谈软件工程中软件测试的重要性及方法

软件测试是软件工程的一个重要阶段,也是保证软件质量的重要手段。通过论述软件测试的重要性,着重介绍了软件测试的组织管理工作及方法和测试的一些技巧。     

多巴胺在聚L-谷氨酸修饰碳黑微电极上的电催化氧化

研究了聚L-谷氨酸修饰碳黑微电极的制备及多巴胺在该电极上的电化学性质。实验表明:该修饰电极对神经递质多巴胺的电化学氧化有显著的催化作用,采用二次导数线扫伏安法对多巴胺进行定量分析,线性范围为1.0×10-4~4.0×10-8mol/L,检出限为8.0×10-9mol/L。该聚合物修饰电极具有良好的选择性,能有效地排除抗坏血酸对测定的影响,用于样品分析,结果满意。     

Vaidya黑洞的费米熵

从求解Vaidya时空中Dirac粒子所遵从的动力学方程出发，计算出该时空中Dirac场的熵，得到了熵与视界的面积成正比的结论。     

Education for Citizenship: Interethnic Pedagogy and Formal Education at Escola Criativa Olodum

This paper depicts how an Afro-Brazilian carnival group turned community development organization addresses socioeconomic inequalities by educating a traditionally marginalized population as part of their larger goal of the preservation of black culture and full citizenship. Specifically, it examines the theory and practice of interethnic pedagogy, a unique approach to critical pedagogy specifically focused on incorporating the experiences and values of subaltern groups. Through ethnographic passages and analysis it examines their work in formal education at Escola Criativa Olodum in Salvador, Bahia and shows how Afro-Brazilian teachers, students and administrators engage in learning experiences while they strive to understand and redefine their own educational processes and outcomes. Lastly, through the lens of racial formation theory, it attempts to explain how these educators and activists periodically adjust their methods and considers their potential impact on Brazilian society.Judith King-Calnek has over 20 years experience of research in Brazil. She holds a Ph.D. in comparative education and anthropology from Columbia University Teachers College as well as two master’s degrees (curriculum and teaching and anthropology and education) from the same institution, and a BA from Pomona College. She taught anthropology at Manhattanville College in Purchase, NY, and presently teaches anthropology, history and theory of knowledge at the United Nations International School, where her children are students. Other publications have focused on differentiating curriculum for the gifted, world hunger, distance teaching, and evaluations of U.S. funded non-formal education projects overseas. In addition to her teaching and researching, Judith King-Calnek pursues her long time love of Brazilian music and jazz as a radio programmer and producer in the New York area, for which she has received numerous awards. She is fluent in Portuguese and Spanish.     

从《最蓝的眼睛》看莫里森对黑人文化的传承与发展

美国黑人女作家,托尼·莫里森一直致力于弘扬黑人传统文化。在《最蓝的眼睛》中她传承了黑人口头文学的艺术形式,把黑人口头文学中常出现的自然、时间等手段成功地引入到小说创作当中,并且运用多视角叙述、“碎片化”语言及意识流等现代主义手法,使古老的民间传说绽放出新的光辉。     

黑洞理论的辩证唯物主义审视

黑洞理论发展到现代,已被霍金等人用量子理论和广义相对论等理论推进到新的高峰。不过,持“支持黑洞理论”观点和持“反对黑洞理论”观点的科学家们却因为出发点的不同而渐行渐远。全世界的科学家都尝试着用各种方法去证实或反驳该理论所预言的“黑洞”,但收效甚微。因此我们不但要从辩证唯物主义的认识论和方法论出发去审视黑洞理论,更应该用辩证唯物主义的眼光去看待科学发展的新成果。     

辩证唯物主义视阈下的黑洞存在问题

从黑洞理论被提出以来．该理论便在天文物理学界一直饱受争议。全世界的科学家尝试着用各种方法去证明或反驳“黑洞”理论,但收效甚微。从辩证唯物主义的角度出发去探讨宇宙中“黑洞”是否存在的同时,更应该用辩证唯物主义的眼光去看待科学发展的成果。     

The genesis of quanta: 1890–1910

In this article we discuss how the concept of quantum of energy came into being from the analysis of black-body spectrum. We start our discussion with the work of Wien who discovered the general form of black-body spectrum and on the basis of his discovery proposed a formula to obtain power radiated from a black body as a function of its temperature and the frequency of radiation. We then focus on the work of Planck who modified Wien’s formula to bring it in close agreement with the experimental results. However, the real greatness of Planck is displayed in his interpretation of the modified formula that led him to introduce the revolutionary concept of the quantum of energy. How Planck arrived at this conclusion is described in detail. We conclude the article with a discussion of the generalization of the concept of quanta by Einstein to propose quantization of radiation as well as of mechanical vibrations. Manoj K. Harbola is a professor of physics at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. His area of research is in the field of electronic structure of matter and he has contributed significantly to fundamental aspects of density functional theory and applied it to study atoms, molecules, clusters and solids.     

美国新黑人文化运动及其影响

20世纪20年代,在美国纽约的哈莱姆地区,兴起了轰轰烈烈的新黑人文化运动,它以美国的黑人知识分子为先锋,盛极一时。同时,美国的白人知识分子也推波助澜,鼎力相助,有关黑人的民族文化得到一定的整理和发展,也使黑人的民族意识得到了提高。它虽然随着1929年美国经济大萧条的来临而结束,但仍不愧是一次唤起黑人民族自信心和民族自豪感的思想启蒙运动。     

Trapped between justified anger and being the strong Black woman: Black college women coping with racial battle fatigue at historically and predominantly White institutions

Using the unique form of a composite counterstory culled from the experiences of 13 Black women at historically and predominantly White colleges and universities in a Western U.S. state, this paper explores the psychological tensions and silencing Black college women face as they navigate social constructions of their selfhood under a White gaze. This study centers these Black women’s voices through a tradition of storytelling and examines the ways they try to carve their own place by often engaging liberating, yet repressive, historically constructed STRONGBLACKWOMAN imagery to counteract equally silencing Angry Black Woman imagery. The historically and predominantly White institutional spaces within which these women study, live, and play exacerbate this tension, propelling them to model and rely upon stereotypically ‘positive’ representations of Black womanhood to deal with the pain of microaggressions. Altogether, these factors create instances of enhanced racial battle fatigue.