中国畜禽粪便养分资源总量及替代化肥潜力

明确畜禽粪便资源数量及养分总量,计算其替代化肥潜力,对指导实现化肥零增长和减施增效具有重要意义.本文研究的畜禽种类包括牛、马、驴、骡、猪、羊、家禽和兔,利用排泄系数法估算了1980-2016年中国畜禽粪便的养分资源总量,并计算畜禽粪便替代化肥潜力.结果显示:①1980-2016年畜禽粪便和养分资源总量呈快速增长—稳定发...     

大学化学实验中的误差理论教学

简单阐述了误差理论教学的意义,实验过程必然存在误差,误差理论教学是培养和提高学生能力和素质的一个重要途径;分析了化学实验中误差理论教学普遍被忽视的原因;对进一步做好误差理论教学提出了几点建议.     

纳米碳掺杂TiO2的制备、表征及可见光光催化性能实验

结合科研成果,开设了一种简便的纳米碳掺杂TiO2的制备、表征和可见光光催化性能的实验。实验内容涵盖材料化学、无机合成、仪器分析、催化等专业知识,涉及材料和环境等领域。可作为大学化学综合型实验,也可以此为基础升格为大学化学综合创新型实验。     

Teaching chemical bonding through jigsaw cooperative learning

This study examined the effectiveness of jigsaw cooperative learning in teaching chemical bonding at tertiary level. This study was carried out in two different classes in the Department of Primary Science Education of Atatürk University during the 2005–2006 academic year. One of the classes was the non‐jigsaw group (control) and the other was the jigsaw group (experimental). Students in the jigsaw group were divided into four ‘home groups’ since chemical bonding is divided into four subtopics (Modules A, B, C and D). Each of these home groups consisted of four students. The subjects covered were ionic bonding (Module A), covalent bonding (Module B), hydrogen bonding and van der Waals (Module C) and basic concepts about bonds (Module D). The main instrument for obtaining data was the Chemical Bonding Achievement Test (CBAT), which was applied to both groups. The CBAT was divided into four modules (A, B, C and D), in which each module consisted of five questions (four multiple‐choice and one open‐ended). The data obtained indicated that the students in the jigsaw group were more successful than those in the non‐jigsaw group.     

采用酚醛植物纤维素粘附CO_2的化学防火研究

当前化学防火材料耐火极限较低,且成本较高。设计一种新型的有机防火材料,结合传统的有机植物纤维防火材料和酚醛FRP型防火材料的优点,采用酚醛植物纤维素粘附CO2技术得到一种新型防火材料。以活化的天然酚醛聚合材料为聚阴离子性正极材料,并把有机植物纤维素溶解到超临界溶剂中,研究其化学平衡和极相平衡,通过化学反应产生一种惰性液相介质,采用固相辅助回流法合成新型的酚醛植物纤维素。材料在受到高温燃烧过程中形成活性电子极性传导性差,能有效吸附CO2,阻止燃烧。通过实验和性能测试验证了该防火材料的良好性能,防火能力和抵抗时间增强。     

我国有机精细化工领域技术创新与科学研究关系的专利计量分析

以我国在美国专利商标局(USPTO)申请的有机精细化工专利为研究对象,采用非专利引文(Non-patent References,NPRs)分析方法,从多个角度对该领域技术创新与科学研究的关系进行探讨。研究表明,我国有机精细化工领域的技术创新对科学研究有着较强的依赖性,且这种依赖有不断增强的趋势;该领域技术创新所需的科学知识主要来自国际一流期刊,美国、中国、日本等是最主要的来源国家,公共科学为我国该领域的发展提供了重要支撑。     

"高师化学实验教学内容和课程体系改革研究"综述

天水师范学院化学系"师范化学教育专业化学实验教学内容和课程体系改革研究"科研课题组对师范化学实验教学管理体制和实验内容进行了改革研究,将无机、有机、分析、物化和教法五类化学实验进行了综合,建立了"综合化实验新体系",该体系具有统一性、基础性、综合性、设计性和地方性等特色,经应用试验,效果良好.     

In situ growth of large-area and self-aligned graphene nanoribbon arrays on liquid metal

Intrinsic graphene features semi-metallic characteristics that limit its applications in electronic devices, whereas graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are promising semiconductors because of their bandgap-opening feature. However, the controllable mass-fabrication of high-quality GNR arrays remains a major challenge. In particular, the in situ growth of GNR arrays through template-free chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has not been realized. Herein, we report a template-free CVD strategy to grow large-area, high-quality and self-aligned GNR arrays on liquid copper surface. The width of as-grown GNR could be optimized to sub-10 nm with aspect ratio up to 387, which is higher than those of reported CVD-GNRs. The study of the growth mechanism indicates that a unique comb-like etching-regulated growth process caused by a trace hydrogen flow guides the formation of the mass-produced self-aligned GNR arrays. Our approach is operationally simple and efficient, offering an assurance for the use of GNR arrays in integrated circuits.     

原电池教学设计

基础教育课程改革倡导师生在教学中进行科学探究，让学生自行建构知识网络。根据这种理念，就原电池一节的教学设计了一种科学探究的教学模式。     

化学实验废弃物处理方法研究

化学实验废弃物常被随处遗弃，由此造成的环境污染和经济浪费不容忽视．根据绿色化学原理，针对常见的化学实验废弃物，按不同类型和不同状态，研究设计了化学实验废弃物处理基本方法，实现了化学实验废弃物的有效处理（回收和转化）．