家长问卷区分自闭症谱系障碍儿童功能的探索

通过家长问卷筛查自闭症谱系障碍儿童是为常见,然运用问卷来区分功能则,本研究欲探索其可能性.结合我国社会文化编制了用于甄别自闭症谱系障碍儿童和区分其功能的家长访谈问卷,并运用该问卷对全国11个城市的2901名1-6岁普通儿童和119名自闭症谱系障碍儿童家长进行了实际调查.调查结果表明,运用该问卷既可甄别又可有效地区分自闭症谱系障碍儿童不同功能.说明运用家长问卷甄别与区分自闭症谱系障碍儿童的功能具有可行性.     

韦氏儿童智力量表与特殊儿童测查:挑战、改革与发展

韦氏儿童智力量表是迄今为止最权威和应用最广泛的儿童智力量表之一.自面世 以来,它在各特殊儿童的筛查、诊断、安置、干预与治疗过程中一直发挥着重要作用.目 前,该量表已发展到第四版,并仍在不断地修订中.总结该量表在特殊教育领域内的应用 现状并省思其在实践过程中遭遇的困境与挑战,进而把握其进一步改革的研究方向及发展 趋势,有助于促进国内特殊教育的发展.文章回顾了该量表在国内外的发展简史,就各类 特殊儿童智力测查对该量表提出的挑战进行了总结,对其实践中遇到的问题进行了分析, 指出了其在发展过程中已有的改进措施和尚未解决的问题及继续研究的方向,并在此基础 上总结了该智力测验发展的七大趋势.     

自闭症谱系障碍儿童睡眠问题的研究:回顾及思考

睡眠问题在自闭症谱系障碍儿童中有高发生率,与他们的核心特征存在错综复杂的关联.睡眠问题属于失眠症的范畴,潜在病原包括神经生物学、心理及行为和家庭环境等因素,对儿童的影响体现在社会交往与沟通、行为表现及认知和个人成长及家庭等方面,现有治疗措施主要有行为干预、药理治疗和其他疗法,最后对自闭症谱系障碍儿童教育与康复提出几点建议.     

行动学习视角下外语教师实践性知识构建研究

参考Elbaz提出的教师实践性知识分析框架,以两位高校英语教师为个案,从行动学习的视角探究高校外语教师实践性知识的构建途径,以期为高校外语教师教育与专业发展提供相关启示。     

学前儿童绘画教育之思索

学前儿童的绘画是溶入其自身情感及其表象,通过儿童内在自我建构形成的一种自我表现形式。学前儿童绘画是社会文化的一种反映,是儿童的发展水平的一种表现。学前儿童绘画教育必须在尊重儿童发展水平的基础上,结合本民族的文化特点,在尊重儿童的主体性和为儿童绘画提供有效帮助的两极动态变化之间加以调适,使之趋向平衡,使儿童潜能得以最大限度的舒展。     

玩具数量对3～6岁幼儿分享行为的影响

为了用实验的方法探讨玩具数量对3～6岁幼儿分享行为的影响,选取了某幼儿园小、中、大班各30名幼儿,将各年龄班的幼儿随机分成人数相等的三组,三组进行游戏时玩具的数量不等,即分别为玩具数量多于、等于和少于小组人数。结果表明：小班、大班的幼儿都表现出当玩具数量少于人数时,幼儿做出分享行为的人数明显多于玩具数量等于和多于幼儿人数的情况。但中班幼儿面对不同数量玩具时的分享行为差异不显著。另外,当玩具数量等于人数时,表现出了明显的年级差异,大班幼儿做出分享行为的人数显著多于小班和中班幼儿。当玩具数量多于人数或少于人数时,不同年级幼儿的分享行为差异不显著。本研究的结论是：玩具数量是影响分享行为的因素之一,随着玩具数量的减少,幼儿的分享行为在增加。     

Helping Homeless Families Overcome Barriers to Successful Functioning

The author articulates key stressors in the lives of families who are homeless. These stresses often combine with barriers such as lack of job opportunities and/or insensitive professionals. Strategies for helping homeless families overcome these barriers and related issues are presented.     

民国时期老子研究风貌管窥--《老子哲学之研究》阅读札记

在民国时期,伴随着中国现代化的进程,西方近现代学术开始大量传入中国,并为中国学术界所接受。随着"哲学"一词及其观念的传入,"老子哲学"研究一词开始频繁出现在民国时期老子研究的各类文章和书籍中,一个不同于封建时代的老子研究范式逐步被确立起来,其中许多观念一直延续至今。从金声这本名不见经传的小册子中,我们能够感受到中西思想强烈撞击的时代背景下老子研究的风貌。     

再论集体经营性建设用地信托之法构造

集体经营性建设用地使用权是一种用益物权,其可转让性得到了新修订的土地管理法的承认,可以成为集体经营性建设用地信托的信托财产。 集体经营性建设用地信托关系中的委托人和受益人都是农民集体。 农民集体作为委托人时,由于不具备我国信托法要求的民事行为能力,所以,农民集体的委托行为往往可以由经过其授权的集体经济组织代理。 集体经营性建设用地信托的受托人一般采取信托机构的形式,并有两种模式可以选择,即由政府出资成立的信托机构和商业信托机构。 前者具有一定的现实意义,而后者代表了受托人未来的发展趋势。     

Unexpected changes of itinerary – adaptive functioning difficulties in daily transitions for adults with autism spectrum disorder

Adaptive functioning skills, also known as adaptive behaviours, refer to a multifaceted concept defined as behaviours necessary for age-appropriate, independent functioning in social, communication, daily living or motor areas. In light of the growing population of children with ASD who will eventually become adults, increased understanding of adaptive functioning during the transition to adulthood is of importance, but current research in this area lacks first-hand evidence presenting adaptive skills difficulties among older adolescents and adults with ASD. This article focuses on adaptive functioning skills in daily transitions for adults with Asperger’s syndrome (AS) or high-functioning autism (HFA). It draws on evidence from 12 interviews with individuals on the autism spectrum age 16–43, and 2 focus groups with 8 family members of people affected by ASD. Particular emphasis is placed on impact of adaptive functioning difficulties on well-being and quality of life for adults with ASD. Grounded theory approach has been used to analyse the gathered data. Interviewees reflected on daily challenges associated with unexpected changes in routine, sensory difficulties and social interactions. These in turn had an impact on their adaptive functioning skills by introducing complications in the process of making transitions between different contexts and decreasing interviewees’ ability to tackle challenges of daily life. Importance placed on societal expectations towards meeting bespoken standards and conforming to norms ruling the structure and interactions of daily life were also widely discussed. Frequently such expectations did not allow for factoring in the developmental nature of ASD and related difficulties, which as a result triggered additional complexity in managing daily transitions for adults on the spectrum. Further research addressing adaptive functioning skills in daily transitions for adults with ASD is needed.