Breast metastasis from small cell lung carcinoma

Breast metastases from extramammary neoplasms are very rare. We presented a 66 year-old female with metastasis of small cell lung carcinoma to the breast. She presented with consolidation over the left upper lobe of her lung undetermined after endobronchial or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) biopsy, and this was treated effectively after antibiotic therapy at initial stage. The left breast lumps were noted 4 months later, and she underwent a modified radical mastectomy under the impression of primary breast carcinoma. However, the subsequent chest imaging revealed re-growing mass over the left mediastinum and hilum, and cells with the same morphological and staining features were found from specimens of transbronchial brushing and biopsy. An accurate diagnosis to distinguish a primary breast carcinoma from metastatic one is very important because the therapeutic planning and the outcome between them are different.     

Hand-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy: Initial case report

Nephroureterectomy with removal of a bladder cuff was performed successfully on a 47-year-old man for transitional cell carcinoma of the right renal pelvis using hand-assisted laparoscopy. The results showed that hand-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy is an efficacious alternative to open surgery and provides the urologist new to laparoscopy a shorter learning curve compared with standard laparoscopy.     

经皮膀胱肾镜治疗小儿膀胱结石

目的：探讨经皮膀胱肾镜碎石术在小儿膀胱结石中的应用。方法：对15例小儿膀胱结石患者的临床治疗资料进行回顾性分析。其中患儿年龄4~9（6.6±1.57）岁,膀胱结石直径1.3~3.7（2.6±0.92）cm;行耻骨上膀胱穿刺建立经皮膀胱通道,用钬激光或气压弹道击碎膀胱结石,视术中情况留置尿管。结果：所有患儿均获手术成功,手术时间20~45（32.5±6.43）min。术后早期5例患儿因留置尿管感尿道疼痛,无明显严重并发症出现。随访6~12个月,所有患儿均排尿通畅,无尿道狭窄和结石复发。结论：经皮膀胱肾镜治疗小儿膀胱结石具有安全、有效,结石清除率高等优点,可有效避免经尿道手术所致的术中技术风险、术后结石残留和尿道狭窄。     

腹腔镜下早期卵巢癌全面分期手术40例临床分析

目的探讨腹腔镜下早期卵巢癌全面分期手术的手术方法,评估其安全性、可行性和临床效果。方法对40例腹腔镜下早期卵巢癌全面分期手术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果所有病例均在腹腔镜下完成全面分期手术,平均手术时间182 min,术中平均出血量172 mL,平均切除盆腔淋巴结及腹主动脉旁淋巴结15.3个,术后平均肛门排气时间2.5 d,近期观察无严重手术并发症。结论腹腔镜下进行早期卵巢癌全面分期手术具有创伤小、出血少、恢复快、并发症少、术后病率低、住院时间短、临床效果好,方法可行。     

Urinary Tumor Markers Could Predict Survival in Bladder Carcinoma

The early diagnosis of bladder cancer is important for effective treatment of the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP 22), soluble epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), cathepthin-D and total protein with clinico-pathological features of bladder cancer, and to determine the relation between each marker and tumor progression after treatment. The study includes 65 patients with bladder cancer, 14 benign urinary diseases and 11 healthy volunteers. Patients were categorized according to bilharzial infestation, T stage, tumor grade, size and the presence of lymph node metastasis. Forty patients were followed for disease progression after surgery. There was a significant increase of NMP22, E-cadherin, cathepthin-D and total protein detected in cancer group compared to healthy and benign groups. It was found that NMP 22 and E-cadherin had highest sensitivity (84.4, 76.9 %, respectively) while, total ddedprotein showed highest specificity (77.4 %). Tumor size correlated with urinary NMP22 (r = 0.3, p = 0.02), although, E-cadherin, cathepsin-D and total protein correlated with tumor size (r = 0.3, 0.28, 0.2; p = 0.01, p = 0.01, 0.04, respectively) and lymph node metastasis (r = 0.32, 0.34, 0.2; p = 0.003, 0.005, 0.04, respectively). Elevated pretreatment urinary NMP22, E-cadherin and total protein levels was associated significantly with bladder cancer recurrence (p = 0.02, 0.001, 0.005, respectively). In conclusion, determination of urinary NMP22, E-cadherin and total protein in bladder cancer patients or persons at risk of developing bladder cancer will help in early detection of the disease and prediction of recurrence. The use of a combination of tumor markers is markedly useful than the assessment of single one.     

