运动员患龋情况调查分析

根据世界卫生组织口腔健康调查表,依据《我国龋病、牙周疾病调查标准》,制定调查问卷表对现役浙江省优秀运动员102人和普通人群（浙江大学学生）111人进行问卷调研,并由口腔专家现场进行口腔检查,根据结果进行相关因素统计分析。运动员入队的时间,饮食习惯,对自身口腔卫生的重视程度,因口腔问题引起的心理变化等可能是运动员龋病发病率高的主要原因。     

氟离子透入预防学龄前儿童龋齿的效果评价

目的评价氟离子透入预防学龄前儿童龋齿的效果。方法随机抽取泰州市海陵区12所幼儿园3-4岁儿童共1283名为实验组,另外11所幼儿园3-4岁儿童共1198名为对照组,实验组使用NF-Ⅱ型护齿仪进行氟离子透入防龋治疗,对照组不做任何防龋措施。结果经过3年跟踪调查,实验组儿童每年患龋增长率呈逐年下降的趋势,而对照组儿童呈逐渐升高的趋势。实验组儿童的患龋率、龋均均低于对照组,有显著性差异（X~2=110.36;P〈0.005）。结论氟离子透入预防儿童龋齿效果显著,该方法防龋工作效率高,无创伤,安全卫生,避免交叉感染,幼儿易于接受,适宜在幼儿园群体防治。     

Evaluation of Flow Rate,pH, Buffering Capacity,Calcium, Total Proteins and Total Antioxidant Capacity Levels of Saliva in Caries Free and Caries Active Children: An In Vivo Study

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the physicochemical properties of saliva such as flow rate, pH, buffering capacity, calcium level, total protein and total antioxidant levels in caries free and caries active children. The present study included one hundred and twenty healthy children who were divided into two groups; group I and group II comprising of age groups 7–10 and 11–14 years, respectively. Both the groups were then sub-divided equally according to gender. They were further divided into caries free and caries active with 15 children in each group. Unstimulated saliva was collected by suction method and flow rates were determined. The samples were then analyzed for pH, buffering capacity, total protein, calcium and total antioxidant capacity. The data was statistically analyzed using student t test (unpaired). The results revealed that when all these parameters were compared among the caries free and caries active children, flow rate, pH, buffering capacity were slightly reduced in caries active children, but total protein and total antioxidant capacity of saliva increased significantly in caries active children and the total calcium decreased significantly in caries active children. Within the limitation of this study, we conclude that, the physicochemical properties of saliva play a major role in the development of caries.     

建筑陶瓷产业转移对区域经济影响的灰色关联分析

选取2007年建筑陶瓷行业产业转移的13个地市三大产业的产值、引进建筑陶瓷企业投资金额及GDP作为原始数据,通过灰色关联分析方法来度量它们之间的灰色关联度,找出建筑陶瓷产业转移与地方经济发展指标的联系,以期为有关部门制定陶瓷产业发展策略提供参考。     

Walking pace and the risk of stroke: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

PurposeThe extent to which walking pace is associated with a reduced risk for stroke remains unclear. This study examined the association between walking pace and stroke risk based on prospective cohort studies.MethodsDatabases of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and China National Knowledge Internet were searched from the inception dates to January 31, 2019, for prospective cohort studies focusing on walking pace and risk of stroke in adults. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the quality of the studies. The dependent measure was stroke incidence. Using random-effects models, a meta-analysis was performed to estimate the overall relative risks (RR) of stroke incidence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the individuals with the fastest walking paces vs. individuals with the slowest walking paces. A dose-response relationship was also examined.ResultsAfter screening 1294 titles/abstracts and 14 full-text studies identified in the search, 7 studies (from 8 cohorts) were included in the meta-analysis. The 7 studies included a total of 135,645 participants (95.2% women; mean age 63.6 years) and 2229 stroke events (median follow-up time = 8.0 years). Compared to individuals in the slowest walking-pace category (median = 1.6 km/h), individuals in the fastest walking-pace category (median = 5.6 km/h) had a 44% lower risk of stroke (pooled RR = 0.56, 95%CI: 0.48–0.65). There was also a linear dose-response relationship (RR = 0.87; 95%CI: 0.83–0.91), with the risk of stroke decreased by 13% for every 1 km/h increment in baseline walking pace. We observed similar results across walking-pace assessment, type of stroke ascertainment, stroke subtypes, sex, sample size, and duration of follow-up.ConclusionFindings from this meta-analysis indicate that walking pace is inversely associated with the risk of stroke.     

光线斜入射对光栅衍射的影响

在一种特殊的斜入射情况下,对光栅衍射现象进行了理论分析和实验研究,导出了衍射谱线偏移量和光栅倾斜角的理论关系式,其结果与实验现象完全吻合。所涉及的方法和结论为研究光栅的衍射规律提供理论依据,在相关技术应用中具有参考价值。     

浅谈詹姆斯·布坎南的公共债务理论

詹姆斯·布坎南的著作《公共债务的公共原则》最广为人知的观点是公共债务使公共活动的成本从当下转移到未来公民身上。这种观点与社会是由独立个体组成的观点相反,社会是由独立个体组成的观点是把一代人看作一个整体和一个行为主体,是研究以代表性主体、社会化个体为代表的宏观经济理论家所持的观点,与布坎南本人的《选择与成本》以及其他专著的论述相左。对布坎南的观点进行理性的思考和解读,通过比对布坎南1958和1969年的专著和研究,认为其保持了高度的连贯性和合理性,即成本转移只能在个体间而不能在不同代际间进行。认为基于宏观经济理论的公共债务和基于公共财政的公共债务具有显著区别。很多经济学家认为《公共债务的公共原则》是宏观经济学著作,而实际上应该归于公共财政和公共经济学范畴。     

Race,ethnicity, and child maltreatment: An empirical analysis

Using central registry data for Texas for 1975–1977 of validated cases of abuse and of neglect, a study was conducted to investigate empirically the relationship of child maltreatment to ethnicity, addressing methodological issues that merit consideration in such studies.The ethnic composition of the at-risk population was 61% Anglos, 15% Blacks, and 24% Mexican-Americans. The annual rates for all abuse and neglect were 2.87, 3.17, and 3.94 per 1,000 under 18 population for Anglos, Mexican-Americans, and Blacks, respectively. Abuse was more predominant among Anglos, accounting for 33.5% of the validated cases of maltreatment, than among Mexican-Americans and Blacks, accounting for 25.2% and 29.4% of the maltreatment, respectively. Neglect was the major dynamic of maltreatment for Mexican-Americans and Blacks, accounting for 65.6% and 61.2% of the maltreatment, respectively, with Anglos having 55.4% of the maltreatment due to neglect. These relationships were not altered when rural-urban differences were taken into consideration.     

我国外汇储备的灰色关联分析与趋势预测

本文通过运用灰色关联法对影响我国的外汇储备的因素进行分析,找出影响我国外汇储备的主要关联因素,并运用GM（1,1）模型对未来几年的外汇储备量进行了预测。     

福建省汉族学生屈光近视、龋齿发生率的现状研究

为了解“十一五”期间福建省汉族学生常见疾病的现状,运用测试法、数量统计等方法,将2010年福建省汉族学生的视力、屈光、龋齿发生率的检测结果与2000年和2005年进行对比分析,结果表明：学生乳牙与恒牙患龋率得到了显著的改善,但学生视力低下、屈光近视的检出率上升．因此,各级政府、学校、科研人员应加大对向好指标的巩固,加强对落后指标的干预．