“网络为王”时代的媒体公信力认定——网络媒体评价指标与方法

网络媒体的迅速扩张表明其在信息传播中的地位与作用越来越重要，但是这种新媒体也面临着有效传播的问题，要建立网络媒体的公信力，首先要对其进行评价和认定。通过定性和定量的方法，对网络媒体的利用率、网络信息质量、网络影响力等的评价是目前对网络媒体公信力评价的基本方法。     

Building an Infrastructure for Archival Research

This article chronicles the rapid expansion since 1990 of research within archival science and characterizes contemporary archival research culture. It examines the role and state of key factors that have led to the development of the existing research infrastructure, such as growth in doctoral education, forums for presenting and publishing research, the numbers and size of graduate archival education programs, availability of diverse funding for research, transdisciplinary and international research collaborations, and application of innovative research methods and tools appropriate for investigating increasingly complex and wide-ranging research questions. An Appendix articulates and names archival research methods, including those derived and adapted from other disciplines, with a view to adding to the “literary warrant” for archival research methods, promoting the rigorous application of research design and methods, and providing sources for the teaching of research methods for professional and research careers. The article concludes with recommendations about how to sustain and extend the emerging research front.     

汉语自动分词研究的发展趋势

汉语自动分词是计算机中文信息处理中的难题。文章通过对现有分词方法的探讨，指出了汉语自动分词研究未来的发展趋势，即传统文本的有效切分，计算机技术的快速发展，改造书面汉语书写规则。参考文献35。     

Teaching Appraisal in an American (U.S.) Archives Program

The author, a professor at Simmons College in Boston, Massachusetts, discusses the use of selected archival literature to nurture an appraisal mindset, particularly within the American context. She then addresses in some detail types of appraisal case studies and the variety of ways that they may be used as teaching tools.     

聚焦设计:实践与方法(上)——美国“以学生为中心”的本科教学改革研究之三

本文是美国"以学生为中心"的本科教学改革研究之三,主要介绍在这场改革中美国学者和教师创造的行之有效的实践和方法。全文共九部分。第1~3部分介绍相关文献、科学基础和大学教学有效性双因素假设。第4~6部分介绍由科学研究、受生活与职业发展影响和由经验总结而产生的实践与方法。第7部分是SC方法论,讨论了"SC方法树"、"3650"框架和5个"方法论误区"。第8部分是关于SC改革的未来,介绍了颠覆性创新概念和两所创新性学校。文章特别强调了设计在课堂教学模式改革中的核心作用。好的设计能把SC原则贯穿教学实践,能结合学生实际,促进学生有效学习。由于原文较长,故分为上下篇发表。上篇包括前四部分,下篇包括后五部分。     

UNIMARC Format Relevance: Maintenance or Replacement?

This article presents an empirical study focused on a qualitative analysis of the UNIMARC format. An analysis of the structural quality of the data provided by the format is evaluated to determine its current suitability for meeting the requirements and trends in data architecture for the information network and the Semantic Web. Driven by a set of quality characteristics that identify weaknesses in the data schema that cannot be bridged by simply converting data to MARC XML or RDF/XML, we conclude that the UNIMARC format is not compliant with the current metadata schema desiderata and must be replaced.     

Benefits to Collection Development Librarians from Collaborating with “Community-Embedded” Librarians-In-Training

The 21st century collection manager encounters serious challenges in collection development (e.g., budget shortages, lack of skilled personnel, lower agency prioritization, and reduced available staff time). This article explores a practical, low-cost solution to these challenges that prevent collection developers from regularly creating/managing adequately balanced collections. It discusses the role of 93 “community-embedded” librarians-in-training to develop contextually situated collections in a graduate course taught seven times in an information sciences program in a southern land grant university. Findings of collection management activity tasks completed during the course provide evidence of accrued tangible outcomes/benefits to motivate collection development librarians and their information agencies collaborate with librarians-in-training in future initiatives.     

Citizen-Centered Journalism and Contested Boundaries

This article explores the existence of a “citizen-centered journalism” that sees citizens as crucial participants in the construction of news and as co-creators of their own worlds. Through qualitative case studies of three news organizations, the article examines the motivation for using a citizen-centered approach, the news routines that are required to do so, the categories of content produced, and the perceived impact of this approach. The results suggest these news organizations are working in partnership with communities and striving to give a voice to historically marginalized communities. The journalists, however, see citizen participation as complementary to professional journalistic routines that favor verifiable information, rather than assigning inherent value to it for its own sake.     

群体性纠纷的示范诉讼解决机理与构造

在群体性纠纷解决过程中, 群意表达易被集体意旨所表征而成为公开文本, 但群体成员个体表意的隐藏文本并不能有效转化为合意而被吸纳其中、 并在最终影响群体司法正义的实现. 既有群体司法虽通过直觉法中的情理因素涵摄以及法庭的非社会化给予响应, 但也由此造成了群体性司法诉讼效率与共识达成的现代化之殇. 德国针对私人投资者建立的首个示范性诉讼立法实践表明: 通过示范诉讼契约吸纳当事人诉讼处分合意,可改善群体司法对每一个当事人的诉讼权保障程度; 通过诉讼退出制, 可协调无法达成 "集体意旨" 的少数当事人另行起诉; 灵活运用包括胜诉酬金制在内的起诉激励, 也在一定程度上纾解了群体性诉讼巨型化的困局.     

教师培训新形式:案例教学

对案例教学的内涵,案例研发以及案例教学的实施进行了探讨。