提升我国政府执行力的路径选择

提升政府执行力是政府工作的本质要求,是建设服务型政府的必然要求,也是提高我国政府执行行为合理性和有效性的关键。在分析影响我国政府执行力提升的障碍因素的基础上,提出了当前政府执行力提升的路径选择方案,以期能够对我国政府执行力的建设有所帮助。     

Critical moments in negotiating authority: grading,accountability, and teacher education

Understanding teacher educators’ reasoning about critical moments in negotiating authority can inform efforts to foster democratic teacher education practices and prepare future teachers to teach democratically. We know very little, however, about critical moments in negotiating authority, particularly in teacher educators’ practices. The purpose of this study was to examine, using self-study methodology, a teacher educator’s assumptions and perspectives about purposefully and explicitly negotiating authority through grading and accountability processes in an undergraduate teacher education course. From a critical pedagogical lens – concerning the intersection of classroom power relations, democratic citizenship, and student growth – the findings suggest that seeking legitimacy through consensual acceptance, responding to students’ expressed interests, and constructing knowledge through continual questioning present potential frameworks for constructing purposeful pedagogical partnerships consistent with democratic aims in teacher education.     

高管薪酬、收入差距与企业绩效关系实证研究——来自中国制造业A股上市公司的经验证据

以2012年1 189家中国制造业A股上市公司为样本,实证研究高管薪酬、收入差距与企业绩效之间的关系。研究结果表明,公司高管薪酬与企业绩效显著正相关,公司高管与一般员工的收入差距与企业绩效呈现显著U型相关,从而支持了薪酬激励理论。进一步研究还表明,薪酬激励的效果随公司的实际控制人类型的不同而呈显著的变化,这对不同控制人类型的公司进行适宜的薪酬激励设计和安排具有重要价值。     

追求责任心的声誉--世纪之交的加拿大高校

本文反省、批评、讨论并分析了自 2 0世纪 80年代以来 ,教育经费削减对加拿大各大学的影响以及由此所产生的不良后果。文章指出 ,为弥补教育经费大幅缩减 ,加拿大各大学纷纷自行寻找经费来源 ,包括政府和企业的专项经费 ,并追求责任心声誉。由此产生的消极影响是 ,学校的科学研究方向被政府和企业的片面需求所主导 ,学校的传统及基础科学研究方向遭到削弱。此外 ,学校行政管理部门在对科研与教学进行评估时 ,借用了企业管理中的定量评估方法 ,使得教学科研人员在科研上倾向于只注重短期效应 ,在教学上则更多地迎合学生对职业技能的需求 ,而忽视了基础性教育的作用。     

当前我国城市社区建设刍议

剖析了当前我国城市社区建设中存在的主要问题,指出推进社区建设是我国当前经济与社会发展的必然要求,提出了推动社区建设步入良性发展的道路亟需完成的几项任务.     

Media Accountability and Journalists: To Whom Do Spanish Professionals Feel Responsible?

ABSTRACT

This paper analyses to whom Spanish journalists feel responsible. To achieve this objective, we sent out a survey to Spanish journalists to ascertain their opinion on this question. The journalists’ point of view was then compared with that of the general public though six focus groups consisting of Spanish citizens from six cities in Spain (Barcelona, Castellón, Madrid, Sevilla, Mondragón and Santiago de Compostela). Lastly, five in-depth interviews were conducted with journalism experts (e.g., directors of professional journalist associations). The main results show that the journalists feel particularly responsible to their conscience, the journalism code of ethics and their sources. The citizens, in contrast, believe that journalists should be responsible to the audience. We contextualised the Spanish finding in the European context by comparing our results with those derived from a study among European journalists.     

Executive functioning and word reading in Hong Kong Chinese children: A 1-year longitudinal perspective

This study examined the bidirectionality between kindergarten children's executive functioning (EF) and word reading across two time points. Participants were 523 Hong Kong Chinese-speaking children (mean age at Time 2 = 64.59 months; 52.9% male) and their parents. At Time 1, children were administered the measures of EF skills: inhibitory control, attention shifting, working memory and Chinese word reading. They were reassessed with these measures at Time 2 one year later. Results from the cross-lagged panel model revealed that, controlling for child age, gender and parental education levels, children's word reading at Time 1 was significantly predictive of their working memory at Time 2, but that the three EF skills at Time 1 were not predictive of word reading at Time 2. These findings underscored the role of early word reading in promoting children's working memory.     

论行政决策的立法

无论是科学发展还是和谐社会,都离不开民主与科学的决策。行政决策立法是决策民主化与科学化的制度保障,也是依法治国、建设法治政府的题中应有之义。我国宪法为行政决策立法提供了直接法理依据,而发达国家的法治实践则提供了有益的借鉴。20多年对决策规律的探索,依法决策、民主决策、科学决策已成为全党的共识。在全面推进依法行政的进程中,立法规范政府的决策行为,顺乎民心、符合民意,而国务院通过的政府信息公开条例,则为决策立法奠定了直接的制度条件。     

行政伦理与服务型政府建设

服务型政府、行政问责、大部制三者实际上已构成了我国第六次机构改革的总体思路,尝试性地分析了三者的内容及其相互间的关系。面对新一轮机构改革给行政伦理道德建设带来的机遇和挑战,提出以成人社会化、行政伦理的制度化等途径培育、强化我国行政人员的责任情感和责任意识,以“内部控制”机制促进行政管理体制改革的深入发展,为铸就服务型政府铺实伦理道德之路。     

高校问责制初探

问责制起源于公共行政领域。随着教育民主化浪潮的推进,问责制也被逐渐引入教育管理体制中,在英美等国的高校管理中受到广泛的应用。文章在对荚美等国问责制进行分析的同时,从制度建设的层面提出构建我国高校问责制的策略：明晰权责内容,规范问责程序,明确问责范围,健全问责机构。