刍议独生子女早期体育教育

随着科学技术的飞跃发展,生产力水平的日益提高,人们的生活水平不断改进,越来越多的独生子女家庭教育问题成了整个家庭的主要问题。然而在教育思想上许多家庭并没有跟上时代的发展步伐,尤其是在独生子女家庭里,一些旧的教育思想依然存在,并且表现得尤为突出,对孩子的过分溺爱成了许多独生子女家庭必然存在的问题。一些社会因素、家庭因素以及现实原因让独生子女早期的体育教育几乎为零,而独生子女身上出现的问题却非常让人担忧,如：肥胖、近视、自私、不易与人交往、不善于动手、动脑等。大部分孩子活在父母及至祖辈们的呵护下,失去孩子应有的空间,因此,不管是作为父母还是体育教育工作者们都要清楚地认识到培养独生子女参加体育运动的良好习惯,不仅是其身体心理成长的需求,还对规范独生子女的行为以及培养独生子女的意志品质具有重要意义。家长应转变教育观念并以身作则带领独生子女参加户外体育锻炼,在生活中培养独生子女的体育特长及爱好,并和独生子女一起养成良好的锻炼习惯。体育教师更应转变教育思想,不仅教学生锻炼身体更应教他们怎样科学、有趣地参加体育锻炼,乃至让学生积极主动参与体育运动,树立终身体育意识。     

“单独二孩”政策对城市80后生育观的影响研究--以杭州市为例

生育政策是影响人们生育观念、优化人口结构的重要手段,对于实现人口的稳定、合理增长有着重要的意义。本研究应用问卷调查法和个案访谈法对杭州市“单独二孩”政策实施后80后的生育观变化进行了分析。研究发现：80后的生育意愿增强,对孩子性别偏好不明显,生育二孩的间隔大约为3—4年。基于此,杭州市政府应通过提供优质的生育服务;加大基础教育资源的供给;根据不同年龄段及生育间隔,及时做好应对生育高峰的准备;加强对“单独二孩”政策实施的监测力度;完善计划生育家庭的扶助制度以及提高对人口老龄化的认识等措施来正确应对人口问题。     

幼儿抗挫折能力影响因素及其培养策略研究

培养幼儿的抗挫折能力已成为一种迫切的社会需求,也是心理素质教育的一个重要课题。本文旨在探讨幼儿抗挫折能力的发展特点和影响因素,并尝试进行教育策略方面的探讨,为幼儿挫折教育的实践提供教育心理学依据。     

A preliminary mapping of individual,relational, and social factors that impede disclosure of childhood sexual abuse

Uncovering the pathways to disclosures of child sexual abuse (CSA) and the factors influencing the willingness of victims to talk about the abuse is paramount to the development of powerful practice and policy initiatives. Framed as a long interview method utilizing a grounded theory approach to analyze data, the objective of the current study was to provide a preliminary mapping of the barriers to CSA disclosures through an ecological systemic lens, from a sample of 67 male and female CSA adult survivors, all of whom had recently received counselling services. The current project led to the identification of three broad categories of barriers that were each comprised of several subthemes, namely: Barriers from Within (internalized victim-blaming, mechanisms to protect oneself, and immature development at time of abuse); Barriers in Relation to Others (violence and dysfunction in the family, power dynamics, awareness of the impact of telling, and fragile social network); and Barriers in Relation to the Social World (labelling, taboo of sexuality, lack of services available, and culture or time period). This study points to the importance of using a broad ecological framework to understand the factors that inhibit disclosure of CSA, as barriers to disclosure do not constrain solely the victims. Results are discussed in light of their implications for research, prevention and intervention programs, and social policies and media campaigns, as the burden is on the larger community to create a climate of safety and transparency that makes the telling of CSA possible.     

What do families of the ‘professional and managerial’ class educate their children for? The links between happiness and autonomy

Based on a qualitative study involving 124 professional and managerial class families in Catalonia (Spain), this paper describes the aims and objectives these families have for the education of their children. During the fieldwork, when asked what they were aiming for in the education of their children, almost all of the parents replied ‘for them to be happy’. But what kind of happiness are they talking about? What kind of education might lead to happiness? Drawing principally on the work of Kellerhals and Montandon and their ‘contractual model of education’ and Bauman’s concepts of ‘secondary security’ and ‘homo eligens’, although also taking into account the related contributions of Lareau, Vincent and Ball, Stefansen and Aarseth, and Kusserow, the paper aims to demonstrate the strong connection these families make between happiness and ‘absolute’ autonomy, understood as two sides of the same coin and seen, by the participants, as the guiding principle that should shape the way they bring their children up.     

儿童母语习得对高职行业英语口语教学的启示

该文从语言习得和语言学习的概念入手,得知儿童语言习得对第二语言的学习有一定的影响。笔者结合自己的生活经历和教学经验,从儿童母语习得过程中的语言环境、激励因素、轻松氛围以及习得方式四个方面且通过具体的事例来阐释对高职行业英语口语教学的影响,对于高职行业英语口语的教学有借鉴意义。     

独生子女大学生对《学生体质健康标准》政策态度的调查研究

通过向574名大学生发放调查问卷,分析了解独生子女和非独生子女对《学生体质健康标准》政策的态度。结果表明：（1）大学生对《健康标准》政策内容比较认同,但独生子女与非独生子女之间有显著差异,独生子女的政策认同均低于非独生子女;（2）独生子女对政策实施的认同方面与非独生子女差异不显著,但是在过程管理、教学配合、重视程度三方面有显著性差异,独生子女要高于非独生子女;（3）独生子女对政策效果的认同方面与非独生子女差异不显著,但是在负面体验方面有显著性差异,独生子女要低于非独生子女;（4）独生子女在政策满意度方面与非独生子女有显著性差异,且均低于非独生子女;（5）独生子女在政策行为方面与非独生子女差异不显著,但是在逃避和失范方面有显著性差异,独生子女要低于非独生子女;（6）通过改变教育观念、加强大学生的意志品质的培养,加强教师的服务意识和过程管理等途径来改变学生对《健康标准》政策的消极态度。     

我们是“团结”的小水滴

7～11岁的小学生正处于认知发展的具体运算阶段,这一阶段的儿童已经初步具备逻辑推理的能力,但是此时的逻辑推理尚离不开具体事物的支持。因此,本文结合该阶段学生的认知发展特点,探讨如何有效地将具体事物应用到小学科学教学的过程中。     

浅析生死观之“为变老而活着”

随时间变迁,所有人都会变老,这是必然的不可选择的．但是“为变老而活着”不是指时间上的这种大家什么都不用做都能达到的变老,而是指“自身达到自身”的完满。这种完满不以生命达到时间上的终点为可乐之事．而是缘于生命充实了自身．实现了真理的主体化。本文就各种生死观、儿童与老人的生长过程进行解析。     

幼儿智力武术游戏创编理论研究

以幼儿生理和心理特征及武术运动的基本规律为依据,研究幼儿武术游戏相关理论。遵循游戏创编原理,探究幼儿武术游戏创编的基本结构、创编要素、创编步骤。文章本着坚持游戏创编的科学性、易行性、趣味性、安全性、创新性的原则,从而探索促进幼儿身心健康发展的有效方法和途径,丰富幼儿园教育活动的内容,改善幼儿园教学课程,开发幼儿对武术的启蒙认识和培养幼儿对武术的兴趣。