上市公司股利政策的代理成本理论诠释

20世纪70年代,美国学者詹森(Jenson)和威廉·麦克林(Meckling)在其合著的论文中对代理学说作了系统的描述,首先将代理成本引入到公司理财领域。代理成本理论对现代企业财务理论的发展具有重要的参考价值,其中股利政策的代理成本理论在西方成熟证券市场上得到了充分的实证性检验,本文从股利政策代理成本理论的渊源出发,探讨了股东们如何通过上市公司的分红派现,来缓解代理问题,降低代理成本。     

Agencies,educators, communities and wildfire: partnerships to enhance environmental education for youth

We studied seven programs that engage youth from 10 to 18 years old in wildfire risk reduction in their communities in the United States through in-depth interviews to examine the nature and role of community-school partnerships in resource-focused environmental education. While the programs use a variety of strategies, from Scout badge to summer school, they exhibit several common dimensions: they all engage youth in community projects; they all arise from partnerships between resource agencies, community organizations, and educators; they all began when people familiar with both wildfire and youth education saw an opportunity to improve the community and educate youth through action; and all partners are able to contribute to the common program yet retain their individual identity as they meet their own mission-based goals. We use themes and quotes to illustrate these common dimensions for establishing community-school partnerships that could build action competence through environment-based education projects.     

关注"穷人经济学":中国职业教育发展新话语

“十一五”规划所确立的“穷人经济学”的新命题,为职业教育的新发展进而为和谐社会的建设指明了方向;构建“平民化”、“个性化”、“全人化”的“三位一体”的职业教育新体系是着眼现实、面向未来的重要使命。     

浅析信托与代理、行纪的异同

在对信托与代理、信托与行纪进行比较的基础上,析出信托制度在财产管理方面灵活、安全、高效的优势.     

Children’s sense of agency in preschool: a sociocultural investigation

This socioculturally informed study investigated children’s sense of agency in relation to their everyday life in preschool. The empirical data comprised focus groups reflection situations wherein Finnish preschool children (n. 19, aged 6–7) reflected on their everyday life with the help of photographs and drawings they made. Building on a situative and discursive take on the sense of agency, the results of this study highlight the different forms of the sense of agency talked into being in the focus groups. The results also provide evidence of the different activities within which children’s sense of agency was embedded. In addition, the study also engages with the notion of radical passivity to theoretically explore the borders of the concept of the sense of agency. In all, the study demonstrates the mundane side of children’s sense of agency and its subtle dynamics in day-to-day life in preschool.     

元代的民匠

元代由于匠籍制度的确立，官局人匠及军匠的大量存在，客观上为民间手工业提供了一定的发展空间。在民匠差雇方面，元朝官府也有一定的制度，如编制民匠簿籍，设专门的机构管理，实行轮番就役等等。随着官营局院的衰败，吏治的恶化，匠役制度弛坏，民匠的负担日益沉重，民间手工业生产也受到极大影响。     

论“专利法”课程教学的模式迁移——以理论与实践教学相结合为中心

"专利法"教学兼具法学与理工科内容并以法学为主。从传统的理论讲授向理论与实践相结合的教学模式迁移,是"专利法"教学改革的良好切入点。在理论与实践教学相结合的过程中,对二者均不可削弱或偏废。可以通过充分运用教学规律、注重课程群建设、探索多维度结合等方式促进专利法课程的实践教学改革。     

美国专业学位研究生培养模式及其启示

美国专业学位研究生教育已具有相当规模,其培养模式在入学形式、培养目标、培养方式和质量评估等方面表现出诸多成熟特征。虽然在不同的社会形态下,专业学位研究生培养模式各异,但在我国专业学位研究生教育不断发展的今天,可以合理地学习并科学地借鉴美国这方面的成功经验。我国专业学位研究生培养模式的完善需要进一步改革入学形式、明确培养目标、发挥办学自主性以及健全质量评估体系。     

‘Untold’ doctoral stories: can we move beyond cultural narratives of neglect?

This article examines the stories of 24 social sciences doctoral students in three universities, one in Canada and two in the UK, who experienced challenging roads to completion. While their stories confirm earlier findings, they also provide insight into how students' agency and personal networks of relationships may be critical, both as resources and constraints. We argue that these ‘untold stories’ of student agency coupled with supervisor narratives of students ‘not measuring up’ can contribute to a culture of institutional neglect. Pedagogies emphasizing an ethic of care and relational rather than regulatory practices are essential if these conditions are to change.     

The role of postgraduate students in co-authoring open educational resources to promote social inclusion: a case study at the University of Cape Town

Like many universities worldwide, the University of Cape Town (UCT) in South Africa has joined the open educational resources (OER) movement, making a selection of teaching and learning materials available through its OER directory, UCT OpenContent. However, persuading and then supporting busy academics to share their teaching materials as OER still remains a challenge. In this article, we report on an empirical study of how UCT postgraduate students have assisted in the process of reworking the academics’ teaching materials as OER. Using the concept of contradictions (Engeström, 2001 Engeström, Y. 2001. Expansive learning at work: Toward an activity theoretical reconceptualization. Journal of Education and Work, 14: 133–156. doi:10.1080/713677004[Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]), we endeavor to surface the various disturbances or conflicts with which the postgraduate students had to engage to make OER socially inclusive, as well as Engeström’s “layers of causality” (2011, p. 609) to explain postgraduate students’ growing sense of agency as they experienced the OER development process as being socially inclusive.