客户智能模式在建立客户关系管理中的核心竞争力

对企业核心体系的演变及客户关系管理存在模式———客户智能进行分析,可以避免企业在具体操作过程中的许多问题,增加企业的核心竞争力。     

关于建立健全教学质量监控制度体系的探讨

提高教学质量是高等学校永恒的主题。因此，如何抓教学管理、促进教学质量提高仍然值得探讨，本从常规检查、督导、评导、评教、听课、自我评估诸方面，提出了建立健全教学质量监探制度体系的见解。     

浅谈高师音乐教育对教师素质的要求

高师音乐教育是音乐教育的主要组成部分之一,担负着高级的音乐专业人才培养的使命.但是,长久以来人们对高师音乐从教人员的非技能性的素质要求未形成系统而成熟的看法.高师音乐教育首先是一门师范教育,它必然要求从教人员具备师范教育所应有的、并包含音乐特性的素质:个性化的处理能力、风格培养、特殊教学语言的使用等.同时也应充分认识到相关的艺术素养如文学、美学等知识的重要性以及在音乐教学中所采用的独特的思维方式.     

Special educational needs in mainstream secondary school physical education: learning support assistants have their say

Learning support assistants (LSAs) gained more political and academic attention in Britain after Estelle Morris announced that schools of the future would include more trained staff to support learning to higher standards. LSAs, thus, should form an integral part of the culture of all school departments in Britain, including physical education (PE). The paper uses Antonio Gramsci's concept of hegemony to explore the processes and practices that shape the views and experiences of LSAs and ultimately the extent to which they facilitate an inclusive culture in PE. A web survey gathered the views and experiences of LSAs vis-à-vis the inclusion of pupils with special educational needs (SEN) in mainstream secondary school PE in North-West England. A modified version of the tailored design method participant contact strategy resulted in 343 LSAs starting the web survey, with 154 (45%) following it through to completion. All quantitative data were analysed using Microsoft Excel whilst qualitative data were subjected to thematic analysis. This entailed the identification of recurring themes and patterns present in the data. The findings highlight the hegemonic status of English, maths and science when it comes to the allocation of SEN resources, which most LSAs support and often reinforce. PE is particularly disadvantaged in this hierarchy of subject priority. The majority of LSAs have not received PE-specific training, which brings into question their ability to facilitate inclusion in PE. Moreover, many schools do not appear to value the involvement of LSAs in the planning of differentiated lessons, which could have a negative impact on the PE experiences of some pupils with SEN given that LSAs are perhaps most aware of the specific learning needs of the pupils they support.     

“Sport for Development” in developing countries: The case of the Vilas Olímpicas do Rio de Janeiro

The benefits of sport for general social outcomes has permeated sport policy in Brazil since the beginning of the twentieth century, but recently the jargon of “development through sport” is more overtly informing public policy and government action in this field. Despite increased uptake of the positive discourse of “sport as a development tool”, the reality for government-funded and -run “sport for development” programs is one far removed from enjoying the attention and financial investment needed to reach their stated development goals. This paper focuses on one such program: the Vilas Olímpicas do Rio de Janeiro. When analysing the specific matters associated with the management of this program three themes were identified that encapsulate the main issues that emerged during the analysis: partnerships, conflicting aims, and community involvement. These themes are analysed in light of the literature that discusses the application of “sport for development” programs worldwide and we conclude with some questions on the applicability of well-defined frameworks and approaches to such programs when these programs themselves tend to operate in very ill-defined and unstable environments.     

论刑事诉讼中的“举证责任”——我国与英美法系国家“举证责任”理论之比较

由于诉讼模式和历史习惯的差异,各国法学家关于"举证责任"的观点大相径庭。通过从实体和程序两个方面对我国和英美法系国家的"举证责任"的理论进行比较,力图对我国"举证责任"的理论和立法技术起到借鉴作用。     

美国融合教育的政策特点与实施效果

美国是融合教育发展较为完善的国家之一,制定和遵循政策是其高标准开展融合教育的一贯原则。1975年以来,美国系列联邦教育法律始终贯彻融合教育理念,其法案中关于融合教育政策演变目标从人本补偿走向全人发展,参与主体实现了权力博弈与责任分担并进,治理结构从扁平形式走向扁平实质,运行机制从制度“面”发展到制度“体”。数年来,在政策推动下,美国提高了融合程度和教育质量、构筑了多元主体支持保障体系、推动了教师资格认证和教育惩戒制度的有效运行。     

美国虚拟特许学校的运行机制述评

虚拟特许学校是虚拟学校与特许学校的结合体,反映了美国最新的教育改革动向。其办学主体较为多元,需满足特定的办学资质要求并获取相应的授权。而且虚拟特许学校的生源具有门槛较低、来源多样的特点,学生学费主要由政府资助。他们所采取的是市场化的教学运营系统,其课程通常交由第三方公司编制,通过网络平台提供个性化的教学,并对学生的学业状况进行动态监控。虚拟特许学校的评价体系包括质量导向的政府评价、优胜劣汰的市场评价和丰富多样的社会评价等。     

来华留学生的自我呈现:途径与机制

来华留学生的跨文化交流会影响其留学体验,基于新制度主义社会学视角,研究采用质性研究方法对来自北京师范大学的14位来华留学生进行了访谈、观察和实物收集,探究其自我呈现的途径及作用机制。研究发现,来华留学生以学习场域的边缘人、交往的分化者、精神空间的建构者、情感能量的获得者、反身性的调适者五种角色进行自我呈现。恰适性逻辑与结果性行为逻辑共同构成的社会适应逻辑作用于来华留学生个体的行为选择与身份表达。因个体行为与制度间的高度互动性,影响其自我呈现的制度构成包括规制性的安排与惯例、规范性的交往规则、文化-认知性的社会框架。所以高校不仅要在规制性层面进行政策调整,还应当对文化-认知与情感层面予以关注,从而促进来华留学生的跨文化适应。