

冷漠与支持:情境空间视角下的群体性利他行为

考察三个广受关注的社会事件个案,从情境空间的视角对群体性利他行为的发生机制进行探究。发现情景空间的制度化程度是解释群体性利他行为的关键因素;在特定的情境空间中,施暴者的负面标定、受害者的"嵌空间"身份、制度化角色的干预以及旁观者的人口特征等因素都是抑制或催发群体性利他行为的影响变量。     

泉州出境旅游流空间行为模式研究

泉州出境旅游发展较早,出境旅游流已经形成一定的规模。在各个发展阶段,泉州出境旅游流的空间行为模式与北京、广州、上海等大城市有所不同。文章对泉州出境旅游者及业内人士进行抽样调查,探讨泉州出境旅游流的空间行为模式,并根据分析提出优化泉州未来出境旅游空间行为模式的建议。     

Attachment insecurity accounts for the relationship between maternal and paternal maltreatment and adolescent health

ObjectivesMaltreatment is linked with poor health outcomes. Attachment and affect regulation may mitigate the long-term impact of these adverse experiences on health outcomes. Little is known about the relative impact of maternal versus paternal maltreatment and interparental violence (IPV) on general health status of female and male youth.MethodThe present study examined the impact of exposure to maternal and paternal emotional and physical maltreatment, neglect, IPV, and cumulative maltreatment exposure in adolescence on general physical health problems reported five years later. High-risk youth (N = 179; Mage = 15.34, SD = 1.53; 46.4% female) self-reported maltreatment experiences, attachment insecurity, and affect dysregulation at Time 1; and affect dysregulation and physical health five years later at Time 2.ResultsAttachment insecurity accounted for the effect of maternal and paternal emotional maltreatment, and maternal and paternal cumulative maltreatment exposure, on physical health. Additionally, attachment insecurity accounted for the effect of paternal neglect on physical health. Further sex differences were found with regard to maltreatment type and are discussed.ConclusionBoth maternal and paternal maltreatment in adolescence predicted poor general health five years later via attachment insecurity. Youth who lack a secure attachment with their parents are most vulnerable to these impacts.     

‘Snitches get stitches’: School-specific barriers to victim disclosure and peer reporting of sexual harm committed by young people in school contexts

BackgroundSchool based, peer-to-peer sexual harm is under-researched despite its prevalence and adverse effects on young people across the globe. Understanding barriers to victim disclosure and peer reporting might help towards the prevention and protection of young people.ObjectiveThis study explores dual perspectives of young people and educational staff about school-specific environmental barriers to 1) young people’s disclosure of sexual harm experienced, and 2) young people’s reporting of sexual harm on behalf of others.Participants and setting: Participants include 59 young people aged 13–21 and 58 educational staff, drawn from seven schools across four local authorities in England whom formed part of a wider study on harmful sexual behavior and safety in schools.MethodsFocus groups were carried out with young people and education staff. The sessions were thematically analysed and focused on barriers to disclosure within the school context.ResultsPeer groups set powerful ‘rules’ that influence the ability and willingness of young people to report sexual harm. Some school responses for addressing sexual harm are sub-optimal and sexual harm is not adequately prioritised. Some schools appear to struggle to manage more subtle forms of sexual harm compared with more recognized forms of violence and abuse. A significant proportion of sexual harm is so prevalent that it is ‘normalised’, and therefore under-reported. This resigned acceptance to sexual harm consequently shapes young people’s disclosures.ConclusionsSchool systems of responding to sexual harm require strengthening to increase feelings of safety and empowerment of young people.     

Childhood experiences of maltreatment,reflective functioning and attachment in adolescent and young adult mothers: Effects on mother-infant interaction and emotion regulation

