科技期刊论文图片的鉴定

对科技期刊论文中图片的抄袭和篡改问题进行研究,从图片属性分析、源码分析和利用JPEGsnoop软件鉴定等方面,提出图片篡改的识别方法,为科技期刊在论文收录时,能准确判断图片是否被刻意篡改或抄袭,以打击学术不端行为.     

利用引文确定领域关键文献的方法探析

[目的/意义]确定基于引用关系提取关键文献时各种方法的优缺点、适用场合,从而使用户快速捕捉领域重要文献,掌握领域概貌。[方法/过程]基于文献引用关系,从文献被引频次、文献引用网络、文献共被引网络3个角度,结合HistCite、CiteSpace等软件探讨领域关键文献的识别方法,通过同源数据的实际验证,对不同方法进行判别比较。[结果/结论]基于被引频次的方法更适合选择特定领域中哪些文献对总体文献的科学进步产生重大影响角度提取关键文献,对应的关键文献集合呈现非常分散的特性;基于引用网络的方法更适合从特定领域研究动态提取发展过程中的关键文献,对应的关键文献集合呈现非常明显的集中特性;基于共被引网络的方法更适合从特定领域研究基础角度提取关键文献,对应的关键文献集合呈现较强的集中性,且能发现原始采集中未发现的大量关键文献。     

规则认同、个体学习与转型期社区共享资源合作治理

本文尝试将规则认同偏好、个体信念学习调整纳入多人自愿合作的分析框架,并构建了基于转型期社区共享资源合作治理的博弈理论模型,考察规则认同偏好异质性、个体学习在社区共享资源合作治理中的作用机理,并进行了相应的仿真模拟分析。研究表明,规则认同偏好的异质性影响个体的策略选择调整,进而影响社区共享资源的合作治理,尤其是当政府在部分或完全退出社区共享资源治理情况下,对避免或弥补转型期社区共享资源“治理真空”具有重要的影响作用。此外,自发治理的规则认同程度与合作治理的形成概率成正比,且规则偏好在一定程度上可以缓解共享资源合作治理的成本问题。但随着治理成本的不断上升,规则认同与合作治理两者之间的条件比率呈递减趋势。     

Self-categorization process in sport: An examination of the “Linsanity” phenomenon in Taiwan

The “Linsanity” phenomenon attracted an increase in attention toward the National Basketball Association (NBA) for a short period of time. Drawing on self-categorization theory to elucidate current literature on team identification, this research proposed a conceptual model delineating the social psychological process for international consumers during the phenomenon. Using an online survey with a convenience sample in Taiwan, structural equation modeling, including confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and path analysis, validated the conceptual model and confirmed the relationships between constructs in the model. Results indicated that Taiwanese identification positively influenced player identification, while player identification mediated the relationship between Taiwanese identification and team identification. Consequently, team identification positively influenced NBA involvement. The research findings together contribute to explicating the mechanism behind consumers’ self-categorization process during the “Linsanity” phenomenon while offering implications for international sport marketing. The research concludes with suggestions for future research.     

Discriminating talent-identified junior Australian football players using a video decision-making task

This study examined if a video decision-making task could discriminate talent-identified junior Australian football players from their non-talent-identified counterparts. Participants were recruited from the 2013 under 18 (U18) West Australian Football League competition and classified into two groups: talent-identified (State U18 Academy representatives; n = 25; 17.8 ± 0.5 years) and non-talent-identified (non-State U18 Academy selection; n = 25; 17.3 ± 0.6 years). Participants completed a video decision-making task consisting of 26 clips sourced from the Australian Football League game-day footage, recording responses on a sheet provided. A score of “1” was given for correct and “0” for incorrect responses, with the participants total score used as the criterion value. One-way analysis of variance tested the main effect of “status” on the task criterion, whilst a bootstrapped receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve assessed the discriminant ability of the task. An area under the curve (AUC) of 1 (100%) represented perfect discrimination. Between-group differences were evident (P < 0.05) and the ROC curve was maximised with a score of 15.5/26 (60%) (AUC = 89.0%), correctly classifying 92% and 76% of the talent-identified and non-talent-identified participants, respectively. Future research should investigate the mechanisms leading to the superior decision-making observed in the talent-identified group.     

