依托班级公约促进幼儿规则意识养成的实践研究

将班级公约引入幼儿教育中,能增强幼儿的独立意识,提升幼儿的自主管理能力.文章分析依托班级公约培养幼儿规则意识的意义,指出教师要在游戏活动中培养幼儿的规则意识,在角色扮演活动中激发幼儿的模仿心理,在情境教育中鼓励幼儿自主制定规则,重视巩固强化幼儿的规则意识.     

‘Educare’ in Australia: analysing policy mobility and transformation

Abstract

Background: Early childhood education and care has been an area of significant policy attention, public investment and private market activity in Australia over the past three decades. Australian educationists and policy-makers have looked to international examples for evidence, policy design and institutional models. However, this area is under-researched in Australia, with regard to how these knowledge flows are theorised, and how policy is implemented on the ground.

Purpose: The paper’s purpose was to contribute new Australian-focussed conceptual and empirical insights on the trajectories, development and implementation of evidence-based policy in the field of early childhood education and care.

Sources of evidence: The paper is based on three main sources of evidence: ? the critical literature on policy transfer and policy mobility

? policy statements, reports and planning documents produced by national- and state-level governments

? data from fieldwork analysis of new capital works and programmes in the early childhood field.

Main argument: International research and evidence on the benefits of investment in early learning has had a significant impact on the framing of Australian policy. So too has a move in several countries to align early childhood institutions with schools. However, a dominant paradigm of policy transfer, reliant on pluralist and rationalist frameworks of policy-making, fails to account for the dynamics of policy development and implementation across and within jurisdictions and geographical space. Conceptualising a new alignment in Australia between children’s centres and schools as ‘educare’, this article employs the theoretical lens of policy mobility to account for the circulation and transformation of educare policy in Australian settings. Through an empirical analysis of a new educare centre in the growth corridor of western Melbourne, the article demonstrates the extent to which neoliberal policy settings outside the educational sphere, around public finance, partnership, place and infrastructure provision, influence the implementation of ‘educare’ policy.

Conclusions: The educare discourse in Australia addresses a complex and multiscalar set of policy problems that associate child development with concerns around human capital formation, economic efficiency and productivity, place making and community building, and the role of the public sector in neoliberal democracies. International circuits of knowledge, policy design and institutional models in the educare field have been significant in shaping recent Australian policy, despite well-publicised views expressed in Australia on the disconnection between academic research and policy. The strength of policy mobility as a theoretical lens to assist our understanding of these influences lies in its critique of formalism in policy-making and in its attention to fluidity and transformation. The mobility lens encourages new empirical research that focuses on spatial and institutional dynamics, assisting our reading of on-the-ground developments in Australia’s fastest growing city.     

试析我国澳门地区幼儿园入学制度

对我国澳门地区的幼儿园教育模式、入学考核、收生方式、评审内容、计划与政策等进行多角度分析与比较,有助于深入了解当地的幼儿教育制度,从而参照相关细节,使我国建立完善的教育体制模型,达到平等教育的核心理念.同时,为确保幼儿教育产业的长期发展,使其受到社会各界的重视,改变以往对幼儿阶段学习与培训的漠视,开启孩童迈入教育的漫长...     

不要让我们对这个世界无话可说——李翊云与她的《像他这样的男人》

"创伤小说"作为一个载体承担着叙述个人精神创伤与这种创伤所带来的集体文化创伤的重任。而个人所起的作用就在于他把个人的创伤经历与集体的创伤经历联系到一起。在造成创伤的因素中,人祸大于天灾。李翊云想要通过她的作品唤醒人们对于集体文化创伤的反思与再认识,希望人们不要遗忘,也不要轻易选择立场,承担起应有的社会担当,不要再轻易地再去制造一起起人祸。     

Financial literacy and classroom practices among early childhood and elementary teachers in India and the US

This study compared the financial literacy and teaching practices of 82 early and elementary teachers in India and US using a 43-item survey. Analysis showed that financial literacy of Indian teachers was lower than their American counterparts. Teachers in India enjoyed teaching financial literacy more than teachers in the US. Indian teachers received more professional development training than American teachers. Indian teachers reported using the school store, children’s literature and pictorial worksheets while American teachers reported using learning centres, play money, fake credit cards, technology and games to teach financial literacy.     

