影响聚式酶链式反应实验效果的基本因素

研究聚式酶链式反应(PCR)实验中影响其扩增效果的多种因素,寻求反应体系中理想的各因素浓度配比。选取含5+10优质亚基的小麦品种为材料,以特异扩增1DX5基因PCR实验为例,从模板DNA、引物终浓度、Taq酶、二价镁离子、4dNTPs混合液、缓冲液浓度几方面入手,通过设计梯度实验,研究不同因素对PCR扩增效果的影响。结果表明,反应体系6个基本因素,缺少任何1个都扩增不出产物。在反应总体积25μL的PCR反应体系中,模板DNA选用32 ng/μL,Mg2+终浓度2 mmol/L,Taq酶1.2 U/25μL,引物0.8μmol/μL,4dNTPs0.3 mmol/L,缓冲液1×buffer最为合适,能扩增出理想的结果。     

浅述碱-骨料反应对混凝土耐久性的影响及预防措施

碱骨料反应对混凝土耐久性有极大的危害,本文就碱骨料反应的机理、产生条件、破坏特征、骨料碱活性的测定和如何预防进行了阐述。     

四组分反应高效合成多取代环庚基吡啶衍生物

在微波加热条件下,芳香醛、环庚酮、溴代对苯基苯乙酮吡啶盐和醋酸铵在醋酸中反应,以中等产率快速合成多取代环庚基吡啶衍生物。产物结构经过光谱方法和X-衍射单晶结构分析确证。本研究采用一锅四组分反应的方法,是高效合成多取代环庚基吡啶衍生物的新方法。     

化学专业学位教育教学改革的思考

在美国杰克逊州立大学的4年留学时间,让我有了亲身体会美国大学教学活动的机会。通过对比广西大学和杰克逊州立大学化学专业的本科和研究生的教育,对广西大学化学专业学位教育的教学改革有初步的思考和设想。     

微型化学实验测定化学反应速度常数

用微型化学实验和常规化学实验测定化学反应速率常数,在误差允许范围内比较微型化学实验的优越性.     

对单分子反应机理的探索

化学动力学的主要问题之一,是对单分子反应一级动力学作出解释.以Lindemann历程为基础,阐明单分子反应机理的动力学特征,并指出只有在整个反应是一级和三级混合在一起的降变过程,才是真正的Lindemann历程.     

NiCo_2O_4纳米结构阵列的水热合成与氧析出特性研究

钴酸镍纳米材料具有良好的电催化氧析出反应(Oxygen Evolution Reaction,OER)活性,是一种很有发展潜力的非贵金属电催化材料。文章以碳纤维纸为基底,采用水热合成的方法对纳米结构钴酸镍的生长进行了系统的研究,分别考察了生长温度、前驱体浓度和配比、生长时间对产物的形貌、尺寸、物相结构、OER电化学性能的影响,通过对比分析后发现在生长温度100℃、生长时间5h、镍钴比为2:1时所获得的多孔片状钴酸镍纳米结构具有最佳的OER特性。     

Evaluation of adverse drug reaction formatting in drug information mobile phone applications

Objective:To evaluate the differences in presentation (formatting) of adverse drug reaction (ADR) information within drug monographs in commonly used drug information (DI) mobile device applications.Methods:A cross-sectional analysis of ADR formatting of twenty commonly prescribed oral medications within seven DI mobile applications was performed. Databases were assessed for ADR information, including presence of placebo comparisons, severity of ADR, onset of ADR, formatting of ADRs in percentile (quantitative) format or qualitative format, whether references were used to cite information, and whether ADRs are grouped by organ system. Data was collected by two study investigators and discrepancies were resolved via consensus.Results:The seven DI mobile applications varied significantly on every analyzed ADR variable with the exception of ADR onset, which was absent in all databases. Significant differences were found for variables known to impact clinical judgment such as placebo comparisons and qualitative versus quantitative formatting. Placebo comparisons were most common among monographs in Lexicomp (30%) but were absent among monographs within other applications. Quantitative information was commonly used in most databases but was absent in Epocrates. Qualitative formatting was present in all Epocrates and Micromedex applications but absent in the majority of other applications. Substantial variations were also found in severity and grouping information.Conclusion:Substantial variation in ADR formatting exists among the most common DI mobile applications. These differences may translate into alternative interpretations of medical information and thus impact clinical judgment. Health care librarians and clinicians should consider ADR formatting when choosing between DI applications.     

基于正交设计葡萄废弃物基生物活化炭的制备及其吸附性能

以葡萄皮为原材料,用限氧热解法制备生物炭.通过设计3因素3水平的正交实验,选择出最佳的活化条件进行活化,得到活化生物炭用于吸附实验.考察反应物初始浓度、反应温度和接触时间对吸附的影响规律,并进行分析.由动力学拟合结果,可以得出葡萄皮基生物炭对甲基橙的吸附过程用准二级动力学方程较好拟合,说明生物炭对甲基橙的吸附不是单一的...     

固定化脂肪酶合成蔗糖月桂酸酯的研究

以固定化脂肪酶为催化剂,以DMSO/叔丁醇有机溶剂为反应体系,在室温条件下催化合成蔗糖酯。研究表明:月桂酸与蔗糖的摩尔比为大于8,反应温度为30℃,脂肪酶用量为0.3g,缓冲液的pH值为7.5,反应6h时,酯化反应的相对转化率较高。反应产物的薄层色谱和红外光谱分析结果证实所合成的产物为蔗糖月桂酸酯。