体育赞助合同的若干法律问题探析

采用献资料等研究方法，阐述了体育赞助的商业性、公益性及其意义。从法学角度分析了体育赞助合同与赠与、买卖合同的区别，论述了《合同法》对体育赞助的法律保护中存在的问题，并对完善《合同法》对体育赞助的法律保护进行了探索。     

Acerca del hielo en el islam medieval

The history of ice in medieval Arab societies is obscured behind a mosaic of a variety of references and scholarly citations. Beyond al-Qalqashandī's reference to organised ice trafficking in fourteenth-century Mamluk Egypt, we do not have conclusive evidence on the origin and use of ice as a consumer product. In this paper we trace its presence based on three genres of references: historical and literary quotations, medicine and literature pertaining to food. These references allow us to consider the extent of ice consumption in the Arab world before the ninth century, as well as the existence of an organised trade throughout the Middle Ages from that time. However, contrary to the Persian world, with its well-documented Iranian yakhchals, we still know virtually nothing about ice-houses in medieval Arab societies. We also know very little about the profession of the thallāj or ice-seller, or whether the widespread consumption of ice that originated in Spain in the sixteenth century was in fact a legacy of an earlier trade in al-Andalus.     

企业异质性与贸易中介理论研究新进展

新新贸易理论诞生近十年来,贸易理论家围绕企业异质性假定进行了细致而富有成效的拓展研究。其中引人注目的是融入贸易中介的分析,打破了已有研究关于直接出口的局限,并分别基于异质性和企业内生边界视角,解释了中介技术和不完全合约对企业直接出口和中介出口等不同出口决策及福利分配的影响。本文梳理了国外最新文献中企业异质性与贸易中介理论的研究进展,解析了将贸易中介引入新新贸易理论的微观机理,并展望了其未来的发展方向。     

近10年中国新疆与中亚对外贸易依存性发展

对中国新疆与中亚2005-2014年10年间对外贸易发展变化进行对比分析,研究在时间尺度上双方贸易额、贸易结合度、贸易差额及贸易发展环境的动态变化。结果表明：新疆对中亚国家贸易额逐年提升,在中国对中亚贸易中比例逐年下降;双方贸易结合度高,但结合度在逐年下降;新疆对中亚国家存在较大的贸易顺差,并且差额在持续扩大;新疆贸易发展环境优于中亚国家,近年双方贸易环境日趋转好。为进一步优化双方贸易,提出如下建议：加强新疆加工贸易的发展,提高进口原料的消化能力;加强新疆从中亚国家的进口工作,平衡双方贸易差额;积极推进双边自由贸易区的建设。     

晋陕蒙边界地区武术文化发展及成因

运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,对晋陕蒙边界地区武术文化发展及成因进行研究.指出,该地区地处特殊的文化地理位置,形成了明显有别于农耕与游牧的半农半牧社会文化生态体系.伴随着两种文明的不断碰撞与交融,武术这一身体文化也在该地形成了独特的文化形态,并对摔跤、射箭和武术文化进行具体分析.对成因的探究显示,黄河是凝聚农耕思想的武术身体文化在晋陕蒙边界地区传播发展的根基与命脉,长期的民族冲突为武术技击的传承与发展提供了动力,移民则是武术文化在该地区传播的载体.     

Conceptualizing an East Asian popular culture

Since the 1980s, popular cultural products have criss‐crossed the national borders of East Asian countries, enabling a discursive construction of an ‘East Asian Popular Culture’ as an object of analysis. The present essay is a preliminary attempt to provide some conceptual and analytic shape to this object, delineated by its three constitutive elements of production, distribution and consumption. Each East Asian location participates in different and unequal levels in each of these component processes. Production can either be located entirely in a single geographic location or, alternatively, each of the necessary constituent sub‐processes can be executed from different locations; preference for either arrangement tends to reflect the relative dominance of the production location in exporting its finished products. Consumption and thus consumers are geographically located within cultural spaces in which they are embedded. Meanings and viewing pleasures are generated within the local cultures of specific audience. Conceptually, among the several possible consumption positions, the one in which an audience watches an imported programme is most intriguing. In this viewing position, differences between the cultures of the location of consumption and that of the production location become most apparent. The audience member has to bring his or her own cultural context to bear on the content of the imported product and read it accordingly. In this sense, the cultural product may be said to have crossed a ‘cultural’ boundary, beyond the simple fact of its having been exported/imported into a different location as an economic activity. Such an audience position requires the consumer to transcend his or her grounded nationality to forge abstract identification with the foreign characters on screen, a foreignness that is, in turn, potentially reabsorbed into an idea of (East) ‘Asia’; a potential ‘East Asian identity’, emerging from consumption of popular cultural products, is thus imaginable.     

中外文化双向交流中的出口商标翻译

由于文化的差异,在商标翻译中要全面考虑国外消费者的社会文化特点和消费心理,在宣传民族文化和产品特性的同时,追求语言朴实、形象鲜明的商品形象。跨文化交际是动态的,商标的翻译应该考虑文化交流的动态性,走出广告翻译的误区。     

我国文化产品出口影响因素分析

采用2002—2013年我国对33个国家（地区）文化产品出口额的面板数据,运用扩展的引力模型,对我国文化产品的影响因素进行静态和动态分析。静态模型分析表明：中国和进口国（地区）的经济规模、进口国（地区）的收入和科技应用水平、共同边界和共同自贸区对我国文化产品出口有着显著的促进作用,文化距离有着显著的阻碍作用,地理距离有一定的阻碍作用但并不显著;动态模型的回归结果显示：前一期文化产品出口对于当期有着明显的促进作用,这种促进作用部分抵消了地理距离和文化距离的阻碍作用。经济新常态下,应以经济总体发展带动文化产业发展,以创新驱动文化产业发展;加强对外文化交流,弱化文化距离的阻碍作用;积极参与全球和区域经济合作,从经济合作中拓展文化产品出口的渠道。     

中国出口商品的技术结构与贸易竞争力研究--对1995-2012年10类商品MS、RCA、TC和IIT的综合评价

根据Lall（2000）提出的贸易产品技术分类体系进行商品分类,进而分别测算中国1995—2012年10类商品的国际市场占有率（ MS）、显示比较优势指数（ RCA）、贸易竞争力指数（ TC）和产业内贸易指数（ IIT）,分析表明：中国出口商品的技术结构和贸易竞争力都得到了很大提升,在保持传统低技术制成品强大竞争力的同时,部分中高技术制成品的出口取得突破性进展,以市场换技术的发展战略基本成功;但商品贸易竞争力仍主要来自劳动力成本优势,且出口商品的产业集中度过高,仍处于全球价值链的低端。应促进各类高技术产业的发展,抢占其价值链的高端,并在某些中高技术产业重点突破,提高整体贸易竞争力。     

政府规制与中国稀土产品出口增长的二元边际?--对2001-2012年微观贸易数据的实证分析

采用HS?6位数级微观贸易数据,计算2001—2012年中国稀土产品出口增长的二元边际,并进一步分析相对出口规制程度、相对产量与出口增长二元边际之间的相互影响,结果表明：中国稀土产品出口规制政策对稀土产品出口增长的集约边际和扩展边际都有促进作用,其中对集约边际的影响更大;而相对产量对二元边际有负面影响。在中国经济新常态下,随着稀土产品出口规制政策的逐步弱化,应加强对稀土产业的生产规制,提高产品附加值,实现从规模速度型粗放增长向质量效率型集约增长的转变;并积极开拓新的出口市场,促进稀土产业的良性扩张。