Parents’ son preference,childhood adverse experience and mental health in old age: Evidence from China

BackgroundSon preference is an enduring phenomenon in China and may often be related to childhood adverse experiences. According to a life-course perspective, adverse experiences during a childhood period may have a long-term effect on mental health in later age. However, little is known about this relationship between parents’ son preference, childhood adverse experiences and adulthood mental health in China.ObjectiveThe study aims to evaluate the association of parents’ son preference and individual mental health in old age in China. The mediating role of childhood adverse experiences was also estimated.Participants and settingThe China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2015 combined with CHARLS life history survey was analyzed (N = 11,666).MethodsMental health was measured by a shortened modification of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale including seven items, and higher scores indicated worse mental health status. A four-step mediating model was applied.ResultsRespondents growing in families with son preference had on average 0.75 (P < 0.001) points higher on the mental health scale than their counterparts, and the effects were consistent for both males and females. Childhood adverse experiences measured by physical maltreatment, emotional adverse experiences and witnesses of inter-parent violence mediated the relationship between parents’ son preference and individual adulthood mental health by 47.87%. For females, physical maltreatment and emotional adverse experiences explained the most parts of health effects of parents’ son preference, whereas witnesses of inter-parent violence was the most influential mediator for males.ConclusionParents’ son preference led to adverse childhood experiences, which influenced mental health in adulthood.     

江门地区幼儿发展与健康管理专业人才校企合作需求调查

该文采用自编调查问卷的方法,于2020年6月~7月在广东省江门市45所儿童早期教育机构、托幼中心和幼儿园等机构,就幼儿发展与健康管理专业人才需求及要求情况、幼儿发展与健康管理专业人才校企合作需求调查等问题进行了问卷调查,发现江门地区对幼儿发展与健康管理专业人才有很大的需求,用人单位更看重求职者的综合素质、对专业知识的掌握程度以及实践能力,幼儿发展与健康管理专业人才专业校企合作深度与广度有待挖掘。     

Early childhood teachers' views of nature of science: The influence of intellectual levels,cultural values,and explicit reflective teaching

This study tracked the influence of explicit reflective instructional methods on cultural values, ethical and intellectual development, and the relationship of these with preservice teachers' views of nature of science (NOS). The researchers used the Views of Nature of Science Form B (VNOS B) to describe NOS views, the Learning Context Questionnaire (LCQ) to classify preservice teachers' ethical and intellectual positions using Perry's scheme, and the Schwartz Values Inventory (SVI) to measure preservice teachers' cultural values. The interventions took place in two concurrent courses: a science methods course, and a foundations of early childhood course. The science methods course explicitly emphasized NOS throughout the semester, and the foundations of early childhood course reinforced these ideas through cultural activities that stressed empirical evidence. Analysis of data showed relationships between preservice teachers' Perry positions and responses on the VNOS B with those at higher positions exhibiting more informed NOS views. Relationships between preservice teachers' NOS views and their cultural values were identified, such as those at the dualism position holding achievement more highly for scientists than those at other Perry positions. The values preservice teachers held personally were different from those they held as important for scientists. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 45: 748–770, 2008     

家园共育视域下的智能化幼儿发展评价

在家园共育视域下,研究发现家长参与的幼儿发展评价存在评价观念偏颇、评价参与表浅以及评价沟通不足等现实困境。以幼儿发展评价在智能技术驱动下所面临的智能化升级为契机,构筑智能化幼儿发展评价双向驱动模型。该模型围绕“一个中心、双向驱动、三个阶段以及多次迭代”的内容要旨,依托智能评价系统落实三阶段幼儿发展评价实施流程,具有权责分明、精准施测以及交互充分的应用优势,有助于发挥家园共育的协同育人价值。     

汪曾祺童年经验对小说创作的影响

文章论述了汪曾祺“丰富性童年经验”对其创作的影响:(一)童年视角的采用(二)和谐氛围的追求(三)别致的风俗画描写(四)快乐的回忆之歌。