Assessing womanist thought: The rhetoric of Susan L. Taylor

This essay focuses on the rhetoric of Susan L. Taylor, communications director and former editor of Essence, a national magazine targeted to African American women. Taylor is also the author of the magazine's monthly column, “In the Spirit.” Her monthly columns focusing on African American women's empowerment epitomize the tenets of womanist epistemology and methodology and therefore are worthy of scholarly attention.     

核桃仁黑芝麻复合保健半固态饮料的研制

以核桃仁、黑芝麻为主要原料 ,经科学加工处理后 ,添加何首乌汁 ,糖浆、蜂蜜等辅料 ,经调配、灭菌、包装等工序加工而成的核桃仁黑芝麻复合保健半固态饮料 ,其色泽乌黑 ,香甜可口 ,营养丰富 ,风味独特 ,具有很强的保健作用     

通讯服务器的分布式实现

利用J2EE中间件技术，给出一个通讯服务器的分布式实现方式：如部署无状态的Session Bean来负载均衡；利用对象池和缓冲机制来节约开销；着重从开发者和用户的观点分析了系统利用这种结构所获得的益处。     

20年代乡土小说:"惨淡人生"与 "美丽人情"的风土剧照

由鲁迅直接开创的20年代乡土小说多方面地展现了广大乡村在社会特型与文化特型时期的全部沧桑、苦难和想象：一方面，它体现为对惨淡的乡村人生模式的全面观照；另一方面，它体现为对美丽的乡村人情图景的漫长告别——两者的互动及其初合，终于启动了乡土中国缓慢、沉重而又执著的现代化征程。     

美国黑色幽默小说成因及其现实意义管窥

黑色幽默小说作为一种具有美国特色的独特的文化现象,其成因纷繁复杂。文章从存在主义哲学的影响力、战争的破坏力以及高新科技的奴役力三个“合力”方面较为全面地论述了黑色幽默小说的成因及其现实意义,以期能引起人们对该小说流派研究的更加重视。     

传统文化：民族魂魄之所在——浅谈《所罗门之歌》中的黑人传统文化

《所罗门之歌》主要通过讲述主人公的寻根经历,弘扬了具有丰富内涵的黑人民族文化,提出了正在失落的黑人民族历史和文化遗产是黑人民族精神和民族魂魄之思想。文章主要解析作品中蕴含的黑人传统文化。帮助读者更深刻地体会立足于本民族的历史文化才是寻求民族生存与发展的途径。     

Unveiling the Colours of Cellulose Nitrate Black and White Film-based Negatives in Colonial Photography

ABSTRACT

Aiming at contributing to the preservation of black and white (B&W) film-based negatives held by Portuguese archives, four photographic collections from the first half of the twentieth century were selected for study. During the macro assessment of the collections the preservation condition and hues found in photographic negatives from the Elmano Cunha e Costa (ECC) were noticed, distinguishing this collection from the remaining ones. Additional attention was given considering that the ECC collection was formed in a colonial context in the 1930s, while the others were formed on the Portugal mainland. The ECC collection results from an ethnographic survey of Angolan tribes recorded with B&W film-based negatives. In this collection, sets of negatives with pink, lemon yellow, greenish, orange brownish, and red brownish hues were found. To identify the origin of such hues, the image layer was analysed by microscale energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (μ EDXRF) and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Additionally, to assess the base decay and its effect on the formation of hues, the plastic supports were characterized by Fourier transform infrared microscopy (μ FTIR). To complement the assessment of the film-base decay, pH was measured by using combined microelectrodes. The identification of mercury, iodine, chromium, and iron by μ EDXRF allowed correlation of the hues found in the negatives with chemical corrective treatments performed to improve the image quality. SEM-EDX confirmed those results and proved that the elements found were in the photographic emulsion layer. The results obtained are relevant since the hues identified may now be used as markers to indicate the technical work performed on colonial photography. Additionally, the visual and molecular assessment of the negatives’ supports (good to fair condition) allow proposing that the original storage conditions may have had a beneficial contribution to their present condition.     

解读布鲁克斯诗歌《萨丁-勒格日·史密斯的星期天》中的反英雄人物形象及主题

美国黑人妇女作家格温多琳·布鲁克斯的第一部公开发表作品《布朗泽维尔的一条街》中的长诗《萨丁-勒格日·史密斯的星期天》通过聚焦于史密斯这位普通黑人男性的反英雄形象,白描其在美国社会边缘地带的日常生活,折射出布鲁克斯诗歌中的类似于TS·艾略特笔下的人物Alfred Prufrock的反英雄特色。反英雄人物和主题不仅完美地契合了美国现代主义后期诗歌的显著特色,也流露出作家浓厚的黑人写作意识。     

论《无形人》和《六月庆典》中的黑人人性书写

拉尔夫·埃里森的文化融合思想和文艺评论中体现出他对黑人人性问题的高度重视,他在小说作品《无形人》和《六月庆典》中对黑人人性进行了探索与挖掘,并试图通过艺术书写引起更多人和整个社会对黑人人性的关注。     

‘Being black is like being a soldier in Iraq’: metaphorical expressions of blackness in an urban community

Metaphor and metaphorical expressions are phenomenon of interest in teacher education research, critical race literature, and research on black communicative practices. Only marginal concerted attention has been paid to students’ metaphorical expressions, and what these expressions might tell us about students’ racial identities and lived experiences. This study explores the metaphorical language that nine black youth used to describe what it means to be black in their social and political context. Data collected through the metaphor elicitation prompt, ‘Being black is like …,’ is presented to probe participants’ understandings of race, racial identity, and urban society. Conclusions indicate that abstract or indirect conversations about race may provide teachers and other hearers of students’ metaphors a greater understanding of and empathy toward students’ needs, experiences, and identities.