Positional group significantly influences the offensive and defensive skill involvements of junior representative rugby league players during match play

This study examined the skill involvements of three positional groups across a junior representative rugby league season. Data were collected from 45 rugby league players (mean ± SD; age = 16.5 ± 1.0 years) currently participating in the Harold Matthews and SG Ball Cup. Players were subdivided into hit-up forwards, adjustables and outside backs. The frequency (n · min^?1) of offensive, defensive and overall involvements was coded for each group using a notation system and a practical coach skill analysis tool. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed a significant effect of playing position on skill involvements (F = 9.06; P < 0.001; ES = 0.41). Hit-up forwards performed a significantly greater frequency of offensive (0.31 ± 0.10), defensive (0.42 ± 0.15) and overall involvements (0.74 ± 0.19) when compared to adjustables (0.20 ± 0.08, 0.28 ± 0.08 and 0.52 ± 0.15, respectively) and outside backs (0.20 ± 0.12, 0.11 ± 0.07 and ± 0.31 ± 0.17, respectively). Further, adjustables performed a significantly greater number of defensive (0.28 ± 0.08) and overall involvements (0.52 ± 0.15) when compared to outside backs (0.11 ± 0.07 and 0.31 ± 0.17, respectively). The findings of this study suggest that it is important to consider a junior player’s positional group when analysing their skill involvements. Information gained from this study could assist in the design of specific training methodologies for junior rugby league players in high-level talent development programmes.     

Sprint and jump performances do not determine the promotion to professional elite soccer in Spain, 1994–2012

ABSTRACT

The aims of this study are (a) to describe the evolution of neuromuscular performance over an 18 year period within a Spanish elite reserve team; (b) to check if there were any relation between the playing position and sprint and jump performances and (c) to look into the alleged impact of this factor on the top playing level attained by the soccer players. We considered the physical tests (5 m and 15 m sprint times and countermovement jump (CMJ) height) made by 235 players enrolled in the reserve team of the Club from 1994 to 2012 and the highest competitive-level they achieved: Spanish first (n = 39) and second divisions (n = 36) and semi-professional (n = 160). Furthermore, the players were classified according to their playing positions. The main findings were a very-likely/most-likely lower neuromuscular performance (ES = 0.48–0.68, small to moderate) in the last six-season term (2006–2012) than in the first term (1994–2000); possibly/very-likely lower performances in sprinting and CMJ (ES = 0.22–0.55, small) by central defenders (CDs) and midfielders than by other playing positions; very-likely better performances in sprinting and jumping by first and second divisions central defenders than by semi-professional central defenders (ES = 0.90–1.02, moderate). Sprint and jump performances are not a relevant physical parameter to promote to the top level of soccer in Spain except for one in six of the playing positions: CDs.     

教学风险初探

20世纪50年代以来,随着风险管理这一新兴管理学科的迅猛发展,其走入教学范畴是自然而然的事情。教学风险是指教学的实际结果与预期结果间的偏差。导致或加剧教学的实际结果与其预期结果之间的偏差的原因或条件,被称为教学风险的风险因素。依据不同的分类标准,可以对教学风险进行不同的分类。当前我国应加强对教学风险的研究与应对工作。     

Understanding the consequences of victory amongst sport spectators: The mediating role of BIRGing

Prior work on the relationships between team identification and spectators’ reactions to one's team victory has largely neglected the potential effects of mediating variables. In this research, we proposed that the process of Basking in Reflected Glory [BIRGing – the tendency to reduce the distance between oneself and one's team; Cialdini, R. B., Bordon, R. J., Thorne, A., Walker, M. R., Freeman, S., &; Sloan, L. R. (1976). Basking in reflected glory: Three (football) field studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 366–375] would lead spectators to almost take ownership of victories and share its benefits, thereby impacting their sense of national belonging in a positive manner. To this end, participants (N?=?73) were asked to watch an edited video clip showing a victory of the French national rugby team playing against South Africa. As expected, results revealed that BIRGing mediated the relationship between team identification and one's sense of national belonging. In closing, a number of implications are discussed along with future research avenues pertaining to the sport spectatorship literature.     

一种提高掌纹识别率方法的研究

掌纹识别是利用人的手掌掌纹图像对其身份进行认证的一种生物特征识别技术,有着巨大的发展潜力。掌纹线中的主线和皱褶是重要的特征,在空间域内掌纹图像中纹理的疏密和深浅,与频域内能量聚集和紧密程度相关。目前的掌纹研究主要集中在就一种掌纹特征的提取算法上如何提高匹配率,而对结合两种以及两种以上的掌纹特征的提取算法,如何提高掌纹识别匹配率的讨论较少。提出了一种有效提高掌纹识别率的方法,即结合点特征的提取和傅立叶变换特征的提取,提高掌纹特征匹配识别率。将该方法与单独使用点特征提取和傅立叶变换提取进行了比较实验,实验结果证明新方法的识别率有明显提高。