Case Report: Liquid-based cytology aids in primary fallopian tube cancer diagnosis

Primary fallopian tube carcinoma (PFTC) is a rare malignant carcinoma among all genital tract malignancies. It occurs most commonly in postmenopausal women and is similar to ovarian malignancy historically and clinically. Because of its insidious onset and silent course, the diagnosis is made usually postoperatively. Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is a type of method for cervical cancer screening, but sometimes it may aid in making PFTC diagnosis. We report a 47-year-old woman with PFTC, whose diagnosis was made with the aid of LBC.     

宫颈鳞癌中耐药标志物HSP27和MT的表达及意义

目的:探讨子宫颈癌变过程中,耐药标志物热休克蛋白27(heat shock protein 27,HSP27)和金属硫蛋白(metallothionein MT)的表达特点,为指导子宫颈癌患者化疗方案制定和提示预后积累资料.方法:集子宫颈切除及活检标本118例,其中有正常宫颈组织13例;子宫颈上皮内瘤变(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN)25例;子宫颈鳞状细胞癌80例.在鳞癌组中高分化鳞癌13例、中分化鳞癌53例、低分化鳞癌14例.以S-P免疫组织化学方法,显示HSP27和MT的表达水平.结果:染色显示细胞核或细胞浆被染呈大小不一,深浅不等的棕黄色颗粒.HSP27在正常宫颈上皮、CIN和宫颈鳞癌中阳性率分别为7.69%、24.00%和46.25%,三组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).在正常宫颈中MT阳性率为7.69%(1/13),CIN中阳性率为28.00%(7/25),在宫颈鳞癌中阳性率为56.25%(45/80),三者间有显著性差异(P＜0.01).HSP27和MT的阳性表达率在不同分化程度的宫颈鳞癌间无显著差异.结论:HSP27和MT在正常宫颈、宫颈上皮内瘤变、宫颈鳞癌的阳性表达率逐渐升高(P＜0.01).HSP27和MT的过度表达可分别或联合作为临床上早期诊断宫颈癌或判断CIN预后的参考指标.     

Screen p53 mutations in hepatocellular carcinoma by FASAY:A novel splicing mutation

INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer in new cases per year (626 000) and the third most common cancer resulting in death (598 000) (Parkin et al., 2005). China is the country most seriously suffering from HCC, accounting for 55% of total cases and deaths worldwide per year. The clinical behavior of HCC is heterogeneous and difficult to predict, and in patients undergoing resec-tion, recurrence rates can be as high as 50% in two years and life ex…     

MICROSATELLITE ALTERATION AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS IN COLORECTAL CARCINOMA

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＣｏｌｏｒｅｃｔａｌｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ (ＣＲＣ)ｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｃｏｍｍｏｎｍａｌｉｇｎａｎｃｉｅｓｗｈｏｓｅｉｎｃｉｄｅｎｃｅｉｎ ｃｒｅａｓｅｓｙｅａｒｂｙｙｅａｒｉｎＣｈｉｎａ (Ｆａｎｅｔａｌ.,1 993 ) .ＴｈｅｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒｇｅｎｅｔｉｃｓｏｆＣＲＣｉｓａｍｏｎｇｔｈｅｂｅｓｔｕｎｄｅｒｓｔｏｏｄｏｆｃｏｍｍｏｎｈｕｍａｎｃａｎｃｅｒｓ.Ｔｈｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｃｏｌｏｒｅｃｔａｌｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｓａｍｕｌｔｉｓｔａｇｅｐｒｏｃｅ…