植物种子的传播方式及其适应性

种子传播是指种子以某种方式离开母株到达适宜生境萌发成苗实现定居的过程.种子传播方式有主动传播、被动传播,后者有风力传播、水力传播、动物传播、人类活动传播.植物种子的传播方式在很大程度上是与其生活环境相适应的,不同的生境有与此相适应的种子传播方式,种子的形态结构特点常与其传播方式相适应.在长期的协同进化中,传播种子的动物与植物之间形成了互惠共生关系,这对维持群落结构及其稳定性具有重要的意义.     

“Oh,I’m Here!”: Social Media’s Impact on the Cross-cultural Adaptation of Students Studying Abroad

This study investigates the perceptions and interpretations of social media and online communication by students engaged in study abroad programs. In-depth interviews were conducted and analyzed with 23 American and international students who completed or were engaged in a study abroad program. Results suggest that online communication enhanced the students’ experience, providing help with sociocultural skills, informational needs, relational bonds, and psychological well-being. Different platforms were preferred when communicating with friends versus family and intimates. Online communication between co-nationals from the student’s home country buffered both the sojourning student’s acculturative stress, and the stress and concern of distant family members.     

Lost and Found: Making Sense of Foreign Spaces and the Self with Public Transport

How does public transport both enable and restrict one’s negotiation and interaction with cultural, social and material landscapes? The understanding of social space and self is guided by one’s journey through those spaces, by witnessing events and public conduct. This article presents autoethnographic accounts of two communication studies researchers placed in Cape Town, South Africa, and Helsinki, Finland, for more than three months. In both situations, researchers relied on public transport with which they were unfamiliar. This study considers how those experiences were perceived, and how the researchers encountered and experienced the new social environments, local population and themselves.     

中华龙舟文化演变的生态适应论绎

摘要：主要采用文献资料法和历史研究法,以跨学科的视野阐释和分析中华龙舟文化在不同历史时期的变化,从生态适应的角度,纵向梳理了中华龙舟文化的发展历程,认为中华龙舟文化的起源、演变及传承等整个发展过程均是生态适应的结果。主要从自然生态、社会生态和文化生态3个维度,分析讨论了中华龙舟文化演变过程中的生态适应问题。研究认为：自然生态促进了中华龙舟文化区域性的演成,并赋予其地域性特征;社会生态促使中华龙舟文化服务于政治需要、社会教化和社会整合;而文化生态促进了中华龙舟文化与他文化的横向交流和融合。同时还认为,面对自然生态、社会生态和文化生态的不断变化,当前及今后的中华龙舟文化都会通过不断的自我调适来适应所处生态的变化。一定程度上有助于加深对中华龙舟文化发展问题的理解和认识,进一步拓展民族传统体育文化研究的视野。     

Does cross-cultural training in tertiary education enhance cross-cultural adjustment? A systematic review

The increasing cultural diversity within tertiary education and workplace environments requires students and graduates to be knowledgeable and effective in cross-cultural adjustment and managing potential acculturative stress. One of the ways to increase their cross-cultural adjustment is via cross-cultural training (CCT). Given the predominantly business-oriented nature of previous reviews, this paper systematically examined whether CCT was effective when applied to tertiary students. The analysis of different types of CCT and its outcomes was guided by Ward, Bochner, and Furnham’s (2001) ABC (Affective, Behavioural, and Cognitive) model that comprehensively explained the affective, behavioural, and cognitive facets of cross-cultural adjustment. We reviewed 35 CCT studies published post-1990 with control group design or pre-post training evaluation. CCT in tertiary education has become increasingly multi-method and experiential. CCT programs with behavioural components had the most consistent evidence of effectiveness. Programs with both behavioural and cognitive components were more effective than cognitive- and didactic-alone programs. CCT appeared to be particularly effective in enhancing tertiary students’ academic and career performance. Practical implication and suggestions for future research directions are discussed.     

健康与运动技术传习

健康是人类永久的追求 ,在现阶段 ,人们对自身健康状况和生活质量的关心日益加强 ,国家对国民的健康状况也给予了极大的关注。学校教育中“健康第一”之指导思想的提出 ,得到了人们的共识。对运动技术传习的正确认识 ,无疑有助于学校体育对健康之指导思想的贯彻 ,为提高学生的健康水平发挥重要作用。     

心血管系统的运动性适应与基因多态性

运动可以使心血管系统产生不同的适应效果.分子生物学的飞速发展有助于人们愈加清楚的认识其相关机制,并将有助于理解在相同的训练手段下不同个体之间出现训练效果上差别的原因.综述了近年来国内外关于心血管系统运动性适应与基因多态性之间关系的研究.     

人体适应能力结构维度的理论研究

反映中国人体质状况的国民体质监测已经成为我国的一项政府性工作,体质研究也已成为体育领域的研究热点.理论上人体体质包括形态结构、生理机能、身体素质及运动能力、心理因素和适应能力五个方面,但因测量方法的限制,在现行的国民体质监测指标中仅包括前三项内容.本研究通过文献资料法、访谈法和开放式调查法对体质理论中的适应能力进行了深入的理论研究,认为人体适应能力是人维持身体与内外环境间平衡的能力,具体指个体维持自身与其生存的自然环境、社会环境及生理环境间协调,最大限度地保持自身健康的能力.人体适应能力结构划分为三个维度:1) 对自然环境的适应(4个子维度);2) 对社会环境的适应(3个子维度);3) 对自身生理性改变的适应及对疾病的抵抗能力(4个子维度).     

大学毕业生职业适应性探析

职业适应是指个体在职业认知和职业实践的基础上,不断调整和改善自己的观念、态度、习惯、行为和智能结构,与某一特定的职业环境进行相互调整,以克服大学毕业生在新的职业活动中出现的人际关系困惑症、自我迷失症、情绪压抑症、厌职情绪症等职业不适应的症状,达到人职匹配与和谐的过程。