主体创造性思维中的心理定势效应

创造性思维是人类区别于动物的最根本的标志。研究它的内在机制的重要意义和最终目的在于使人类创造力的发展从自我走向自觉,从而尽可能挖掘出人类的创造潜力。本文认为“心理定势效应”是创造性思维的内在机制,并从它的研究历史、界定、动作流程以及它在主体创造性思维中的正负效应等方面进行了深入探讨,以求对个人和社会创造潜力的发掘有所裨益。     

激励理论在高校管理中的应用

在高校管理中应用激励理论是实现科学管理、调动职工和学生两个方面的积极性的客观需求。因此，按照激励理论的原理，针对高校管理对象的心理行为规律。用适当的方法和手段去激励教职工在本职岗位上努力工作，积极创新；调动学生正确认识自身的价值、努力学习立志成才。     

试论中国第一、二次革命的关系

第一次革命指新民主主义革命,第二次革命指十一届三中全会以来的改革开放.不论是第一次革命,还是第二次革命,都是推动社会前进和发展的有效手段和方式,它们既相互联系,又相互区别,共同构成社会前进和发展的直接动力和杠杆.     

Auto-Graph: considering the utility of student behaviour self-monitoring for inclusive schools

This paper reports the outcomes of a small-scale exploratory study that examined the utility of a novel computer-supported student behaviour self-monitoring procedure called Auto-Graph. The Auto-Graph procedure is a universal classroom behaviour management strategy for responding to disruptive antisocial behaviours. It was designed to provide up-to-date information on student behaviours over time that might alert students and school staff to emerging problematic behavioural patterns. This strategy is consistent with an interest in school-based early intervention. Furthermore, the Auto-Graph design assumes generalised benefits of a continuous cycle of monitoring and feedback/reflection that might inform understandings regarding goodness-of-fit between student needs and educational provision. The present study explored basic questions pertaining to the utility of Auto-Graph as a universal procedure in two 'inclusive' mainstream primary school classrooms. Results suggest a potential utility of the procedure in terms of supporting teachers and students in efforts directed at reducing disruptive antisocial behaviours, and by effect mediating the inclusion of potentially disruptive students in mainstream schools particularly when considering those identified with emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD).     

影响外语学习的情感因素及应对策略

:动机、兴趣是深刻影响外语学习的二大情感智力因素。本文从心理学角度探讨了二者对外语学习的影响并提出几点应对的教学策略。把握学习者情感因素与外语教学的内在联系 ,选择有效的教学策略来培养他们的学习兴趣 ,激发他们的学习动机 ,可以大大提高外语学习的效率     

精妙的结构难解的情结--《荷塘月色》结构赏析

《荷塘月色》不仅语言优美，抒情细腻，且构思精妙。通观全文，结构安排和作者的感情发展变化达到了完美的统一。作者运用环形、闭合、对称式结构，暗示了自己苦苦挣扎、想远离现实而终不得的心路历程。     

校本教师培训动力机制的建立探究

校本教师培训是今后教师教育发展的主要方向和提高学校教育质量的基本工程。能否使这项工程得以顺利开展和长期坚持,关键在于动力机制的建立与实施。本文试就校本教师培训动力机制的建立做一具体探究。     

Using the theory of planned behaviour framework to understand Tasmanian dairy farmer engagement with extension activities to inform future delivery

Purpose: To identify and understand factors influencing farmers’ decisions to engage with extension activities. To understand farmer segments and how these factors vary in order to develop recommendations for future extension delivery.

Methodology: Qualitative data was obtained through semi-structured interviews with 30 Tasmanian dairy farmers. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) framework was used to identify and explore factors influencing farmer engagement intentions and behaviour.

Findings: There was a negative effect of social influence on experienced farmers’ intention to re-engage with extension, due to the belief extension activities were targeted to less experienced, younger farmers. Perceived control factors limiting engagement included lack of confidence about existing knowledge, resulting in farmers perceiving extension activities as confronting.

Practical implications: Key factors influencing intention to engage and continued engagement with extension were identified. These findings will inform future design and targeting of extension activities to improve initial and continued engagement. Subsequent recommendations are presented.

Theoretical implications: Previous TPB studies on adoption as an outcome of extension have typically focused on quantifying adoption predictions, rather than exploring how social factors interact and influence intentions and behaviours. This paper demonstrates how the TPB can be qualitatively applied to better understand farmer decision making, in this instance with respect to their initial and continued engagement with extension.

Originality/value: This paper demonstrates how the TPB can provide an evidence-based framework to qualitatively explore farmer intentions and behaviour. This approach has led to new insights into farmer decision making that will inform improvements in future extension development.     

Outdoor experiences and sustainability

Positive outdoor teaching and learning experiences and sound pedagogical approaches undoubtedly have contributed towards an understanding of environmental sustainability but it is not always clear how, and to what extent, education can translate into action. This article argues, with reference to social learning theory, that role modelling, mentoring and sustainable practice, by outdoor educators and using outdoor experiences, can contribute to pro-environmental action by offering an array of possibilities to engender pro-environmental behaviour. Pro-environmental behaviour is situated on the spectrum towards the realisation of a sustainable ‘lifestyle’, which implies a stronger and more committed intent, but might constitute too radical a shift with implied structural change. Using Cooper’s theoretical framework of ‘awareness, empowerment and commitment’, the place of role modelling through long-term mentoring in real, lived, outdoor environments that embrace pro-environmental behaviour is illustrated but further empirical research is required to substantiate the evidence base.     

论辛亥革命前后社会风尚的急剧变化

辛亥革命前后新旧思想的斗争十分剧烈,反映在社会风尚领域内的急剧变化,是多方面的、深远的。其根源在于西学浪潮的冲击和崇洋思潮的兴起。其动力是资产阶级的人生观和价值观,致使新旧社会风尚相互冲击,起伏跌宕,交织呈现,显示出时代精神与社会的发展趋势,并为五四运动提供了思想原动力。