试论太极拳的呼吸方式

太极拳运动中的呼吸方式与动作的配合,对于提高太极拳演练水平和技击技巧以及健身效果都有至关重要的作用,也是太极拳运动深入发展的课题.文章运用综合论述法对太极拳运动中的几种呼吸方式进行阐述与分析,着重论述了不同的呼吸方式在太极拳运动中的运用,以及在练习太极拳时常见的几种影响呼吸的问题.     

对武术套路呼吸节奏调节方法的研究

武术套路运动呼吸节奏的好坏直接影响套路演练水平,武术套路运动正确的呼吸方法有:提气法、沉气法、聚气法、托气法4种。掌握正确的呼吸方法,并与技术动作协调配合,对提高武术套路演练技巧有良好的效果。     

康复运动处方对青少年支气管哮喘患者呼吸机能的影响

观察康复运动处方对青少年支气管哮喘患者呼吸机能的影响。支气管哮喘患者31例，随机分成A、B两组，A组11例维持已有的药物治疗；B组20例在已有药物治疗基础上实施康复运动处方。两组的观察时间均为12周，对所有患者试验前后的哮喘症状、肺功能及不良反应进行了随访观察和测定。结果：肺活量、肺功能FEV1、PEF明显改善，提示哮喘症状呈逐步稳定状态。喘息、痰量、哮呜音症状改善有效率分别为A组63．64％、45．45％、54．56％；B组85％、75％、80％。试验所取得的正向效果。证明了康复运动处方对改善和提高青少年支气管哮喘患者的呼吸机能有显著效果．     

吐纳行气术与保健治疗功--试析汉简《引书》和帛画《导引图》

汉简<引书>和帛画<导引图>中,蕴含了十分丰富的吐纳行气术与保健治疗功法.文中阐述了吐纳行气的基本理论及其特点;介绍了吐纳行气术的医疗保健作用、导引功法与行气的配合及吐纳行气的实用功法.     

浅析用血乳酸值调节、控制中长跑的训练强度

衡阳市体校中长跑组9名男运动员运动后的血乳酸值、有氧阈和无氧阈及心率等指标进行了测试，并对测试数据进行了较为全面系统的量化分析，为教练员在训练中评定运动强度、合理安排训练负荷和间歇时间以及监控训练效果等方面提供参考建议和实践依据。     

新型最小流量装置开发研究

新型最小流量装置是将原来给水泵的再循环阀与再循环减压装置于一体。其作用是当汽轮发电机组启动、停机时 ,给水泵流量小于最小值时 (一般为额定流量的 30 % ) ,为防止泵内流量过小出现过热或汽化 ,此装置自动打开 ,故称最小流量装置。当流量超过最小值时 ,则装置自动关闭。此装置对于确保火力发电厂发电运行参数的稳定 ,保证机组发电安全 ,有着重大意义。Turbo -bascade多级节流最小流量阀 (新型最小流量装置 )目前国内尚无开发。开发该项目应用前景广阔 ,社会经济效益巨大。     

Defect in mitochondrial functions in damaged human mitral valve

Mitochondrial diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders in which a primary mitochondrial dysfunction is proven by morphological, biochemical, and genetic examinations. The mitral valve has important function in the regulation of blood flow from one chamber to another. Often, the mitral valve becomes abnormal with age, in Rheumatic fever or it is abnormal from birth (Congenital) or it can be destroyed by infection i.e. bacterial endocarditis and needs replacement. Myocardial function depends on energy produced by mitochondria and in any of these disease conditions, mitochondrial functions and enzyme activities may be impaired. With this in view, we analyzed the relationship between preoperative clinical conditions (as per New York heart Association) and extent of mitochondrial enzyme activities in damaged Human mitral valve in two types of heart disease such as Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) and Bacterial Endocarditis (BE). Thirty nine Patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for routine valvular heart surgery were included in the study. Controls included 11 normal porcine mitral valve samples without any evidence of heart disease. Mitochondrial enzymes like cytochrome oxidase (COX), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), citrate synthase (CS) and ATPase were determined. Mitochondrial COX, SDH, CS and Total ATPase activities were significantly decreased in disease condition like BE and RHD when compared with control (P<0.001). On the other hand as per New York Heart Association (NYHA) preoperative clinical classification, all the mitochondrial enzymes were significantly (p<0.05) impaired in class IV as compared with NYHA class I, II and III. Present study shows that impairment in the mitochondrial enzymes activities are more pronounced in bacterial endocarditis (BE). It also indicates that damage to mitochondrial enzymes are most pronounced in NYHA class IV.     

Negative Valve Overlap Mode of HCCI Operation Using Gasoline and Diesel Blended Fuels

The negative valve overlap (NVO) strategy of HCCI operation was experimentally investigated on a gasoline HCCI engine operated with variable valve timing in association with the addition of diesel fuel. The experimental results show that, by using gasoline and diesel blended fuels, the required NVO interval for suitable HCCI combustion under a given engine speed and a moderate compression ratio condition could be reduced, and the HCCI combustion region was extended remarkably without substantial increase in NOx emissions under a given inlet and exhaust valve timing due to the improvement of charge ignitability. In addition, the possible scale of NVO was extended. A substantial increase in the lean limit of excess air ratio and the upper limit of load range can be achieved because of higher volumetric efficiency, resulting from the decrease in the required NVO and the presence of less residual gases in cylinder.     

水压轴向柱塞马达配流盘的研究

This paper has introduced the developments of water hydraulic axial piston equipments.According to the effects of physicochemical properties of water on water hydraulic components,a novel valve plate for water hydraulic axial motor has been put forward,whose moment exerted by the fluid field between valve plate and bearing plate is balanced entirely.The material screening experiment of valve plate is done on the test rig.Through numerical simulation the effects of some geometry parameters on the performance of water hydraulic motor have been studied.The silencing grooves on the valve plate in water hydraulic motor can reduce the pressure shock and the occurrence of cavitation effectively.It is evident that the appropriate structure should change the wear status between matching paris and reduces the wear and specific pressure of the matching pairs.The specimen with the new type valve plate is used in a tool system.     

一体化停水自闭式水阀创新设计

通过对现有停水自闭式水阀的现状及存在的主要问题进行分析,介绍了一体化停水自闭式水阀的工作原理及该水阀的创新点,并对该机构的使用前景进行了描述,对当今停水自闭式水阀的设计提供了一种新颖、实用的方法。