二尖瓣病变合并冠心病13例外科治疗体会

目的总结二尖瓣病变合并冠心病的外科治疗体会。方法对13例二尖瓣病变合并冠心病患者同期行二尖瓣置换或成型及冠脉搭桥术,回顾性分析,临床资料。结果术后1例死于严重心律失常,其余均存活。随访3—36个月,心功能恢复至Ⅰ-Ⅱ级9例,Ⅲ级3例,未出现心肌缺血症状。结论术前明确诊断,充分准备,术中加强心肌保护,提高手术水平,缩短手术时间,加强围手术期治疗是手术成功的关键。     

基于虚拟手术技术的肝脏外科教学

为缓解临床外科教学中尸源紧张的局面,提出基于虚拟手术技术的肝脏外科教学改革.虚拟手术技术能够直观地显示肝内组织结构与管道系统的毗邻关系,并提供各种手术方案的模拟训练.在肝脏外科教学中,虚拟手术技术可以加快医学生对肝脏解剖结构的熟悉过程,提高教学质量和效率,优化教学过程.     

床旁快捷教学法在胸外科临床见习中的应用

目的：探索床旁快捷教学法在胸外科见习中的应用。方法：对到胸外科见习的临床医学本科生进行床旁快捷教学,评估教学效果。结果：胸外科见习中运用床旁快捷教学法,教学效果良好。结论：胸外科见习中运用床旁快捷教学法有助于迅速调动学生的积极性,激发学生的兴趣,培养语言表达能力和思考分析能力,提高教学效率,值得推广使用。     

Assessment of Middle Ear Anatomy Teaching Methodologies Using Microscopy versus Endoscopy: A Randomized Comparative Study

Teaching methodologies for the anatomy of the middle ear have not been investigated greatly due to the middle ear’s highly complex structure and hidden location inside of the temporal bone. The aim of this randomized study was to quantitatively compare the suitability of using microscope- and endoscope-based methods for teaching the anatomy of the middle ear. We hypothesize that the endoscopic approach will be more efficient compared to the microscopic approach. To answer the study questions, 33 sixth-year medical students, residents and otorhinolaryngology specialists were randomized either into the endoscopy or the microscopy group. Their anatomical knowledge was assessed using a structured anatomical knowledge test before and after each session. Each participant received tutoring on a human cadaveric specimen using one of the two methods. They then performed a hands-on dissection. After 2–4 weeks, the same educational curriculum was repeated using the other technique. The mean gains in anatomical knowledge for the specialists, residents, and medical students were +19.0%, +34.6%, and +23.4%, respectively. Multivariate analyses identified a statistically significant increase in performance for the endoscopic method compared to the microscopic technique (P < 0.001). For the recall of anatomical structures during dissection, the endoscopic method outperformed the microscopic technique independently of the randomization or the prior training level of the attendees (P < 0.001). In conclusion, the endoscopic approach to middle ear anatomy education is associated to an improved gain in knowledge as compared to the microscopic approach. The participants subjectively preferred the endoscope for educational purposes.     

New Resources for Childbirth Educators and Parents

In this column, reviewers offer perspectives and comments on a variety of new media resources for childbirth educators and for expectant and new parents. The topics of DVDs and books reviewed here include fatherhood, labor-support techniques, optimal labor positions, infant massage, breastfeeding, healthy nutrition during the childbearing year, understanding a newborn''s cues, personal viewpoints on cesarean birth, and postpartum massage.     

网络平台在口腔颌面外科学成人高等教育中的初步应用

为提高成人高等教育教学效果,收集典型教案、病例资料、教学幻灯,建立成人教育精品课程网站及网络论坛交流平台,丰富成人高等教育手段。学生可通过网络进行自学、复习以及自我评估,提高分析和解决实际问题的能力。     

3D打印模型结合多媒体技术在脊柱外科临床实践教学中的应用前景

为评价3D打印模型结合多媒体技术在脊柱外科临床实践教学中的实践效果。以腰椎骨折为例,利用3D打印模型结合多媒体技术进行腰椎骨折内固定术的临床实践和技能培训,并通过技能考核和问卷形式评估本科生对腰椎骨折内固定术的熟悉度。与传统教学组比较,3D打印模型结合多媒体技术的实践教学方法可以提高本科生的积极性,强化腰椎骨折内固定术的理论记忆,显著提高本科生的动手操作能力,是一种推广性强、效果显著的临床实践教学模式。     

“案例教学”在口腔颌面外科学教学中的应用

目的:在青海大学医学院口腔颌面外科教学中应用案例教学法,以期在口腔颌面外科教学中提高教学效果。方法:根据《口腔颌面外科》第6版教学大纲,选择具有代表性、典型性的病例,制订案例教学方案。学生在教学前熟悉病例相关问题,见习时教师组织学生按照提供的案例,结合具体病例,要求学生针对所有问题进行讨论发现。结果:90%学生认为案例教学方式比传统的教学方式更有吸引力,更有挑战性,收获也更多。结论:基于案例分析的教学模式,把学生置于主动地位,提高了学生的参与意识及学习积极性,进一步加强了学生整合、系统化相关知识的能力,对培养学生的临床思维能力很有帮助,此法值得在临床教学中推广。     

肛管恶性黑色素廇7例临床分析

[目的]探讨肛管恶性黑色素廇以手术方法治疗的疗效.[方法]临床选择肛管恶性黑色素廇患者7例,4例患者采用m ile’s术;1例患者采用扩大m ile’s术;1例患者采用局部切除术,术后3个月复发再行m ile’s术;1例患者拒绝手术;7例患者随访至今.[结果]6例患者手术后平均生存18个月以上,1例患者拒绝手术,7个月后死亡.[结论]肛管恶性黑色素廇采用手术治疗可以有效提高存活时间.