BackgroundMaternal childhood experiences of maltreatment affect parenting and have consequences for a child’s social-emotional development. Adolescent mothers have a higher frequency of a history of maltreatment than adult mothers. However few studies have analyzed the interactions between adolescent mothers with a history of childhood maltreatment and their infants.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to examine the effect of maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment on mother-infant emotion regulation at infant 3 months, considering both infant and mother individual emotion regulation and their mutual regulation.ParticipantsParticipants were 63 adolescent and young adult mother-infant dyads recruited at a hospital.MethodsThe mothers were administered the Adult Attachment Interview to evaluate reflective functioning and attachment and the Childhood Experiences of Care and Abuse was used to evaluate maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment. Mother-infant interactions were coded with a modified version of the Infant Caregiver Engagement Phases.ResultsDyads with mothers with childhood maltreatment (vs dyads with mothers with no maltreatment) spent more time in negative emotional mutual regulation (p = .009) and less time in positive and neutral mutual emotion regulation (p = .019). Cumulative maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment were associated positively with mother and infant negative states at individual and dyadic level and with the AAI scales of Passivity and Unresolved Trauma (p < .05). The effect of cumulative maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment on mother-infant emotion regulation was direct and not mediated by maternal attachment and reflective function.ConclusionsMaternal childhood experiences of maltreatment increase the risk connected to early motherhood, affecting mother-infant emotion regulation.     

Childhood maltreatment,cognitive emotion regulation strategies,and alcohol craving and dependence in alcohol-dependent males: Direct and indirect pathways

ObjectivesChildhood maltreatment (CM) and cognitive emotion regulation strategies (CERSs) may be important in alcohol craving and dependence in alcohol-dependent individuals. The aim of this study was to evaluate direct effects of CM on the subscales of alcohol craving and alcohol dependence and its indirect effects via CERSs in individuals with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence.MethodsIn a cross-sectional design, 329 alcohol-dependent males completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire-Short version (CERQ-Short), the Alcohol Dependence Scale (ADS), the Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II).ResultsParticipants with alcohol dependence had early age of onset of alcohol use (mean = 20.78 years), relatively long duration of alcohol use (mean = 11.14 years), and low education (mean = 9.55 years). Indirect effects were observed from CM to the subscales of alcohol craving and dependence only through maladaptive CERSs after adjusting for demographic and clinical factors. No direct effect was observed through CM on the subscales of alcohol craving and dependence.ConclusionsAlthough drawing causal conclusions from the current research is impossible, the findings suggest that maladaptive CERSs may be a possible mechanism relating CM to alcohol craving and dependence in treatment-seeking alcohol-dependent individuals, while adaptive CERSs may be less important regarding this relation. However, the findings of the current study need longitudinal research.     

《非诚勿扰》节目失范行为的传媒环境学解读

传媒环境学派一直将传播媒介视为考量传播效果的关键性因素。将《非诚勿扰》节目中出现的“作秀”、“缺乏真实性”和“言语粗俗”等问题置于传媒环境学视域下进行考察,能发现该节目出现失范行为的本质原因在于电视媒介本身,而非其他。     

隐私关注困扰下用户持续使用社交网络的动机解析

[目的/意义]社交网络已广泛渗入到人们的日常生活中,用户对所提供个人数据的隐私关注一直存在,但却依然持续使用社交网络,需要解析产生这种现象的原因。[方法/过程]运用社会影响理论,通过解析用户使用社交网络的隐私成本(即隐私关注)和隐私收益(即行为诱导:人际关系管理,自我展示,主观规范),建立隐私权衡模型,分析用户的隐私权衡行为,寻找隐私关注困扰下用户持续使用社交网络的动机。[结果/结论]用户提供个人数据并持续使用社交网络的动机并非是忽略了隐私关注,而是行为诱导(包括人际关系管理和自我展示)的正面影响超过隐私关注的负面影响。     

信息生态视角下移动短视频UGC网络舆情传播行为影响因素研究

[目的/意义]移动短视频UGC网络舆情传播行为影响因素的分析,可以更好地了解移动短视频用户的行为特征及影响因素,从而帮助网络舆情监管部门加强移动短视频网络舆情管理。[方法/过程]文章以计划行为理论为基础,基于信息、信息人、信息技术、信息环境和谐发展的信息生态视角,构建移动短视频UGC网络舆情传播行为影响因素模型;采用问卷调查和结构方程研究方法,使用SPSS 22.0和AMOS 21.0软件对数据进行统计分析和模型验证。[结果/结论]研究结果说明,信息、信息环境、信息技术3个因素通过传播意愿对移动短视频UGC网络舆情传播行为产生正向影响;信息因素对移动短视频UGC网络舆情传播意愿影响最大,其次是信息环境和信息技术。