广西大学生自杀意念与抑郁障碍相关分析及对策研究

目的:了解广西大学生自杀意念和抑郁的发生率及相关性分析。方法:分层整群抽样方法抽取在校学生3000名,采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、自杀意念自评量表(BSI-CV),结果:大学生抑郁、自杀意念的发生率分别为38.0%、15.9%,多因素Logistic回归分析显示:女性、一和四年级、医学专业、有抑郁障碍的大学生自杀意念的发生率高。且抑郁越严重,自杀意念发生率越高,抑郁6项因子(心情抑郁、易哭、绝望、无用感、无价值感、兴趣丧失)与自杀意念发生率密切相关。结论:大学生自杀意念与抑郁的发生率较高,自杀意念的发生与抑郁及其相关因子有显著正相关。     

柏格森、厨川白村与胡风

胡风的文艺理论较多地吸收了柏格森的生命哲学与厨川白村的文艺心理学的影响．柏格森生命哲学中的“绵延”、“直觉”概念及厨川白村的“苦闷的象征”的文艺现，影响了有“主观战斗精神”的胡风文艺理论。     

《苦闷的象征》与中国新文学作家的创作

《苦闷的象征》以其丰厚的理论内涵对中国新文学的发展产生了重要影响,受到该著所倡导的文艺观的浸润和启发,20世纪20年代的中国文坛形成了一股以《苦闷的象征》为标志的现代主义文艺思潮。新文学作家主要从“苦闷”主题的书写、现代意识的吸纳、象征主义的运用三个方面吸纳了该书的核心观点并把它内化到自己的创作中,从而使他们的创作呈现出鲜明的时代特色和现代品格。     

大学生抑郁心理与自尊关系研究

目的:通过对河西学院200名大学生的问卷调查和内隐联想测验,探讨当前大学生抑郁心理和自尊的关系。统计结果表明:外显自尊和内隐自尊具有相对独立性;不同性别的大学生在抑郁、自尊水平上存在显著差异;大学生的抑郁与外显自尊呈显著负相关,与内隐自尊相关不显著。     

“积极心理学”对高职在校生心理干预的意义与实践

积极心理学作为心理学领域中新近发展的一门学科,其实质是研究那些发生在正常生活轨道上的事件。将积极心理学引入高职院校心理健康教育,其意义在于高校心理健康教育工作不再仅仅针对“问题学生”,而是通过挖掘与引导学生群体与个体潜在的正面的能量来达到解决心理问题的目的。而且通过中长期危机检验验证,其干预效果与传统心理学干预相比较有着较为明显的效果,为高职心理健康教育提供了新的工作思路。     

Delinquency,depression, and substance use disorder among child welfare-involved adolescent females

Although adolescents with delinquency are known to have higher-than-average rates of depression or substance use disorder (SUD), research on the topic is inconsistent. It remains unclear weather depression or SUD leads to delinquency, whether delinquency leads to depression or SUD, or whether there is bi-directionality. Utilizing the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (Wave I: 2008–2009; Wave II: 18 months later: N = 5872), we used logistic regression to predict depression from delinquency (and vice versa), and SUD from delinquency (and vice versa). After inclusion of control variables, we found that females with minor theft in Wave I were more than 4 times as likely (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 4.34; 95% CI: 1.10–17.16) as females without minor theft to be depressed in Wave II, and those with public disorder in Wave I were almost 3 times as likely (aOR = 2.74; 95% CI: 1.03–7.30) as those without public disorder to have SUD in Wave II. Overall delinquency also predicted depression or SUD, and SUD predicted delinquency. Practitioners could address risk for depression or SUD among child welfare-involved adolescent females by focusing on overall delinquency or on specific types of delinquency (minor theft for depression and public disorder for SUD) and by offering interventions (e.g., cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy) that have been shown to be effective in preventing depression or SUD. In addition, with respect to our finding that SUD predicts delinquency among adolescent females, practitioners can help prevent delinquency by offering interventions (e.g., intensive outpatient treatments) that have well documented effectiveness in addressing SUD.     

从《永州八记》谈柳宗元游记散文

柳宗元被贬永州时写了不少游记,《永州八记》尤为著名。这些文章不仅用清新秀美的文笔描绘了自然山水的种种形态,而且寄寓了自己政治上遭受迫害的愤激,透露出作者寂寞孤愤高怀傲物的感情色彩。人们从“永州八记”中或隐或现地可以看到作者的遭遇与凄凉心境,也可领略柳宗元游记散文的独特风格。     

对高职女生抑郁状况的调查——以湖北职业技术学院为个案

通过对湖北职院254名高职女生抑郁状况的调查,发现抑郁症状指数在0.5~0.7之间的有86人,占被调查总人数的33.85%。这说明高职女生中1/3左右的学生有不同程度的抑郁。文章提出高职院校应重视学生的抑郁状况,有针对性的开展心理咨询工作。     

Negative caregiver strategies and psychopathology in urban,African-American young adults

OBJECTIVE: There were three aims: (1). assess the prevalence of reported exposure to negative caregiver strategies in a community-based African-American population, (2). examine the sources of variation in caregiver parenting strategies, including demographic variables and child characteristics, (3). investigate whether mental disorders in young adulthood may differ based on reported degree of exposure to negative strategies. METHOD: The participants were 1197 African-Americans involved in a 1999-2001 young adult follow-up (age M=19.6, SD=.6) of an evaluation of school-based interventions in the Baltimore, MD metropolitan area. Measures included teacher-report of child aggression in first grade, parent-report of demographic variables in first and sixth grade, and young adult self-report of symptomatology, suicidal behaviors, and childhood caregiver discipline strategies. RESULTS: Fifty-four percent of the sample reported some use of physical discipline by caregivers. Lower family income and younger caregiver age, as well as teacher reports of child aggression, were related to reports of caregiver's high use of negative strategies. In addition, young adults who reported a high rate of negative caregiver strategies had a significantly increased risk for psychopathology and were over twice as likely to have experienced a history of suicidal ideation than those reporting low exposure.CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate the importance of examining variation in this population, with the poorest and the youngest using negative parenting strategies more frequently. In addition, the present study replicated previous findings of the link between negative caregiver discipline strategies and psychopathology. This association appears robust across diverse populations. The implications for preventive interventions are discussed.     

成果为本的专业设计——基于加拿大北阿尔伯塔理工学院实施OBE教学改革的启示

基于"成果为本"的教育理念,参照加拿大北阿尔伯塔理工学院进行成果为本的教学改革,提出了基于成果为本进行专业设计与课程开发的4个步骤,主要包括:专业规划、教学计划设计、教学大纲设计及教案设计,明确了专业设计和教学实施过程的核心是成果,紧紧围绕成果使专业设计与教学实施过程形成了良性的闭环控制系统,并以开办婴幼儿护理专业为例,给出基于成果为本的专业设置方法.