延续中的变迁——《当代华南的宗族与社会》述评

《当代华南的宗族与社会》是一部人类学对宗族变迁进行研究的力作。论著侧重主位方法和追踪研究方法,注重文化持有者的本土文化解释,还原研究的本土内涵。在研究视角上,注重整体性,基本上以宗族为主线,力求反映华南族群的整体情况。在内容上,主要论述了传统与现代的关系,并且关注了社会变迁下的延续。     

刘应秋山水诗论析

刘应秋的山水诗是对安康地域山水的诗意描写,也是诗人行踪游览景点的记录与感慨。其山水诗有传统山水诗歌的隐逸避世情怀,更有咏怀抒情、历史兴亡等人生思考,这是对山水诗的新变。     

相变储能材料的应用与制备研究进展

相变储能材料是近年来国内外研究的热点,对于能源日益紧缺的今天,研究相变储能材料显得尤其重要。介绍相变材料的分类、应用及近年来制备研究进展。     

面向业务平台原理及其在软件工程中的作用

为了解决业务应用系统软件工程中需求变更带来的系统研发滞后,以及业务人员同软件开发人员沟通带来的沟通偏差等问题,面向业务平台将业务应用系统分离为系统层和业务层。在业务层,业务人员使用业务设计器直接进行需求建模,系统层业务引擎负责执行业务模型。这样使系统适应变化能力增强,是随需应变的解决之道。     

Media Logic and Political Logic Online and Offline

One aspect of the mediatization of politics is the idea that political actors adapt to the communication logic of news media to gain, for example, news media attention. Currently, this process may be influenced by the diffusion of the internet as a political communication channel, especially because online communication provides a new opportunity for political actors to communicate directly with citizens. Thus far, the adaptation to media logic by political parties has mainly been examined in the context of election campaigns. In order to transfer these findings to regular political communication, this study compares the use of media logic in the mass media and in direct political communication channels online and offline about the United Nations Climate Change Conferences 2011 and 2012. A quantitative content analysis of the conference protocols (input) and the presentation of the conference results in the seven most frequently used German offline news outlets (print and TV) and their online counterparts, as well as political offline and online communication channels like parliamentary speeches and websites of the six parties represented in the German parliament (output), was conducted. Results show that in the context of regular political communication, political actors seem to follow media logic to a lesser extent than in the context of election campaigns. Thus far, the influence of online communication on the mediatization of politics seems to be rather marginal. The causes and consequences of these findings are discussed.     

Problem-based learning used in the context of cardiac rehabilitation: different scenes and different roles

Several studies show that how patients have difficulties in changing lifestyle even though such changes are essential because they are suffering from a life-threatening disease. Coronary artery disease (CAD) patients met 13 times during a year and used problem-based learning (PBL) to improve their empowerment and self-efficacy in making lifestyle changes. District nurses functioned as tutors, helping patients to formulate issues and to state self-care goals. To identify and describe the enactment of PBL, an ethnographic approach was used, including, for example, participant observations and interviews, all derived from six sessions of the education programme. Five different enactments were found, metaphorically expressed as: ‘The study circle’, ‘The classroom’, ‘The expert consultation’, ‘The therapy session’ and ‘The coffee party’. The education programme did not always function as it was supposed to according to the model, but perhaps this should not be seen as a failure of the pedagogical intervention since these enactments as a whole seem to be a way for the patients to be able to make healthy lifestyle changes. The metaphors can broaden the understanding of what can happen when implementing problem-based learning in health care practice.     

浅谈事件域认知模型视角下的英语词义演变

国内学者将英语词义演变方式主要分为词义扩大、词义缩小、词义降格、词义升格和词义转移五类。事件域认知模型是王寅提出的一种认知模型,它弥补了Langacker,Talmy,Lakoff等人提出的认知模型的不足,具有较强的解释力。基于此,运用该理论对词义变化中的升降现象进行认知解释,并通过分析总结出英语词义扬升和贬降所体现出的事件域部分特点,以期促进事件域认知模型的广泛应用和加强对词义演变的理解。     

省域高等教育结构调整策略——以河南为个案

在1998-2007年我国高等教育结构变迁中,河南高等教育结构有其特殊性,主要体现在:层次结构呈重心偏低的金字塔型,形式结构中普通高校扩张而成人高校萎缩,科类结构中工学和文学比例较高,布局结构呈以郑州为中心的辐射状。依据外部适应与内部协调原则,河南高等教育结构现状存在不合理因素,要努力提升学位层次的重心,提高科技创新人才培养能力;继续保持普通高校的发展趋势,转变成人教育发展思路;依据经济发展需求调整科类结构,完善高校专业设置;建设中原高等教育城市群,推动省域高等教育的协调发展。     

Using communities of practice to enhance interdisciplinary teaching: lessons from four Australian institutions

We report on the establishment of communities of practice at four Australian institutions and evaluate their effectiveness and durability as a means of building staff and institutional capacity for interdisciplinary teaching. A community of practice approach is a potentially valuable methodology for overcoming dynamics of fragmentation, isolation and competition within universities. The communities we established were anchored by a shared focus on the topic of climate change and they worked collaboratively to build relationships of trust and reciprocity between teachers in a wide range of disciplines. The aim of each community was to improve the teaching of climate change through enabling members to integrate diverse disciplinary perspectives, to teach collaboratively, to promote innovation through exchange and to demonstrate leadership within their institutions. The key factors that made our communities effective and durable are: (1) designation of two leadership roles, activator and facilitator, (2) provision for institutional autonomy in domesticating the model to fit local circumstances and (3) a pragmatic emphasis on opportunities for teaching innovation and leadership within existing administrative structures, teaching programs and workloads. We conclude that suitably designed and resourced communities of practice are a viable means of improving interdisciplinary teaching of complex problems by facilitating both staff development and institutional learning.